磷脂脂肪酸在地下水微生物生态学中的应用及存在的若干问题   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

潘响亮  邓伟  张道勇 《地理科学》2003,23(6):740-745

磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)是研究地下水微生物生态的一种新兴技术，它比基于培养基的传统方法有许多明显的优势，但同时也存在一些需要解决的问题。样品中的PLFA总量可以通过转换因子估算地下水微生物的生物量，但微生物群落组成的差异和环境的物理变化都是潜在的误差来源，以传统微生物技术互补和选择合适的转换因子可提高结果的可靠性；PLFA还可以被用来指示地下水微生物在各种环境压力下的生理状态；用特定的PLFA生物标志物、PLFA的组成模式、指纹技术来描述地下水微生物的群落结构和变化特征时，存在的主要问题是不同微生物PLFA的重叠、背景值的干扰和环境因子变化的影响，以PLFA技术为主导，借助于数学统计方法，结合传统微生物技术、核酸鉴定、同位素示踪等多种技术可望有效地消除各种干扰因子，从而揭示完整的地下水微生物的生理生态，为地下水污染的生物修复提供理论指导。  相似文献   

三江源生态环境监测研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9  

王江山  李海红  许正旭 《气象》2003,29(11):49-51

青海省生态环境监测系统主要由遍布全省各典型生态系统区的生态环境监测站网、卫星遥感信息接收处理系统，信息收集、处理、模拟、评价系统，综合信息服务与反馈等部分组成。建立环境监测系统的目的是对青海省的生态环境进行系统监测和评估，及时为各级政府、有关部门和公众提供准确、全面的生态环境监测信息，为生态环境保护和建设提供科学依据。青海省生态环境监测系统于2003年5月1日开始业务运行，目前尚处于起步阶段。  相似文献   

洪泛平原农村居民地空间分布特征定量研究及应用探讨   总被引：23，自引：2，他引：23  

徐雪仁  万庆 《地理研究》1997,16(3):47-54

通过对影响居民地空间分布因素的分析,探讨了洪泛平原农村居民地空间分布特征;利用地理信息系统技术对不同高程带内居民地分布规模、等级和空间分布密度作了定量研究,得到了居民地空间分布密度和人口空间分布密度参数;并结合洪灾淹没区居民地损失的估算,对研究结果的应用作了探讨。  相似文献   

A Pragmatic Study of Conventional and Alternative Farmers in Colorado     

Leslie Aileen Duram 《The Professional geographer》1997,49(2):202-213

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中国干旱半干旱区农业生态地质环境系统工程研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汤洁  林年丰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1996,(1)

干旱半干旱区是当前我国农业经济发展最有潜力的地区。可是，该区生态环境脆弱，并受到一定程度的破坏。利用系统工程学的原理，从农业生态地质环境容量的角度出发，对该区的农业生态地质环境的演化过程和演化模式进行了研究，进而提出了农业生态地质环境系统工程研究模式。在调控社会人口和经济发展的基础上，合理开发利用水、土、生物资源，保护治理生态环境，提高自然资源环境的承载力，抑制对资源环境的破坏力，使该区农业生态环境得以恢复和重建，建立起稳定持续发展的农业基地。  相似文献   

论资源与环境的关系   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

柯海玲  杜佩轩 《陕西地质》2004,22(1):83-87

资源与环境是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础和条件，作为地球生态的两个方面，二者共同构成矛盾的统一体，相辅相成又相互制约。当与经济联系起来时，便具有确稀缺性和极限性。  相似文献   

Wildlife management and land reform in southeastern Zimbabwe: a compatible pairing or a contradiction in terms?     

William Wolmer  Joseph Chaumba 《Geoforum》2004,35(1):87-98

This paper examines the melding of two discourses in southeastern Zimbabwe: land reform and wildlife management. The former seeks to redistribute large, ‘under-utilized’ landholdings to smallholders whilst the latter needs extensive land holdings to be viable. These two discourses are rooted in very different models of development. The land reform exercise emphasizes direct redistribution, equity and land for crops; whilst the wildlife management discourse tends to stress maximizing foreign exchange earnings, encouraging public-private partnerships and trickle down. Yet there has been a recent flurry of interest in the development of ‘wildlife models’ for land reform which would combine the two. This paper investigates whether the competing discourses about land for smallholders and wildlife-based land reform are compatible or can be successfully reconciled. It traces the ways they have come together in Zimbabwe’s southeast lowveld and examines the ‘science’ and politics underlying their melding. Finally it explores the potential implications for rural people’s livelihoods of this development. It concludes that land reform and wildlife management can be reconciled, but probably not in a particularly equitable way: it is more likely to provide an opening for an equitable land reform agenda to be usurped by local and non-local elites with wildlife interests.  相似文献   

Minority women’s microenterprises in rural areas of the United States of America: African American,Hispanic American and Native American case studies     

Helen Ruth Aspaas 《GeoJournal》2004,61(3):281-289

Women in many rural areas of the US often engage in small-scale businesses as one of several avenues for contributing to household incomes. In those geographical areas that contain a significant minority population, many of the women's businesses display the cultural diversity of the regions in which they live. Likewise, women's roles as economic providers as well as wives and mothers are reflected in the manner in which they operate their businesses. Candida Brush suggests that women's strategies for operating their businesses are highly integrative because women's business decisions are intertwined with familial responsibilities, household economic demands and desires to contribute to their communities. Hispanic and Native American women in the Four Corners region of southwestern US and African American women in central Virginia participated in interviews in which they responded to numerous short answer and open-ended questions about their businesses and decision-making strategies. From these interviews an image emerges of rural minority business women who are operating their businesses at the nexus of family obligations, economic necessities, cultural ties and with a commitment for serving their communities. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Problems associated with tourism development in Southern Africa: The case of Transfrontier Conservation Areas   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Sanette Ferreira 《GeoJournal》2004,60(3):301-310

Tourism in Southern Africa is synonymous with the wildlife safari. In the post-colonial era the establishment of so-called ‘peaceparks’ that straddle the borders of states has come to be seen as a key not only to increasing tourism in the Southern African region, but also to the modernizing of conservation policies and the development of rural economies. This paper focuses on the global and continental presence of transfrontier conservation areas, the link between conservation and tourism development, and the current factors that constrain and influence the realization of an ‘African Dream’ — ‘establishment of the greatest animal kingdom’. The unstable political situation in Zimbabwe and how this negatively affects wildlife conservation and tourism in the Gonarezhou part of the Greater Limpopo Transfrontier Park, serves as a case study. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Targeting seasonal climate forecasts for integration into household level decisions: the case of smallholder farmers in Lesotho   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Gina Ziervogel 《The Geographical journal》2004,170(1):6-21

Seasonal climate forecasts have been promoted as a means to increase the resilience of marginal groups in Africa. The manifestations of this are still to be seen. This paper argues that successful dissemination and adoption of the forecast requires an in-depth profile of the characteristics and needs of user groups. The case study of a mountainous village in southern Lesotho is used to highlight the decisions which one group of marginal users – smallholder farmers – might make in response to the forecast. A participatory role-play exercise explores what information households presently receive and how new climate forecast information could be integrated into seasonal decision making. Results show that there are a number of low-input options available to these farmers for responding to the forecast. Adoption, however, is going to require repeated exposure to the forecast in conjunction with forecast development that is suited to users' needs. The case study is linked back to the larger scale by suggesting paths that seasonal climate forecast development could take if it is to contribute to improving livelihood sustainability among marginal groups.  相似文献