Comment on: Mass Fractions of Forty‐Six Major and Trace Elements,Including Rare Earth Elements,in Sediment and Soil Reference Materials Used in Environmental Studies. Fiket et al. (2017), Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 41, 123–135     

Vibor Roje 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(2):317-327

This paper is intended to be a constructive discussion of Fiket et al. (2017, Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research , 41 , 123–135), who dealt with the determination of major, trace and rare earth elements in several sediment and soil certified reference materials. In the present author's view, the paper by Fiket et al. (2017) suffers from a lack of reference to several publications in which somewhat similar results had already been reported. The present contribution therefore provides a comparison of previously published results with those of Fiket et al. for the CRMs soil NCS DC 77302 (GBW 07410), stream sediment NCS DC 73309 (GBW 07311), marine sediments MESS‐3 and NCS DC 75301 (GBW 07314) and estuarine sediment IAEA‐405. It is argued that this fuller consideration (a) allows critical evaluation of the quality of the results presented by Fiket et al. and (b) highlights the advantages of their work. Finally, attention is drawn to the (possible or real) problems that can arise during simultaneous determination of multiple trace elements.  相似文献   

ROCKS & MINERALS DETERMINATION AND ANALYSIS     

《Abstract of Chinese Geological Literature》2014,(3)

正20141456 Chen Juan(Laboratory of High Temperature and High Pressure Study of the Earth’s Interior,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang550002,China);Tang Hongfeng Progress in Analytical Methods of Tungsten Isotope and Experimental Research on Digestion of Whole  相似文献   

Effects of the peat acid digestion protocol on geochemically and morphologically diverse tephra deposits     

Alistair J. Monteath  Alex E. Teuten  Paul D. M. Hughes  Stefan Wastegrd 《第四纪科学杂志》2019,34(4-5):269-274

Tephra shards for electron probe microanalysis are most efficiently extracted from peat using acid digestion, which removes organic material that hinders density separation methods. However, strong acids are known to alter glass chemical compositions, and several studies have examined how acid digestion affects rhyolitic volcanic glass. The focus on rhyolitic tephra in these studies leaves considerable uncertainty, as the dissolution rates of natural glasses (including tephra) are determined by the chemical composition and surface area/volume ratio, both of which vary in tephra deposits. Here, we use duplicate samples of basaltic, trachydacitic and rhyolitic tephra to examine physical and geochemical alteration following acid digestion. Scanning electron microscope imagery reveals no discernible degradation of glass surfaces, and electron probe microanalysis results from duplicate samples are statistically indistinguishable. These findings suggest the acid digestion protocol for organic peats does not significantly alter glass geochemistry regardless of shard morphologies or geochemical compositions.  相似文献   

高压密闭消解-电感耦合等离子体光谱和质谱联合测定海洋地质样品中52种元素   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

高晶晶  刘季花  李先国  鄢全树  王小静  汪虹敏 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(1):109-117

An improved analytical method to determine the content of 52 major, minor and trace elements in marine geological samples, using a HF-HCl-HNO_3 acid system with a high-pressure closed digestion method(HPCD), is studied by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES) and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). The operating parameters of the instruments are optimized, and the optimal analytical parameters are determined. The influences of optical spectrum and mass spectrum interferences, digestion methods and acid systems on the analytical results are investigated. The optimal spectral lines and isotopes are chosen, and internal standard element of rhodium is selected to compensate for matrix effects and analytical signals drifting. Compared with the methods of an electric heating plate digestion and a microwave digestion, a high-pressure closed digestion method is optimized with less acid, complete digestion,less damage for digestion process. The marine geological samples are dissolved completely by a HF-HCl-HNO_3 system, the relative error(RE) for the analytical results are all less than 6.0%. The method detection limits are 2–40μg/g by the ICP-OES, and 6–80 ng/g by ICP-MS. The methods are used to determine the marine sediment reference materials(GBW07309, GBW07311, GBW07313), rock reference materials(GBW07103, GBW07104,GBW07105), and cobalt-rich crust reference materials(GBW07337, GBW07338, GBW07339), the obtained analytical results are in agreement with the certified values, and both of the relative standard deviation(RSD) and the relative error(RE) are less than 6.0%. The analytical method meets the requirements for determining 52 elements contents of bulk marine geological samples.  相似文献   

湿法消解预处理地电化学泡塑样品有效性研究     

严洪泽  陈海杰  孙彬彬  周国华  贺灵  刘银飞  王腾云 《岩矿测试》2017,36(5):510-518

灰化法和微波消解法作为地电化学泡塑样品的预处理方法适用于多数元素,但二者都存在局限性,如灰化法的高温加热过程会造成As、Hg等元素的损失影响测定结果,微波消解法则因用样量小(0.1 g),存在样品代表性和检出限方面的问题。湿法消解是一种传统的样品预处理方法,具有消解完全、元素损失量低、样品代表性好等优点,可以有效解决以上两种方法的不足。但因为加入高氯酸消解泡塑(有机物)样品过程中易爆炸和酸空白等问题,一直没有在泡塑样品的预处理中得到推广。本文选取内蒙古洛恪顿热液型铅锌多金属矿床一条地电化学勘查剖面,用20 m L硝酸+5 m L高氯酸和5 m L王水对泡塑样品(约0.5 g)进行预处理,氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法和高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定元素含量。结果表明:大多数元素的空白含量都比较低,地球化学剖面图上有良好的异常显示;湿法消解处理泡塑样品是可行的,分析泡塑样品主要使用这种预处理方法。  相似文献   

Effect of Initial Azo Dye Concentration and Biomass Acclimation on Sludge Digestion and Dye Co‐treatment     

Umay Gokce Ozkan‐Yucel  Celal Ferdi Gokcay 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(4):387-393

The effect of a reactive azo dye (the hydrolyzed form of Reactive Orange 107, HRO107) on the digestion of municipal waste sludge (WS) was studied. The study also focused on the effect of acclimation of the anaerobic mixed culture on dye treatment. Anaerobic batch assays were carried out in serum bottles under mesophilic conditions. Unacclimated and acclimated anaerobic mixed cultures were used for the study. Both unacclimated and acclimated anaerobic cultures completely reduced HRO107 during WS digestion. Inhibitory HRO107 concentration was found to be 800 mg/L for unacclimated mixed culture. Acclimation increased the inhibitory concentration level from 800 to 3200 mg/L. Sulfanilic acid and four other unidentified dye reduction end products were detected at the end of the assays. The results of this study indicated that anaerobic municipal WS digesters have the potential to be a cost efficient and effective pre treatment method.  相似文献   

Incorporation of Heavy Metals Bioavailability into Risk Characterization     

Hyerim Ryu  Jae Shik Chung  Taekwoo Nam  Hee Sun Moon  Kyoungphile Nam 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(9):812-815

The bioavailability of field‐aged Cd and Cu was calculated, and compared to the total concentrations determined by acid digestion. Only 0.60–4.15% for Cd and 0.59–9.43% for Cu were found to be bioavailable when determined by stomach‐phase extraction. The incorporation of bioavailability reduced more than 90% of the calculated risk of the metals at the site of study. It should be noted that such a reduction may not be generalized and the site‐specific bioavailability needs to be determined case by case.  相似文献   

Determination of Rare Earth Elements, Sc, Y, Zr, Ba, Hf and Th in Geological Samples by ICP-MS after Tm Addition and Alkaline Fusion   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Germain Bayon  Jean Alix Barrat  Joël Etoubleau  Mathieu Benoit  Claire Bollinger  Sidonie Révillon 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2009,33(1):51-62

We present a revised method for the determination of concentrations of rare earth (REE) and other trace elements (Y, Sc, Zr, Ba, Hf, Th) in geological samples. Our analytical procedure involves sample digestion using alkaline fusion (NaOH-Na₂O₂) after addition of a Tm spike, co-precipitation on iron hydroxides, and measurement by sector field-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (SF-ICP-MS). The procedure was tested successfully for various rock types (i.e., basalt, ultramafic rock, sediment, soil, granite), including rocks with low trace element abundances (sub ng g⁻¹). Results obtained for a series of nine geological reference materials (BIR-1, BCR-2, UB-N, JP-1, AC-E, MA-N, MAG-1, GSMS-2, GSS-4) are in reasonable agreement with published working values.  相似文献   

Occurrence of Phthalates in Sewage Sludge from Three Wastewater Treatment Plants in Istanbul,Turkey     

Deniz İ. Çifci  Cumali Kınacı  Osman A. Arikan 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(9):851-855

Phthalates are considered priority pollutants because of their potential adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of five phthalates (DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, and DEHP) in sewage sludge and to determine the seasonal variability of these contaminants at three (Bahçe?ehir, Pa?aköy, and Tuzla) full‐scale municipal and domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in Istanbul, Turkey. Mass balance was also calculated for DEHP at Tuzla WWTP sludge treatment units. DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, and DEHP concentrations in sewage sludge ranged from 1.4 to 2.7 mg/kg dry weight (dw), 1.1 to 2.8, 0.6 to 4.6, 2.8 to 6.2, 18 to 490 mg/kg dw, respectively. Phthalate concentrations from the Bahçe?ehir and Pa?aköy WWTPs met the limit (100 mg/kg dw) of Turkey national sludge regulation and the Europe Union draft of sludge directive for land application, whereas phthalate concentrations from Tuzla WWTP exceeded the maximum permissible concentration. Phthalate concentrations did not show seasonal variations for Bahçe?ehir and Pa?aköy WWTPs, which receive mainly household wastewater while some fluctuations were observed DEP, DBP, and DEHP at Tuzla WWTP which has a lot of industrial wastewater contribution. The mass balance showed that approximately 17% of DEHP in the primary and secondary sludge was removed by anaerobic digestion, while 43% returned back to the beginning of the WWTP and 40% remained in the dewatered sludge. This study suggests that phthalates in sludge from WWTPs with industrial wastewater contribution may limit the use of sludge for land application.  相似文献   

四种前处理方法对电感耦合等离子体质谱测定植物样品中27种微量元素的影响   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

孙德忠  安子怡  许春雪  王苏明  王亚平 《岩矿测试》2012,31(6):961-966

采用HNO₃-HClO₄-HF常压消解、HNO₃-H₂O₂-HF高压密闭消解、HNO₃-H₂O₂微波消解,干法灰化后残渣用HNO₃-HF-HClO₄溶解等四种方法对植物样品进行前处理,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)对植物样品中的27种元素进行定量分析,探讨了不同前处理方法对ICP-MS测定植物样品中微量元素的影响。分析结果表明: HNO₃-HClO₄-HF常压消解使用大量试剂,污染环境,造成空白值高;在常压体系中HClO₄的加入能提高样品的消解效率,但赶酸不完全,会造成复合离子对钒和砷的干扰;干法灰化过程中某些元素(硼、汞等)会损失;常压消解和高压密闭消解中加入HF能有效地提高铍、稀土、钇、钛、锑、铀等元素的回收率,但在蒸干赶HF的过程中,会造成硼和汞的损失,并且钢套的生锈会造成铬、镍空白值高。尽管没有一种方法能适用于所有元素的分析,但相比较而言,HNO₃-H₂O₂微波消解体系操作简单,大部分元素(除铍、钛、锑、铋、稀土)能得到满意的结果,精密度(RSD)均小于10%(n=10),相对误差(RE)为-4.6%~13.6%。  相似文献