三峡库区短颌鲚(Coilia brachygnathus)新建种群的年龄结构、生长特征及遗传多样性分析     

陈辙聿  陶怡曦  叶勤  王果  王文波  范士琦  何春  李云 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(2):430-439

2019~2020年在三峡库区巫山(WS)、万州(WZ)、丰都(FD)、涪陵(FL)4个采样点采集到新建短颌鲚(Coilia brachygnathus)种群153尾个体,基于鳞片和10个微卫星DNA标记进行年龄结构、生长特征与遗传多样性分析。结果显示,短颌鲚种群体长分布范围为102.1~301.6mm,平均体长(196.6±40.0)mm;体重分布范围为1.90~79.70g,平均体重(17.70±13.06)g。短颌鲚种群年龄组为1~5龄,其中2龄和3龄为优势年龄组,占总个体数的82.35%。体长-体重呈幂函数指数关系,属于正异速生长类型。微卫星DNA标记分析结果显示,10个微卫星位点共检测到82个等位基因,各群体平均等位基因数(N_a)为5.600 0~7.300 0,平均有效等位基因数(N_e)为3.541 4~3.831 5,平均观测杂合度(H_o)为0.617 7~0.700 0,平均期望杂合度(H_e)为0.682 3~0.702 9之间,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.628 5~0.648 4。4个群体的遗传多样性水平均较高,呈现出由三峡库区下游至上游逐渐减小的特点。遗传结构分析结果显示,群体间遗传分化水平很低,遗传变异主要来源于个体内部。结果表明,三峡库区短颌鲚种群处于快速扩张阶段,4个群体均具有较丰富的遗传多样性,遗传结构未发生显著群体分化,群体间基因交流频繁。由此提示,三峡库区短颌鲚很可能来源于三峡大坝下种群扩张迁入三峡库区水域而繁殖建群。  相似文献   

Genetic variability analysis in five populations of the sea cucumber Stichopus (Apostichopus) japonicus from China,Russia, South Korea and Japan as revealed by microsatellite markers     

Yaqing Chang  Zhigang Feng  Jiaping Yu  Jun Ding 《Marine Ecology》2009,30(4):455-461

The genetic structure of populations of the sea cucumber Stichopus (Apostichopus) japonicus was investigated using 10 microsatellite markers. In all, 152 individuals from five natural populations were collected from Aomori, Japan (JA and JR), Yosu, South Korea (KY), Dalian, China (CD) and Vladivostock, Russia (RV). A total of 145 alleles were found at 10 loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 9 at PSC03 to 20 at SCZ06, with an average of 14.5. Average H_o and H_e ranged from 0.260 (JR) to 0.434 (JA) and from 0.654 (RV) to 0.778 (KY), respectively. No significant differences at A, H_o and H_e were found, indicating similar genetic diversity in the five populations. A single allele was found at the PSC05 locus in the RV population. Of the 50 loci, 42 significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, all showing heterozygote deficiency. The genetic distances were all relatively great, ranging from 0.497 (between JA and KY) to 1.029 (between KY and JR). This suggests the five populations are genetically distinct. Cluster analysis indicated that JA, KY and CD form one branch and RV and JR another in the UPGMA tree. A hypothesis is proposed for the evolution of the Japanese red sea cucumbers and the genetic relationship among the populations.  相似文献   

Analysis of SSRs derived from an EST library of half-smooth tongue sole <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cynoglossus semilaevis</Emphasis>     

Yunguo Liu  Baolong Bao  Songlin Chen  Xiuqin Sun 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(3):339-342

A complementary DNA (cDNA) library was constructed from half-smooth tongue sole spleen. A long-read expressed sequence tag (EST) database was generated, containing 3100 cDNA clones, of which 220 clones were fully sequenced. A total of 1060 non-redundant simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were obtained from the cDNA library. An average of 5 kb sequence generates 1 SSR in the half-smooth tongue sole spleen cDNA library. The proportion of the SSR unit size was different in the cDNA library. The monomeric repeats (51.4%) are the most abundant class of SSR in the dataset. The dimeric, trimeric, tetrameric and hexameric repeats are represented in decreasing proportions of 27.2%, 16.0%, 2.8% and 1.9%, respectively. The frequency of pentameric repeats was observed the least (only 0.7%). Most of the monomeric and dimeric repeats are distributed in 3′ and 5′ un-translation region. If translation regions are considered merely, trimeric repeats are the highest, accounting for 57% of the total microsatellites.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity and population structure of the golden cuttlefish,Sepia esculenta (Cephalopoda: Sepiidae) indicated by microsatellite DNA variations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiaodong Zheng  Minoru Ikeda  Lingfeng Kong  Xiangzhi Lin  Qi Li  Nobuhiko Taniguchi 《Marine Ecology》2009,30(4):448-454

The golden cuttlefish, Sepia esculenta Hoyle, 1885 (Cephalopoda: Sepiidae) is a valuable and important fishery resource for China, Japan and Korea. This fishery has experienced severe population decline largely due to overexploitation in past decades. To provide guidelines for fisheries management, we estimated genetic diversity and population structure across four locations along the coast of Japan and one location in China (a total 281 individuals) using nine microsatellite DNA loci. Sepia esculenta showed high genetic variability with mean allele richness ranging from 15.8 to 21.4, and mean heterozygosity from 0.80 to 0.90. Weak but significant genetic differentiation was present and the F_ST value was 0.020 across all five populations. The useful information obtained in this study will offer insights into how to fine‐tune conservation and fishery management measures for this species and resource in the future.  相似文献   

奥利亚罗非鱼微卫星位点的筛选     

张庭  卢迈新  叶星  白俊杰  黄樟翰 《广东海洋大学学报》2007,27(3):6-10

从GenBank上选取40对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)的微卫星引物,分别在奥利亚罗非鱼(Oreo-chromis aureus)(83系)、红色奥利亚罗非鱼、奥利亚罗非鱼(02系)和尼罗罗非鱼的基因组上进行扩增。40对引物中有37对(92.5%)可进行有效扩增,32对引物(80%)可检测到个体间等位基因的多态性。其中引物UNH168与奥利亚罗非鱼的性别相关,在雌性个体中可扩增出二条大小不同的特异带(分别为135和171 bp),在雄性个体中则只有一条(171 bp)。将特异条带回收、克隆并测序,结果显示雌雄个体中171 bp条带的序列完全相同,包括103bp的侧翼序列和34个CA重复,在雌性个体中获得的135 bp条带则只有16个CA重复。引物UNH846、UNH860和UNH995可鉴别奥利亚罗非鱼和尼罗罗非鱼,UNH890可鉴别出红色奥利亚罗非鱼。可见,大部分的尼罗罗非鱼微卫星位点存在于奥利亚罗非鱼中。  相似文献   

Analysis of SSRs Derived from an EST Library of Half-Smooth Tongue Sole Cynoglossus semilaevis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU Yunguo  BAO Baolong  CHEN Songlin  SUN Xiuqin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(3)

A complementary DNA (cDNA) library was constructed from half-smooth tongue sole spleen. A long-read expressed sequence tag (EST) database was generated, containing 3100 cDNA clones, of which 220 clones were fully sequenced. A total of 1060 non-redundant simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were obtained from the cDNA library. An average of 5 kb sequence generates 1 SSR in the half-smooth tongue sole spleen cDNA library. The proportion of the SSR unit size was different in the cDNA library. The monomeric repeats (51.4%) are the most abundant class of SSR in the dataset. The dimeric, trimeric, tetrameric and hexameric re- peats are represented in decreasing proportions of 27.2%, 16.0%, 2.8% and 1.9%, respectively. The frequency of pentameric repeats was observed the least (only 0.7%). Most of the monomeric and dimeric repeats are distributed in 3' and 5' un-translation region. If translation regions are considered merely, trimeric repeats are the highest, accounting for 57% of the total microsatellites.  相似文献   

Germplasm of breeding Pseudosciaena crocea as revealed by microsatellite markers     

CHANG Yumei  DING Lei  LI Mingyun  XUE Liangyi  LIANG Liqun  HE Jianguo  LEI Qingquan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(4):156-164

The germplasm of breeding large yellow croaker （Pseudosciaena crocea Richardson） was revealed using 12 microsatellite markers. The results showed that the genetic diversities were on a mediated level in the bred Daiqu and Min - Yue stocks and two hybrid groups, as represented by 4.83 of the mean number of alleles and 0.561 of the average observed heterozygosity. The value of pair- wise differentiation coefficient（ FST ） was only 13. 1% between Daiqu and Min -Yue stocks, demonstrating the low level of differentiation and a close relationship. However, STRUCTURE simulations and phylogenetic tree based on the UPGMA method supported that they are geographically different populations of the same species with distinct genetic structures. Examinations of individual admixture showed that Min - Yue stock had been contaminated by alien individuals. Moreover, the genetic structures of the two hybrid groups resembled those of their parents, especially affected more by their female parents. Finally, the values of average observed heterozygosity between parents and their ascendants were compared and tested, as a result of no detectable differences （P 〉 0. 05）.  相似文献   

Genetic divergence among East Icelandic and Faroese populations of Atlantic cod provides evidence for historical imprints at neutral and non-neutral markers     

Pampoulie  Christophe; Steingrund  Petur; Stefansson  Magnus O.; Danielsdottir  Anna K. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2008,65(1):65-71

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Sequences characterization of microsatellite DNA sequences in Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai)     

Qi Li  Kijima Akihiro 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(1):47-52

The microsatellite-enriched library was constructed using magnetic bead hybridization selection method, and the microsatellite DNA sequences were analyzed in Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Three hundred and fifty white colonies were screened using PCR-based technique, and 84 clones were identified to potentially contain microsatellite repeat motif. The 84 clones were sequenced, and 42 microsatellites and 4 minisatellites with a minimum of five repeats were found (13.1% of white colonies screened). Besides the motif of CA contained in the oligoprobe, we also found other 16 types of microsatellite repeats including a dinucleotide repeat, two tetranucleotide repeats, twelve pentanucleotide repeats and a hexanucleotide repeat. According to Weber(1990), the microsatellite sequences obtained could be categorized structurally into perfect repeats (73.3%), imperfect repeats(13.3%), and compound repeats (13.4%). Among the microsatellite repeats, relatively short arrays (＜ 20 repeats) were most abundant,accounting for 75.0%. The largest length of microsatellites was 48 repeats, and the average number of repeats was 13.4. The data on the composition and length distribution of microsatellites obtained in the present study can be useful for choosing the repeat motifs for microsatetlite isolation in other abalone species.  相似文献   

Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and temporal instability in allele frequencies at microsatellite loci in a local population of Atlantic cod   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Karlsson  Sten; Mork  Jarle 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2005,62(8):1588-1596

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