滇西高黎贡断裂带糜棱岩的显微变形特征及其构造意义   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

李康  钟大赉 《岩石学报》1991,7(3):65-72,T001

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、超高压透射电镜(HTEM)及电子探针等手段研究了主高黎贡断裂带糜棱岩的显微构造特征,提出长石经历了碎粒流动和部分固态塑性流变过程;而石英晶粒经历了动态重结晶和静态回复阶段。认为高黎贡剪切带是在相当于高绿片岩相—低角闪岩相的变质条件下形成的,是晚第三纪右旋走滑活动的产物。  相似文献   

黄土的震陷性与其微结构特征的关系研究   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

石玉成  李兰  刘红玫 《地震工程学报》2002,24(2):129-134

借助电镜扫描分析手段，对Q3震陷性黄土的微结构特征、颗粒形态等进行了分析。结果表明黄土的显微结构对震陷系数有较大影响，并与震陷的临界动应力关系密切。通过孔隙含量的定量测试分析，探讨了中大孔隙对黄土震陷影响，并对土样的微结构某些指标进行了比较和分析。  相似文献   

Particle orientation and its influence on the mechanical behaviour of isotropically consolidated reconstituted clay     

V. Sivakumar  I. G. Doran  J. Graham   《Engineering Geology》2002,66(3-4):197-209

The behaviour of naturally occurring geological materials such as clay and sand depends on many factors. For example, stresses, strains, previous stress history, mineralogy and the depositional environment all contribute in some degree to a characteristic that all natural soils share, namely “structure”. The structure of clay, or more generally, the microstructure of microscopically sized clay mineral particles, is just as important as the many other parameters that are used to quantify the performance of clays. This paper examines the microstructure that results from the particle arrangement brought about during reconstitution in the laboratory and considers its relevance to the resulting stress–strain behaviour.

Samples of reconstituted kaolin clay were produced using two different procedures. In the first series of tests, kaolin slurry was simply isotropically compressed in one increment. In the second series, the slurry was first isotropically compressed to a low pressure and then completely remoulded. This was followed by isotropic compression to the same pressure as the other series. Specimens were taken from the two series of samples, reconsolidated at various isotropic pressures, and sheared under undrained conditions.

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images indicated that the monotonically compressed samples (Series 1) exhibited an anisotropic microstructure that was distinct from the remoulded (Series 2) samples. Significant differences were also found in the consolidation and stress–strain characteristics of the samples produced in the two series.  相似文献   

Tectonometamorphic evolution of the Koralm Complex (Eastern Alps): constraints from microstructures and textures of the ‘Plattengneis’ shear zone     

Walter Kurz  Harald Fritz  Veronika Tenczer  Wolfgang Unzog 《Journal of Structural Geology》2002,24(12)

Lattice preferred orientations (LPO) of quartz have been investigated along a south–north oriented section across the Plattengneis of the Koralm Complex (Eastern Alps). The Plattengneis forms an important shear zone within the Austroalpine nappe complex of the Eastern Alps, which has developed during the Cretaceous evolution of the Alpine orogen. The quartz c-axes form small circle distributions in the southernmost parts of the Koralm Complex, which represent the uppermost structural level of the Plattengneis. Further to the North two maxima between the Y and Z directions of the finite strain can be interpreted in terms of preferred slip on the rhomb planes. These fabrics continuously grade into (type I and type II crossed) girdle distributions in a northward direction. A strong maximum near the Y-axis with the tendency to be distributed along a single girdle, with three corresponding maxima of a-axes near the margin of the pole figure, can be observed in the central and northern parts. Such LPO are characteristic for both high grade metamorphic conditions and high finite strain. The microstructures display that the deformation within the Plattengneis shear zone was synmetamorphic. A continuous increase of peak temperatures (and pressure) from approximately 550 °C to approximately 750 °C from the South to the central parts can be inferred from geothermometric calculations. The temperatures then decrease to approximately 650 °C from the central parts to the North. The related pressures increase from 8 to 16 kbar, and then decrease to 10 kbar. The LPO changes that have been observed in the study area are best interpreted in terms of temperature dependence of the activation of glide systems within quartz aggregates. The temperature and pressure evolution may indicate that the central parts of the Koralm Complex have been exhumed by larger amounts than the northern and southern parts. This is also documented by the LPO evolution. Therefore, we assume that the Plattengneis shear zone formed during the exhumation of the Koralm Complex, and is related to the exhumation of high-pressure units in the footwall of this shear zone. Accordingly, the kinematics of the Plattengneis shear zone is rather extensional than thrust-related. The implications for the structural evolution of the Eastern Alps are shortly discussed.  相似文献   

西昆仑山库地变质橄榄岩的显微构造特征   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

边千韬  林传勇 《地质科学》1995,30(3):275-282

西昆仑山库地变质橄榄岩块是肢解了的震旦纪一早古生代蛇绿岩碎片。变质橄榄岩以残斑结构为主,呈现粗粗结构向残班结构的过渡和残斑结构向板状等粒结构的过渡。此岩石有明显的变形结构,橄榄石变形时的滑移系为{0kl}[100].橄揽石发育有代表高温(800℃以上)的位错构造,也有代表低温的位错构造。表明此变质橄榄岩经受了上地幔环境下发生的高温塑性流变和侵位过程中及侵位后所经受的低温高应变速率条件下的变形。上地幔环境下变形时的差异应力约为80MPa,应变速率约为1.96×10^-12s^-1-7.03×10^-10s^-1.此变质橄榄岩代表由大陆裂谷发展起来的洋盆下的地幔,产出的构造环境为洋脊-裂谷带。  相似文献   

南昆线南那段红土类型划分及微观特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

文江泉  王贵清 《工程地质学报》1995,3(3):35-42

本文在野外调查的基础上,根据母岩岩性和红土化作用程度对南那段红土作了初步分类,并对几种主要的红土的物质成分和微观结构特征进行了研究。  相似文献   

大青山山前活动断裂变形产物中的微观粘滑与蠕滑标志     

姚大全  汤有标 《中国地震》1995,11(3):231-238

本文通过对大青山山前活动断裂带上的变形产物进行定向采集、原态固结并进行系统微观观测，结合宏观和实验岩石学资料分析，归纳出能反映该断裂运动特性的微观粘滑与蠕滑标志，并对有关问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Vertical eddy diffusivity estimations in Swan river estuary   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Amir Etemad-Shahidi  Jorg Imberger 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2005,39(3-4):175-187

A field experiment is described in which diapycnal diffusivity is estimated by direct and indirect methods in Swan river estuary, Perth, Western Australia. The microstructure profiles were collected in a narrow and straight part of this estuary using a portable flux profiler (PFP). The profiles were segmented into stationary parts and the rate of vertical eddy diffusivity was estimated for the segments within the pycnocline. The direct measurement showed that instantaneous flux could be positive or negative with a low net rate of vertical eddy diffusivity for mass of about 6.5 × 10⁻⁸ m² s⁻¹. All the indirect methods overestimated this rate. However, within the indirect methods, the method of Osborn yielded the poorest estimate while the method of Osborn and Cox gave the closest estimate.  相似文献   

甘肃永登湿陷性新近堆积黄土的微观结构分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

邓津  王兰民  张振中  袁中夏 《地震工程学报》2005,27(3):267-271

甘肃永登县树屏村某工程场地土为第四纪新近堆积黄土,其工程性质较为特殊,具有较大的湿陷性,但在天然湿度下震陷性却很小。本文利用扫描显微镜对其微结构图象进行分析,同时结合土工试验结果,揭示了导致其特殊工程性质的微观机理。最后提出了在工程施工中应注意的问题。  相似文献   

乌龟外周血细胞的显微结构     

曹伏君  李长玲  刘楚吾  刘丽 《广东海洋大学学报》1999,(3)

报道了乌龟血细胞的显微结构。血涂片经过染色,可鉴定出红细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、血栓细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜中性粒细胞等７ 种细胞。红细胞数量多,长椭圆形,具圆核。白细胞数量少,圆形,分为两种：无粒型白细胞和粒型白细胞。无粒型白细胞包括单核细胞和淋巴细胞,无特殊颗粒;粒型白细胞包括嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和嗜中性粒细胞,有特殊颗粒。  相似文献