Remote sensing of particle backscattering in Chesapeake Bay: A 6-year SeaWiFS retrospective view   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

David G. Zawada  Chuanmin Hu  Tonya Clayton  Zhiqiang Chen  John C. Brock  Frank E. Muller-Karger 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):792-806

Traditional field techniques to monitor water quality in large estuaries, such as boat-based surveys and autonomous moored sensors, generally provide limited spatial coverage. Satellite imagery potentially can be used to address both of these limitations. Here, we show that satellite-based observations are useful for inferring total-suspended-solids (TSS) concentrations in estuarine areas. A spectra-matching optimization algorithm was used to estimate the particle backscattering coefficient at 400 nm, b_bp(400), in Chesapeake Bay from Sea-viewing Wide-Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) satellite imagery. These estimated values of b_bp(400) were compared to in situ measurements of TSS for the study period of September 1997–December 2003. Contemporaneous SeaWiFS b_bp(400) values and TSS concentrations were positively correlated (N = 340, r² = 0.4, P < 0.0005), and the satellite-derived b_bp(400) values served as a reasonable first-order approximation for synoptically mapping TSS. Overall, large-scale patterns of SeaWiFS b_bp(400) appeared to be consistent with expectations based on field observations and historical reports of TSS. Monthly averages indicated that SeaWiFS b_bp(400) was typically largest in winter (>0.049 m⁻¹, November–February) and smallest in summer (<0.031 m⁻¹, June–August), regardless of the amount of riverine discharge to the bay. The study period also included Hurricanes Floyd and Isabel, which caused large-scale turbidity events and changes in the water quality of the bay. These results demonstrate that this technique can provide frequent synoptic assessments of suspended solids concentrations in Chesapeake Bay and other coastal regions.  相似文献   

Vertical density distributions of fish: a balance between environmental and physiological limitation   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Stensholt  Boonchai K.; Aglen  Asgeir; Mehl  Sigbjorn; Stensholt  Eivind 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2002,59(4):679-710

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Sea-surface acoustic backscattering measurement at 6–25 kHz in the Yellow Sea     

戚乐华  阚光明  刘保华  裴彦良  杨志国  于盛齐 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(3):113-122

Sea-surface acoustic backscattering measurements at moderate to high frequencies were performed in the shallow water of the south Yellow Sea, using omnidirectional spherical sources and omnidirectional hydrophones. Sea-surface backscattering data for frequencies in the 6–25 k Hz range and wind speeds of(3.0±0.5)and(4.5±1.0) m/s were obtained from two adjacent experimental sites, respectively. Computation of sea-surface backscattering strength using bistatic transducer is described. Finally, we calculated sea-surface backscattering strengths at grazing angles in the range of 16°–85°. We find that the measured backscattering strengths agree reasonably well with those predicted by using second order small-roughness perturbation approximation method with "PM" roughness spectrum for all frequencies at grazing angles ranged from 40° to 80°. The backscattering strengths varied slightly at grazing angles of 16°–40°, and were much stronger than roughness scattering. It is speculated that scattering from bubbles dominates the backscattering strengths at high wind speeds and small grazing angles. At the same frequencies and moderate to high grazing angles, the results show that the backscattering strengths at a wind speed of(4.5±1.0) m/s were approximately 5 d B higher than those at a wind speed of(3.0±0.5) m/s. However, the discrepancies of backscattering strength at low grazing angles were more than 10 d B. Furthermore the backscattering strengths exhibited no significant frequency dependence at 3 m/s wind speed. At a wind speed of 4.5 m/s, the scattering strengths increased at low grazing angles but decreased at high grazing angles with increasing grazing angle.  相似文献   

SeaWinds散射计海面风场神经网络建模研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

解学通  方裕  陈克海  黄舟  陈斌 《地理与地理信息科学》2007,23(2):12-17

根据Sea Winds散射计只有两个入射角和两种极化方式的特点,利用其L2A数据和F291海上浮标数据,针对传统建模方法的不足和限制,借助神经网络建立了一个两种极化方式下统一的神经网络地球物理模型函数。该模型的主要特点是建模风矢量全部取自海上浮标测量数据,因而所用风矢量更加客观准确。通过与Qscat-1模型的比较和L2B与浮标风速之间的偏差统计分析,证明了该神经网络模型的有效性,并发现Qscat-1模型存在一定的系统性偏差。  相似文献   

Monitoring of rice crop using ENVISAT ASAR data     

DONG Yanfang  SUN Guoqing  PANG Yong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(7):755-763

Rice is the most important food source for people and is cultivated in most countries, among which China is one of the most productive. Increase of the world population and demands for economic devel-opment lead to the need of an efficient monitoring system for rice cultivation and forecasting of rice yield. Conventional methods for rice monitoring are based on ground-collected statistics, which is time consum-ing, inaccurate and expensive. Since the 1980s, satel-lite remote sensing has been c…  相似文献   

1999年岫岩地震序列尾波Qc的变化过程   总被引：13，自引：5，他引：13  

王伟君  刘杰 《地震》2004,24(4):37-44

采用Sato单次散射模型，利用近场台站岫岩台和营口台波形资料，计算了1999年岫岩地震序列s尾波品质因子Q，得到了3个分量10个频率点上Q随时间进程的变化。将序列分为3个时段：前震时段、强余震活动时段、序列结束时段，分别计算出每个时段内Qr与频率的关系Q(f)，最后计算了整个序列的Qr(f)。结果表明，Q在大震前后有较明显的变化，基本趋势是震前Q增高，震后降低。另外，在不同的台站和不同的分量上Q变化有不同的反映灵敏度。比较该方法与Aki单次散射模型方法在计算结果上的差别，认为Sato方法在本的数据处理上更为合理。  相似文献   

X波段VV极化地面杂波测量研究     

周平  陈军文  姚京萍  王长林 《遥感学报》2002,6(6):496-500

对X波段，VV极化的外场地杂波试验进行了总结，包括测量系统，原理，测试内容，并提供了后向散射系数测量结果和分析，测量地形包括干草地，裸露土壤和绿麦地。  相似文献   

大亚湾水体后向散射比率的光谱变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

周雯  曹文熙  杨跃忠  王桂芬  赵俊  孙兆华  许占堂 《热带海洋学报》2010,29(2):39-45

采用2007年5月大亚湾浮标定点航次采集的生物-光学数据, 分析了大亚湾水体后向散射比率的光谱变化及其影响因素。分析结果表明, 660nm处后向散射比率变化范围在0.0040—0.0245之间, 均值为0.0082±0.0032, 实测后向散射比率光谱波段间的相对变化不超过15%; 颗粒后向散射比率随着叶绿素a浓度增加呈减小的趋势, 高叶绿素浓度显著对应较低的后向散射比率; 粒径是影响大亚湾水体后向散射比率的重要因素之一, 随着水体中Junge粒级斜率的增大, 颗粒后向散射比率显著增大; 折射率的变化也对后向散射比率产生一定影响, 类似的水体粒径分布情况下, 浮游植物与非藻类物质相对贡献的变化将导致折射率的明显变化, 并将主导水体后向散射比率的变化。  相似文献   

江苏地区尾波Q值特征研究     

孙业君  黄耘  王斌  王俊  李锋  江昊琳 《中国地震研究》2014,28(2):188-199

基于Aki单次散射模型,利用江苏数字地震台网记录的地震数字波形资料开展了江苏地区尾波Q值特征研究。结果表明,江苏地区总体上属于高Q值地区,但不同地区存在明显差异,总体呈现出南高北低的特点。本文对台站相对密,地质构造特点明显、尾波Q0计算结果较为集中的四个区域分区进行了研究,获得了江苏四个区域的Q值与频率的特征关系。苏南至长江口和茅山断裂带附近为江苏的高Q值地区,苏中至沿岸为江苏的低Q值地区,苏北连云港及附近处于Q值中等水平地区。对照江苏四个Q值不同分区的构造及地震活动分析,Q值、地壳运动和地震活动性之间存在一定的相关关系。  相似文献   

基于声学方法的南黄海浮游动物垂直迁移季节变化研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李劳钰  王辉武  吕连港 《海洋科学》2012,36(9):96-101

为研究南黄海浮游动物垂直迁移的季节变化, 分析了2006 年至2007 年4 个季节布放潜标中声学测流仪的观测数据。结果是: 声学测流仪测量的后向散射强度呈现显著的日变化特征, 这是由浮游动物垂直迁移造成的; 在4 个季节中都出现这一凌晨向下、黄昏向上的垂直迁移, 但是垂直迁移发生的时间有季节变化。利用南黄海辐射通量的直接观测数据, 讨论了垂直迁移发生时间与光照的关系,结果表明垂直迁移的季节变化主要受光照的影响。这对于研究浮游动物垂直迁移机制有一定意义。  相似文献