BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1984,36(2):250-283

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.  相似文献   

Comparing Loss Estimation with Observed Damage in a Zone of Ground Failure: A Study of the 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake in Turkey     

J.?F.?Bird  J.?J.?BommerEmail author  J.?D.?Bray  R.?Sancio  R.?J.?S.?Spence 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2004,2(3):329-360

The building losses in Adapazari following the 17 August 1999 Kocaeli earthquake are estimated for both ground-shaking and ground-failure induced damage and the predictions compared with field observations. The ground-shaking damage is estimated using the capacity spectrum approach and accommodating the results of a previously published calibration of this model. These results, which do not incorporate ground-failure damage, are compared to the observed damage patterns in Adapazari to illustrate the significance of not including the more complex ground failure component in a loss model for a region of high liquefaction susceptibility. A preliminary estimation of ground-failure-induced damage is then presented based upon the HAZUS (FEMA, 2003) default methodology. The benefits of these additional calculations to the overall loss model are assessed to provide some quantitative decision-making guidance for those producing loss estimation models. The findings suggest that the benefits of specifically incorporating ground failure into a loss model only start to be obtained if a detailed approach using in situ geotechnical data as well as adequate representation of building foundations is adopted. Otherwise, the additional input data required is not commensurate with the small potential refinement in the estimated losses, particularly considering the compounded uncertainties associated with the simplified approach.  相似文献   

Energy saving device of stator for marine propellers     

F. elik  M. Güner 《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(5-6):850-855

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协方差阵二次型估计可容许的充要条件     

张立振  徐兴忠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(4):667-672

该文研究协方差阵Σ的二次型容许估计问题。设 y1,y2 ,… ,yn　 iid,n≥ 2 ,y1与 p维正态分布 N(β,Σ)有相同的前四阶矩。其中 β=(β1,β2 ,… ,βp)′∈Rp与 Σ=(σij) p× p>0均未知。记 y=Δ(y1,y2 ,… ,yn)′。在损失函数 L (d ,Σ) =tr(d -Σ) 2 下给出Σ的二次型估计在 D={ y′Ay:A≥ 0 ,A∈Rn× n}容许的充要条件  相似文献   

Estimation of the number density of fish from resonance absorptivity and echo sounder data     

Diachok  Orest; Liorzou  Bernard; Scalabrin  Carla 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2001,58(1):137-153

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基于RMF技术的远洋船舶定量风险评估方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

余建星  田佳  谭振东 《海洋技术学报》2005,24(4):107-111

在远洋船舶运输中，设备失效是导致各类事故的一个重要因素。文中引人RMF技术，将其应用到远洋船队的定量风险评估中，以及时查找并消除设备方面的事故隐患。首先找出潜在的风险事件及相关风险因素，然后运用模糊综合评判方法和事故损失综合评估理论对设备风险事件的模糊概率和损失程度后果进行量化，最后依据风险评价结果对需要控制的风险源给出控制措施。实例分析亦表明，运用RMF技术能对远洋船舶的各类设备及属具实施科学的风险管理。  相似文献   

进化策略路径损耗模型的室内定位应用     

张翔  郭杭  秦楠  武和雷 《测绘科学》2017,42(2)

针对传统路径损耗模型经验参数在室内环境应用中的不足,该文提出了一种基于进化策略的损耗模型参数估计方法。采用启发式的随机搜索方式应用于复杂环境条件下的射频信号建模问题,输出模型较好地拟合了信号衰减曲线,20m范围内误差小于3.7dBm。利用获取模型提供参考节点加权因子,结合加权最邻近算法下的均值法和贝叶斯算法,实现了由二维平面演进到三维空间内的有效定位,平均定位误差可控制在3.4m以内。  相似文献   

Utilization of Landsat data to quantify land-use and land-cover changes related to oil and gas activities in West-Central Alberta from 2005 to 2013     

Subir Chowdhury  Dennis K. Chao  Todd C. Shipman  Michael A. Wulder 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(5):700-720

Land use and land cover (LULC) change detection associated with oil and gas activities plays an important role in effective sustainable management practices, compliance monitoring, and reclamation assessment. In this study, a mapping methodology is presented for quantifying pre- and post-disturbance LULC types with annual Landsat Best-Available-Pixel multispectral data from 2005 to 2013. Annual LULC and land disturbance maps were produced for one of the major conventional oil and gas production areas in West-Central Alberta with an accuracy of 78% and 87%, respectively. The highest rate of vegetation loss (178 km²/year) was observed in coniferous forest compared to broadleaf forest, mixed forest, and native vegetation. Integration of ancillary oil and gas geospatial data with annual land disturbances indicated that less than 20% of the total land disturbances were attributable to oil and gas activities. In 2013, approximately 44% of oil and gas disturbances from 2005 to 2013 showed evidence of vegetation recovery. In the future, geospatial data related to wildfire, logging activities, insect defoliation, and other natural and anthropogenic factors can be integrated to quantify other causes of land disturbances.  相似文献   

Adjusted Daily Rainfall and Snowfall Data for Canada     

Xiaolan L. Wang  Hong Xu  Budong Qian  Yang Feng  Eva Mekis 《大气与海洋》2017,55(3):155-168

This article documents how Environment and Climate Change Canada’s Adjusted Daily Rainfall and Snowfall (AdjDlyRS) dataset was developed. The adjustments include (i) conversion of ruler measurements of snowfall to its water equivalent using a previously developed snow water equivalent (SWE) ratio map for Canada; (ii) corrections for gauge-related issues including undercatch and evaporation caused by wind effects and gauge-specific wetting loss, as well as for trace precipitation amounts, using previously developed procedures for Canada. Various data flags (e.g., accumulation flags) were also treated. This dataset contains all Canadian stations reporting daily rainfall and snowfall for which we have metadata to implement the adjustments. The length of the data record varies from one station to another, starting as early as 1840. The results show that the original unadjusted total precipitation data in Environment and Climate Change Canada’s digital archive underestimate the total precipitation in northeastern Canada by more than 25% and by about 10–15% in most of southern Canada. Such large underestimates make the original data unsuitable for water availability and/or balance studies or for numerical model validation, among many other applications. The use of the assumed 10:1 SWE ratio for the archived total precipitation data is the primary cause of the underestimate, which is most severe in northeastern Canada. The trace correction adds 5–20% to precipitation values in northern Canada but less than 5% in southern Canada. The gauge-related corrections do not show an organized spatial pattern but add 5–10% to the precipitation at 312 stations. Long runs (≥3 months) of miscoded missing values were also identified and corrected.

The latest version of the AdjDlyRS dataset is available from the Canadian Open Data Portal; currently it is version 2016, which contains 3346 stations and covers the period from station inception to February 2016. This dataset is suitable for producing gridded precipitation datasets, as well as other applications.  相似文献   

水下无线电能传输研究进展     

牛王强 《南京气象学院学报》2017,9(1):46-53

首先对水下无线电能传输技术进行了分类,然后给出了磁感应式水下无线电能传输的基本结构和工作原理,讨论了该技术的最优工作频率、传输距离、线圈结构选择、涡流损耗与频率分裂现象.随后简要给出了磁谐振式水下无线电能传输技术和电场耦合式水下无线电能传输的研究现状.最后对水下无线电能传输技术有待研究的问题进行了展望.  相似文献