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131.
石羊河流域属严重缺水的内陆河地区,流域水资源开发利用严重超过其承载能力,部分区域地下水利用达到174%,致使流域地下水位快速下降,天然植被枯萎死亡,土地沙漠化、盐渍化进程加快,生态十分脆弱,严重危及居民生存。本文基于流域地质结构和水文地质状况,按照地质结构、地下径流特性,对流域地下水盆地进行分区划定,并对流域水资源量进行计算评价,结果表明:石羊河流域地下水主要划分为大靖地下水盆地、武威地下水盆地、永昌地下水盆地、民勤地下水盆地、昌宁地下水盆地和潮水东地下水盆地,经流域地下切面计算和抽水试验验证,区内地下水降水入渗补给量为0.937亿m^3/a,侧向径流补给量为0.086亿m^3/a,合计地下水天然补给量为1.023亿m^3/a。相对误差为0.033亿m^3/a,绝对误差3.23%,分析较为准确,地下水盆地分区合理。研究结果为流域地下开采与保护提供了科学支撑。 相似文献
132.
分析鄯善县地下水监测网的现状和存在的问题,用水文地质分析法对现有监测网进行优化。根据存在地下监测井太少且局部监测井偏大,提出优化方案封堵原有两眼监测井,保留原有16眼监测井,新增加51眼监测井。 相似文献
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杨彪山 《地质灾害与环境保护》2012,23(2):95-99
在对隧道两侧进行水文地质调查的基础上,结合调查区地质环境背景,查明该区水文地质条件。分析不同地层岩性的含水性和富水性,评价地下水的补给、径流和赋存特征,预测隧道开挖时可能发生涌突水的位置。采用狭长水平廊道法、大气降水入渗系数法、比拟法和大气降水入渗法对隧道涌水量进行预算,为隧道施工开挖预防涌突水灾害提供依据。 相似文献
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Aquifer heterogeneity: Hydrogeological and hydrochemical properties of the Botany Sands aquifer and their impact on contaminant transport 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Detailed geological mapping and drilling has shown that the contact between the Cambrian volcano‐sedimentary sequence at Rosebery and the Mt Read Volcanics is formed by a major thrust fault dipping east at 40° and having a displacement of at least 1.5 km. The sedimentary sequence is part of the Dundas Group, a Middle to Late Cambrian forearc‐like sequence which unconformably overlaps the volcanics south of Rosebery. The Rosebery Thrust Fault marks the eastern boundary of a zone of folding, faulting and disruption which affects the Dundas Group and the tectonically interfingered and underlying basaltic greywacke‐mudstone sequence of the Crimson Creek Formation. At least some of this deformation occurred prior to deposition of the Ordovician Limestone, as evidenced by marked angular discordances. The complex area can be interpreted as a Cambrian accretionary prism‐forearc‐arc sequence developed above an east‐dipping subduction zone. The Henty Fault System, which cuts obliquely through the Mt Read belt and encloses a misfit wedge of sediments, pillow lavas, gabbros and ultramafic rocks, is interpreted as a remnant of an inter‐arc basin. The fault system separates a dacitic‐andesitic arc segment to the northwest from a more rhyolitic segment to the southeast. The latter is overlain by a younger arc sequence, the Tyndall Group, which may have been the source for the Dundas Group volcanic detritus. 相似文献
138.
This study aims to characterise the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the Parmelia aquifer and to understand controls on recent water-level changes as these are needed to underpin a quantitative analysis of recharge. The Parmelia aquifer, a layered sequence of sand, silt and discontinuous lenses of clay, receives diffuse rainfall recharge on its outcrop and groundwater recharge occurs across the Dandaragan Plateau at different rates. Water levels have risen steadily over the last three decades between 10 and 55 cm/y in response to the replacement of native vegetation with pasture and annual crops. The mean aquifer properties from sediment analyses indicate a very wide range of porosity (8.9 – 49.5 %) with an arithmetic mean of 26% and consequently a very broad range of specific yield (0.0004 – 0.4) with an arithmetic mean of 0.14. Groundwater in the Parmelia aquifer has an underlying meteoric origin with compositional changes due to reactions with silicate minerals and leaching of chloride that has concentrated in the soil by evapotranspiration. The hydrochemistry sampled at different depths and locations in the aquifer indicates that the groundwater is not well mixed, and variations arise due to relatively recent recharge that has undergone evaporation in some areas. 相似文献
139.
Linking metrics of hydrological function and transit times to landscape controls in a heterogeneous mesoscale catchment 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Long‐term river flow data and one year of isotopic tracer data in a nested 749 km2 catchment were analysed conjunctively to evaluate the relationships between hydrometric statistics, transit times, and catchment characteristics. The catchment comprised two distinct geomorphic provinces; upland headwaters draining glaciated landscapes underlain by crystalline geology and lowland headwaters draining a major regional sandstone aquifer. In the uplands, flow regimes were ‘flashy’ with high runoff coefficients for storm hydrographs, steep recession curves and strong nonlinearity in event responses. In the lowlands, runoff coefficients were low, recessions less steep, and event responses more linear. Flow data from the catchment outfall showing damping of these extremes, but was most strongly influenced by the upland headwaters where precipitation was highest. The damping of variability in stable water isotopes between precipitation inputs and streamflow outputs reflected this; with upland tributaries least damped and lowland tributaries most damped. Attempts to quantify the mean transit times of the sampling points met with mixed success; partly reflecting the short run (1 year) of data, but mainly as a result of the marked damping in lowland sites. As a consequence, MTT estimates can only be said to be in the order of a few years in upland sites, but are probably decadal or greater in lowland tributaries. Again, the catchment outfall averages these extremes, but is more similar to the upland headwaters. Despite the difficulties in quantifying MTTs, it is clear that they, like the hydrological response, primarily reflect the dominant control of catchment soil cover, which in turn is determined by geology and glacial history. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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