An elastic-plastic analysis of short-leg shear wall structures during earthquakes     

Ding Jianguo  Zhu Ying 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2012,11(4):525-540

Short-leg shear wall structures are a new form of building structure that combine the merits of both frame and shear wall structures. Its architectural features, structure bearing and engineering cost are reasonable. To analyze the elastic-plastic response of a short-leg shear wall structure during an earthquake, this study modified the multiple-vertical-rod element model of the shear wall, considered the shear lag effect and proposed a multiple-vertical-rod element coupling beam model with a new local stiffness domain. Based on the principle of minimum potential energy and the variational principle, the stiffness matrixes of a short-leg shear wall and a coupling beam are derived in this study. Furthermore, the bending shear correlation for the analysis of different parameters to describe the structure, such as the beam height to span ratio, short-leg shear wall height to thickness ratio, and steel ratio are introduced. The results show that the height to span ratio directly affects the structural integrity; and the short-leg shear wall height to thickness ratio should be limited to a range of approximately 6.0 to 7.0. The design of short-leg shear walls should be in accordance with the "strong wall and weak beam" principle.  相似文献   

Regulating the access to fisheries: learning from European experiences     

《Marine Policy》2001,25(4):313-322

The pressure on aquatic renewable resources has rapidly increased over past decades as a result of both sustained high demand and technological innovation. The relative scarcity of fishing resources is not new, but it seems today to have become a generalised phenomena for most aquatic ecosystems from local to oceanic scales. Either motivated by the desire to regulate conflicts between groups of fishermen (gears, communities, etc.) or to improve efficiency by internalising part of free access externalities, fisheries management appears fundamentally to represent a process of access rule definition and implementation. Whatever is the instrument (output or input based, regulatory or economic, market oriented or not) it is the structure of access rights that is initially affected. There is nothing original in the fact that increasing relative scarcity calls for property right structure changes. It is also not surprising that in many cases, creating an access right structure provides an opportunity for a market expression of resource value. But in the case of fisheries resource appropriation is not as simple or easy as on land. Mobility and variability of the resource, diversity of fishing techniques interacting over stocks or areas, makes the case more difficult. Furthermore, management instruments are not as similar as the economic theory of management implies. Therefore, there is no straightforward answer. This is the reason why many different routes have been chosen to regulate world fisheries. In practice, efficiency and equity objectives are rarely successfully met. The European Union, with the Common Fisheries Policy and the various local or national management schemes, offers a fair range of such examples. Referring to European examples, the key issues in the debate over fisheries management are considered.  相似文献   

城市住宅价格空间分异的区域一体化因素分析 ——以河南省开封市为例     

蔡媛媛  朱英明  艾少伟 《地域研究与开发》2021,40(2):62-67

选取2001年、2006年、2009年、2016年4个时点的城市商品住宅交易数据,基于空间分析与计量模型等方法,对开封市住宅价格时空变化特征及其与区域一体化因素的关系进行分析。结果表明:开封市城区住宅价格空间分布由单中心模式向多中心结构转变,邻近郑州的金明区正成为房价“高峰”;跨界交通和新城规划等一体化因素对开封市住宅价格的影响较为显著,且影响力随着一体化推进而变化。其中,郑开大道对住宅价格的正向促进作用呈先增后降的特点,开通相对较晚的郑开城际轻轨对住宅价格有着明显的正向作用,而开封西郊金明区的快速扩张弱化了其潜在效应。这有效地证实了区域一体化对城市住宅价格有显著影响。  相似文献   

GPS卫星反射信号增强技术研究     

杨进佩  刘中  朱晓华 《海洋湖沼通报》2006,(3):13-20

本文根据GPS卫星反射信号在海洋参数测量、无源雷达目标探测以及大地测绘中的应用,从天线接收、信号处理运算和多路径信号抵消角度,详细地研究了GPS卫星反射信号增强技术,给出了相应天线和电路结构及信号处理方法,并进行了计算机仿真,结果表明所提出的技术能增强GPS卫星反射信号。  相似文献   

一种基于渐消因子的区间卡尔曼滤波器方法          下载免费PDF全文

徐韩  曾超  黄清华 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2017,42(12):1826

在噪声环境中,运动目标发生稳态突变会降低卡尔曼滤波器的滤波性能,进而导致组合导航的可靠性降低,导航系统抗干扰能力下降,影响导航的精确度。为了提高卡尔曼滤波器性能,提高抗干扰能力和导航精度,在采用基于卡尔曼滤波器的超紧耦合同时,提出一种新型的基于渐消因子的区间卡尔曼滤波器算法。该算法通过引入渐消因子和区间矩阵对滤波器增益矩阵进行实时调整,并利用区间运算中的交集运算将各种误差源约束到交集区间,进而保证在区间运算中保真集合映射的完备性并取得最优化。结果显示,该算法能够克服原有滤波器算法的缺陷,在噪声环境中提升对稳态突变目标的跟踪能力,且在噪声中滤波器效果提高,算法计算量没有明显增加。  相似文献   

The 1420 Ma Indiavaí Mafic Intrusion (SW Amazonian Craton): Paleomagnetic results and implications for the Columbia supercontinent     

《Gondwana Research》2013,23(3-4):956-973

The configuration and the timing of assembly and break-up of Columbia are still matter of debate. In order to improve our knowledge about the Mesoproterozoic evolution of Columbia, a paleomagnetic study was carried out on the 1420 Ma Indiavaí mafic intrusive rocks that crosscut the polycyclic Proterozoic basement of the SW Amazonian Craton, in southwestern Mato Grosso State (Brazil). Alternating field and thermal demagnetization revealed south/southwest ChRM directions with downward inclinations for sixteen analyzed sites. These directions are probably carried by SD/PSD magnetite with high coercivities and high unblocking temperatures as indicated by additional rock magnetic tests, including thermomagnetic data, hysteresis data and the progressive acquisition of isothermal remanent magnetization. Different stable magnetization components isolated in host rocks from the basement 10 km NW away to the Indiavaí intrusion, further support the primary origin of the ChRM. A mean of the site mean directions was calculated at Dm = 209.8°, Im = 50.7° (α₉₅ = 8.0°, K = 22.1), which yielded a paleomagnetic pole located at 249.7°E, 57.0°S (A₉₅ = 8.6°). The similarity of this pole with the recently published 1420 Ma pole from the Nova Guarita dykes in northern Mato Grosso State suggests a similar tectonic framework for these two sites located 600 km apart, implying the bulk rigidity of the Rondonian-San Ignacio crust at that time. Furthermore these data provide new insights on the tectonic significance of the 1100–1000 Ma Nova Brasilândia belt—a major EW feature that cuts across the basement rocks of this province, which can now be interpreted as intracratonic, in contrast to previous interpretation. From a global perspective, a new Mesoproterozoic paleogeography of Columbia has been proposed based on comparison of these 1420 Ma poles and a 1780 Ma pole from Amazonia with other paleomagnetic poles of similar age from Baltica and Laurentia, a reconstruction in agreement with geological correlations.  相似文献   

上浮极限状态下饱和土的浮力模型试验和理论分析          下载免费PDF全文

荣雪宁  徐日庆  冯苏阳  朱亦弘  伍璇 《水文地质工程地质》2019,(4):90-96

饱和黏土中的长期浮力是否需要折减是一个具有争议的问题。为研究饱和黏土中的长期浮力是否小于相同水头高度下的静水压力,通过地基上浮失稳的模型试验,实测了上浮极限状态下（即有效应力约等于0时）饱和砂土和黏土中的浮力折减系数。实验装置由模型槽、土样、凡士林、浮筒、配重及压重设施组成,通过浮筒上浮瞬间的受力平衡得到失稳时的实际上浮力。实验测得饱和砂土中的浮力折减系数为1,饱和高岭土和饱和蒙脱石中的浮力折减系数分别为0.973±0.024和0.959±0.016。试验结果表明上浮极限状态下,饱和土中的浮力与纯水中的浮力差别很小。即便在高塑性黏土中,模型基础失稳时受到的上浮力与纯水中的浮力相比,仅折减了不到5%。基于饱和土有效应力原理的分析表明,上浮极限状态下的浮力折减系数与土样固结前的Skempton B值互为倒数。大量实测数据并未发现饱和黏土的Skempton B值明显大于1,故饱和黏土的浮力折减系数也不可能显著小于1。本文模型试验和理论分析表明,在地基抗浮承载力验算时,饱和黏土中的长期浮力不宜进行显著折减。  相似文献   

基于核空间的多光谱遥感图像分类方法   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

刘伟强  胡静  夏德深 《国土资源遥感》2002,13(3):44-47,57

提出了多光谱遥感图像分类方法中解决非线性问题的一种思路。通过引入核空间理论,将在输入空间中不能线性分类的问题映射到一个可以进行线性分类的高维空间,并利用核函数避免了在高维空间中运算的复杂度,较好地解决了非线性分类问题。利用这种思路,本文对一种比较简单的分类算法———自适应最小距离分类方法加以改进,并将其应用于多光谱遥感图像的分类中,提出了一种核函数的选择策略。  相似文献   

岩体质量分级的风险分析方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

章杨松  罗国煜  李晓昭  阎长虹 《工程地质学报》2002,10(3):331-336

提出了基于RMR岩体质量分级系统的岩体质量研究风险分析方法。该方法分析步骤如下 :(1)通过岩芯样品的现场观测和实验室试验获得分类所需的变量 ;(2 )统计分析拟合得出各变量的分布函数及参数 ;(3)运用Monte Carlo模拟方法获得 2万个RMR值 ,并将结果绘成岩体质量描述图 ;(4)利用以上结果作出岩体质量风险分析评价。该方法用于润扬长江公路大桥岩体质量评价研究获得良好效果  相似文献   

国外灾害遥感应用研究现状   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

夏德深  李华 《国土资源遥感》1996,7(3):1-8

灾害遥感(调查和监测)是遥感技术应用及研究的一个重要方面。本文根据大量的资料及笔者在国外参加的工作,对经济发达国家及部分第三世界国家将遥感技术用于灾害监测、预报、预警以及在减少灾害损失方面所进行的主要工作及取得的效益作一概略介绍。  相似文献