下沉剂沉降堵水规律的研究     

苏国辉  马新星  高伟 《地下水》2015,(1):99-102

根据苏里格西区上气下水型储层的气水分布特征,该区适合下沉剂堵水压裂工艺。目前常用的下沉剂控缝高技术是在压裂时先将下沉剂通过携带液带入裂缝,随着下沉剂的下沉在裂缝的尖端处形成低渗透或不渗透的人工隔层,增加裂缝末梢的阻抗值,降低裂缝尖端的扩展应力,从而有效控制裂缝的垂向延伸。因此研究下沉剂在牛顿流体、非牛顿流体及裂缝内的沉降规律,通过合理的工艺优化设计,有利于提高堵水增气的效果。  相似文献   

Comparison of Liquid Water Content Retrievals for Airborne Millimeter-Wave Radar with Different Particle Parameter Schemes     

崔新东  姚志刚  赵增亮  王敏威  范春晖  苏涛 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2020,26(2):188-198

In the application of the physical iterative method to retrieve millimeter-wave radar liquid water content(LWC) and liquid water path(LWP), particle parameter scheme is the main factor affecting retrieval performance. In this paper, synchronous measurements of an airborne millimeter-wave radar and a hot-wire probe in stratus cloud are used to compare the LWC retrievals of the oceanic and continental particle parameter scheme with diameter less than 50μm and the particle parameter scheme with diameter less than 500μm and 1500μm(scheme 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, and scheme4, respectively). The results show that the particle parameter scheme needs to be selected according to the reflectivity factor when using the physical iterative method to retrieve the LWC and LWP. When the reflectivity factor is less than-30 d BZ, the retrieval error of scheme 1 is the minimum. When the reflectivity factor is greater than-30 d BZ, the retrieval error of scheme 4 is the minimum. Based on the reflectance factor value, the LWP retrievals of scheme 4 are closer to the measurements, the average relative bias is 5.2%, and the minimum relative bias is 4.4 %. Compared with other schemes,scheme 4 seems to be more useful for the LWC and LWP retrieval of stratus cloud in China.  相似文献   

基于CA-FCM方法的飞机增雨效果检验及分析     

沙修竹  邵振平  刘艳华  王山海 《气象与环境学报》2020,36(2):78-84

采用河南省2013—2017年飞机增雨作业资料,利用CA-FCM方法进行增雨效果检验,以探究CA-FCM方法在河南区域飞机增雨效果检验中的合理性及适用性,并分析相对增雨率与季节、检验物理量、垂直积分液态含水量之间的关系。结果表明：CA-FCM方法应用于河南省飞机增雨效果检验,能够获得定量而合理的增雨效果。多数作业相对增雨率0%—40%,少数作业存在减雨效果。研究中春季、夏季、秋季相对增雨率分别为20.8%、22.4%、-22.6%。春季、夏季飞机增雨效果明显优于秋季,一半的秋季增雨作业呈减雨效果,这可能与作业云层可播性条件有较大关系,春季、夏季云层可播性条件优于秋季。显著性检验表明,65%的作业增雨效果显著。增雨作业区域的垂直积分液态含水量越大,相对增雨率显著增加。具有“作业前回波30—50 dBz”、“作业云层尺度较大”条件的作业,易产生一定增雨效果;作业云层回波20—30 dBz,易产生减雨效果;回波强度及面积的维持或增强对增雨效果有明显贡献。  相似文献   

Relationship between cloud characteristics and radar reflectivity based on aircraft and cloud radar co-observations     

宗蓉  刘黎平  银燕 《大气科学进展》2013,30(5):1275-1286

Cloud properties were investigated based on aircraft and cloud radar co-observation conducted at Yitong, Jilin, Northeast China. The aircraft provided in situ measurements of cloud droplet size distribution, while the millimeter-wavelength cloud radar vertically scanned the same cloud that the aircraft penetrated. The reflectivity factor calculated from aircraft measurements was compared in detail with simultaneous radar observations. The results showed that the two reflectivities were comparable in warm clouds, but in ice cloud there were more differences, which were probably associated with the occurrence of liquid water. The acceptable agreement between reflectivities obtained in water cloud confirmed that it is feasible to derive cloud properties by using aircraft data, and hence for cloud radar to remotely sense cloud properties. Based on the dataset collected in warm clouds, the threshold of reflectivity to diagnose drizzle and cloud particles was studied by analyses of the probability distribution function of reflectivity from cloud particles and drizzle drops. The relationship between reflectivity factor (Z) and cloud liquid water content (LWC) was also derived from data on both cloud particles and drizzle. In comparison with cloud droplets, the relationship for drizzle was blurred by many scatter points and thus was less evident. However, these scatters could be partly removed by filtering out the drop size distribution with a large ratio of reflectivity and large extinction coefficient but small effective radius. Empirical relationships of Z-LWC for both cloud particles and drizzle could then be derived.  相似文献   

平板冻结器超压事故的原因分析     

李敏  李湛 《广东海洋大学学报》2002,22(6):49-53

平板冻结器超压事故的发生主要由于使用设备时操作不当和设备质量不过关而引起。对设备超压原理分析和平板冻结器在不同温度条件下的充液比例进行理论计算 ,结果表明 ,停机时 ,在室温 35℃的条件下 ,蒸发器中的充液比例达到 0 .86 0 5时 ,会引起蒸发器发生超压而爆炸。当蒸发器中充液比例在 0 .86 0 5以下时发生的超压事故 ,肯定存在设备质量不过关的因素 ;而当充液比例在 0 .86 0 5或以上时发生的超压事故 ,则是由误操作引起。。  相似文献   

6种鱼类肌肉组织肌苷酸的检测分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘旭  王军  张纹  杜佳莹  苏永全 《海洋科学》2008,32(2):22-24

采用高效液相色谱技术,在国内首次测定了条纹斑竹鲨(Chilocsyllium plagiosum)、大黄鱼(Pseudosci-aena crocea)、鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)、青石斑鱼(Epinephelus awoara)、牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)和乌塘鳢(Bostrichthys sinensis)等6种鱼类新鲜和冻存肌肉组织中肌苷酸含量。结果表明:(1)不同鱼类肌肉组织中肌苷酸质量比不同,牙鲆新鲜肌肉组织中肌苷酸质量比最高,为4.214 mg/g,其余5种鱼类为2.365~3.634 mg/g。(2)10 d冻存试验中,经-70℃超低温冻存,6种鱼类冻存肌肉组织中肌苷酸质量比均高于新鲜肌肉组织,大黄鱼肌肉组织冻存1 d肌苷酸质量比达最大值,鳜肌肉组织冻存10 d肌苷酸质量比呈上升态势未出现最大值,其余5种鱼类肌肉组织肌苷酸质量比均在冻存第5天达到最大值。长时间的冻存将会降低食用鱼肉中肌苷酸质量比,导致鲜味下降,但经1周左右短时间的冻存后可明显提高鱼肉中肌苷酸质量比,增加鲜味,提高食用价值。  相似文献   

柠檬酸发酵中的限制性因子     

刘展雄 《广东海洋大学学报》1994,(1)

回顾柠檬酸发酵生化机制的发展历史，综合多年来的研究成果和结合生产实践中出现的问题，推断最有可能的柠檬酸发酵途径。影响柠檬酸发酵的限制性因子有Ｆｅ２＋、Ｍｎ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｋ＋、Ｐｉ、ＡＤＰ、ＡＴＰ、ＧＴＰ、ＣＯ２等，它们分别作用于发酵的关键酶顺乌头酸酶、丙酮酸羧化酶、柠檬酸合成酶、丙酮酸激酶等。生产实践中应该根据不同菌株而选择控制Ｆｅ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｍｎ２＋，Ｋ＋等金属离子。  相似文献   

Transport properties of liquid metals and viscosity of the Earth's core   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

J. P. Poirier 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,92(1):99-105

  相似文献   

Theory of Basin Scale Dynamics of a Stratified Rotating Fluid     

Leo R. M. Maas 《Surveys in Geophysics》2004,25(3-4):249-279

The dynamics of a stratified fluid contained in a rotating rectangular box is described in terms of the evolution of the lowest moments of its density and momentum fields. The first moment of the density field also gives the position of the fluids centre-of-mass. The resulting low-order model allows for fast assessment both of adopted parameterisations, as well as of particular values of parameters. In the ideal fluid limit (neglect of viscous and diffusive effects), in the absence of wind, the equations have a Hamiltonian structure that is integrable (non-integrable) in the absence (presence) of differential heating. In a non-rotating convective regime, dynamically rich behaviour and strong dependence on the single (lumped) parameter are established. For small values of this parameter, in a self-similar regime, further reduction to an explicit map is discussed in an Appendix. Introducing rotation in a nearly geostrophic regime leads through a Hopf bifurcation to a limit cycle, and under the influence of wind and salt to multiple equilibria and chaos, respectively.  相似文献   

3mm多普勒云雷达测量反演云内空气垂直速度的研究   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3  

彭亮  陈洪滨  李柏 《大气科学》2012,36(1):1-10

垂直指向的W-波段大气云雷达(WACR)不仅测量云粒子的反射率因子Z, 而且测量多普勒速度谱。本文利用寿县气象站WACR在2008年11月1日一个时段的测量, 进行云内空气垂直速度反演试验。首先讨论个例中反射率、 Doppler平均速度及谱宽的分布特征及原因, 然后利用小粒子示踪法和改进的以小粒子示踪法为基础的粒子下降速度w0—反射率因子 (w0－Z) 关系法反演了云内空气垂直速度, 进而结合Doppler谱数据分析反演结果。结果显示: 小粒子示踪法在湍流较弱时能比较精确地反演空气垂直速度, 而湍流较强时, 湍流造成的误差不可忽略; 改进算法在湍流较强时能够减少湍流对反演结果的影响。  相似文献