热解色谱分析技术在伊犁盆地 铀矿床干酪根地球化学研究中的应用     

施小平 《物探与化探》2008,32(3):295-297

利用伊利盆地砂岩型铀矿床干酪根热解色谱数据,计算获得氢指数、氧指数等重要指标,在此基础上,应用氢指数、氧指数划分了伊犁盆地铀矿床干酪根类型,再依据烃指数和产率指数对伊犁盆地铀矿床干酪根的成熟度进行了初步评价。  相似文献   

中国各时代油气形成母源体探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

万传彪  乔秀云  赵传本  陈春瑞  金玉东  王平 《世界地质》2004,23(1):35-40

油气形成是多源的，探讨了中国各时代油气形成主要母源体。这些母源体中富含形成油气的主要母质即孢粉素与木质素。干酪根主要是母源体中的孢粉素与木质素在埋藏环境中不同热变质阶段的残留物，是油气形成的母源物。中国前寒武纪至志留纪油气形成的母源体主要是疑源类与葡萄藻；泥盆纪至侏罗纪油气形成的母源体新增加了蕨类植物及其孢子、裸子植物及其花粉等；白垩纪至第三纪又新增加了最为主要的母源体—沟鞭藻，还有盘星藻、被子植物及其花粉等。  相似文献   

Sorption properties of 1, 3, 5-trichlorobenznene on kerogen     

Chen YANG Guoying SHENG Zhi DANG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):261-262

Kerogen is an important organic matter fraction widely spread in soils and sediments. It plays a major role in the sorption and sequestration of hydrophobic organic contaminants （HOCs） such as trichlorobenzene （TCB）. It is known that kerogen is geochemically heterogeneous due to the differences in source materials and diagenesis history. We hypothesized that kerogen derived from different source materials and diagenetic history exhibits different sorption properties for TCB. We employed two different kerogen materials （coals） as the original materials and two series of kerogen for a given series with an identical source material but different alteration history were yielded through thermal treatment at temperature ranging from 200 to 500℃. The original and treated materials were characterized for their physicochemical properties. Sorption experiments were conducted with batch reactor systems using 1, 3, 5-TCB as the HOCs sorbates and the original and treated materials as the sorbents.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the petroleum composition and quality with increasing thermal maturity as simulated by hydrous pyrolysis: A case study using a Brazilian source rock with Type I kerogen     

《Organic Geochemistry》2015

Hydrous pyrolysis (HP) experiments were used to investigate the petroleum composition and quality of petroleum generated from a Brazilian lacustrine source rock containing Type I kerogen with increasing thermal maturity. The tested sample was of Aptian age from the Araripe Basin (NE-Brazil). The temperatures (280–360 °C) and times (12–132 h) employed in the experiments simulated petroleum generation and expulsion (i.e., oil window) prior to secondary gas generation from the cracking of oil. Results show that similar to other oil prone source rocks, kerogen initially decomposes in part to a polar rich bitumen, which decomposes in part to hydrocarbon rich oil. These two overall reactions overlap with one another and have been recognized in oil shale retorting and natural petroleum generation. During bitumen decomposition to oil, some of the bitumen is converted to pyrobitumen, which results in an increase in the apparent kerogen (i.e., insoluble carbon) content with increasing maturation.The petroleum composition and its quality (i.e., API gravity, gas/oil ratio, C₁₅₊ fractions, alkane distribution, and sulfur content) are affected by thermal maturation within the oil window. API gravity, C₁₅₊ fractions and gas/oil ratios generated by HP are similar to those of natural petroleum considered to be sourced from similar Brazilian lacustrine source rocks with Type I kerogen of Lower Cretaceous age. API gravity of the HP expelled oils shows a complex relationship with increasing thermal maturation that is most influenced by the expulsion of asphaltenes. C₁₅₊ fractions (i.e., saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes) show that expelled oils and bitumen are compositionally separate organic phases with no overlap in composition. Gas/oil ratios (GOR) initially decrease from 508–131 m³/m³ during bitumen generation and remain essentially constant (81–84 m³/m³) to the end of oil generation. This constancy in GOR is different from the continuous increase through the oil window observed in anhydrous pyrolysis experiments. Alkane distributions of the HP expelled oils are similar to those of natural crude oils considered to be sourced from similar Brazilian lacustrine source rocks with Type I kerogen of Lower Cretaceous age. Isoprenoid and n-alkane ratios (i.e., pristane/n-C₁₇ and phytane/n-C₁₈) decrease with increasing thermal maturity as observed in natural crude oils. Pristane/phytane ratios remain constant with increasing thermal maturity through the oil window, with ratios being slightly higher in the expelled oils relative to those in the bitumen. Generated hydrocarbon gases are similar to natural gases associated with crude oils considered to be sourced from similar Brazilian lacustrine source rocks with Type I kerogen of Lower Cretaceous, with the exception of elevated ethane contents. The general overall agreement in composition of natural and hydrous pyrolysis petroleum of lacustrine source rocks observed in this study supports the utility of HP to better characterize petroleum systems and the effects of maturation and expulsion on petroleum composition and quality.  相似文献   

利用干酪根热解动力学模拟实验研究塔里木盆地下古生界古地温   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

解启求  周中毅 《地球科学》2002,27(6):767-769

通过热解动力学模拟实验，对塔里木盆地塔参1井奥陶系干酪根的热演化过程进行了模拟，以此基础上利用KINETICS软件求取干酪根镜质体反射率（R0）的生成动力学参数，并结合塔参1井的沉积埋藏史，计算塔参1井寒武－奥陶系的古地温，这对于研究塔里木盆地下古生界高过成熟烃源岩的古地温是一种新方法。  相似文献   

无机盐类对干酪根生烃过程的影响   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

李术元  林世静  郭绍辉  刘洛夫 《地球化学》2002,31(1):15-20

利用岩石热解评价仪（Rock-Eval）和热解气相色谱仪（Py-GC)，对采自东营凹陷和松辽盆地的烃源岩干酪根进行了热模拟实验，探讨了地层水中所存在的无机盐类对生烃过程的影响，求得了不同盐类作用下的反应动力学参数。结果表明，无机盐类对干酪根的热解生烃过程具有不同的影响。其中，氯化盐类具有一定程度的反催化作用，其他盐类表现出正的催化作用。这种催化作用是通过降低热解反应的表观活化能或提高反应的频率因子而表现出来的。最后，对无机盐类的催化作用机制进行了初步探讨，认为电子诱导效应理论可以初步解释无机盐类的催化作用。  相似文献   

Tertiary deltaic and lacustrine organic facies: comparison of biomarker and kerogen distributions     

Joseph A. Curiale  Rui Lin 《Organic Geochemistry》1991,17(6)

Biological marker and kerogen compositional data in Tertiary deltaic and lacustrine settings were compared and contrasted. The two settings are represented by (a) coals and organic-carbon-rich shales in a ick deltaic sequence from the Far East, constituting three distinct organic facies, and (b) humic coals and spropelic oil shales in a restricted intermontane (freshwater) lacustrine sequence from western Montana (U.S.A.), constituting two distinct organic facies. Wedistinguish the organic facies in each depositional setting by systematic differences in gross compound class distributions, kerogen and infrared spectral characteristics, molecular character of pyrolyzates, sterane carbon number distribution and sterane/hopane ratios. The kerogens of the three deltaic organic facies are characterized by varying quantities of vitrinite, resinite, sporinite, cutinite and fluorescent amorphinite. Triterpane distributions reveal numerous terrigenous compounds, including oleanane, oleanenes and unidentified C₃₀ (presumably) resin-derived components. The two organic facies of the freshwater lacustrine setting are distinguishedased upon either a vitrinite or an alganite/fluorescent amorphinite predominance in the kerogen. Numerous characteristics facies-related markers are also present, including dehydroabietane (land plant resins) and 4-methylsteranes (perhaps from freshwater dinoflagellate input). The available molecular and petrographic data are evaluated, and characteristics are proposed for distinguishing five organic facies of these two depositional settings. The successful simultaneous use of molecular geochemistry and organic petrography in this study provides a format for refining the organic facies concept.  相似文献   

Primary alteration—oxidation of marine algal organic matter from oil source rocks of the North Sea and Norwegian Arctic: new findings     

Ganjavar Khavari Khorasani  Johan K. Michelsen 《Organic Geochemistry》1992,19(4-6)

The presence of partially oxidized algal organic matter in oil-prone marine source rocks, is the rule rather than the exception. Partially oxidized, algal kerogen can still act as a significant source of liquid hydrocarbons. However, the corresponding peak of C₁₂ + hydrocarbon generation is shifted to a considerably lower maturity level compared with that of the classical Type II kerogen. The extent of primary alteration-oxidation of marine algal kerogen is monitored by means of solid state microfluorescence spectroscopy. A new parameter, the Primary Alteration Factor (PAF) is established, and the relationships between PAF and H/C, O/C, HI, TOC and between PAF and %₀δ¹³C are determined. The present data show large variations in the bulk chemistry of immature marine algal kerogens, and reveal evidence for gradational dehydrogenation/oxidation of the source organic matter. This contrasts with the recently proposed mechanism for kerogen formation. SEM analysis reveals a relationship between the physical breakdown of algal organic matter and the formation of liptodetrinite. FTIR analysis shows that the incorporation of primary oxygen in the kerogen macromolecules is not in the form of carbonyl or carboxyl functionalities. The presence of highly unreactive, stable oxygen, associated with aromatic structures in partially oxidized algal kerogen, is suggested by resistance of the kerogen to graphitization. The FTIR data also suggest the presence of aryl ether oxygen. The present findings raise fundamental questions regarding the mechanisms of kerogen cracking and kerogen formation, and have important implications for petroleum exploration.  相似文献   

Structural investigations of sulphur-rich macromolecular oil fractions and a kerogen by sequential chemical degradation     

H.H. Richnow  A. Jenisch  W. Michaelis 《Organic Geochemistry》1992,19(4-6)

Structural studies of a sulphur-rich kerogen and macromolecular oil fractions from the Monterey Formation were performed by selective sequential chemical degradation. The method provides low-molecular weight compounds as former building blocks of the network which allow detailed analyses on a molecular level. The degradation sequence is based on three subsequently performed reactions—a selective cleavage of sulphur bonds in the first step carried out with Ni(0)cene/LiAlD₄, an ether and ester bond cleavage (BCl₃), and an oxidation of aromatic entities by ruthenium tetroxide as a final step. Each step of this sequence afforded a considerable amount of low-molecular weight material which was separated chromatographically and studied by GC and GC/MS, while the high-molecular weight or insoluble fractions were subjected to the next reaction step.The chemical degradation products—hydrocarbons and carboxylic acids—are discussed in terms of incorporation into the macromolecular structure, distribution of heteroatomic bridges and the genetic relationships between the different macromolecular crude oil fractions and kerogen.Labelling experiments with deuterium provided evidence for a simultaneous linkage by oxygen and sulphur functionalities or by aromatic units and sulphur bonds of cross-linking macromolecular network constituents.The determination of sulphur positions in the macromolecule suggests early diagenetic sulphur incorporation into the biological precursor compounds and subsequent formation of a cross-linked network.  相似文献   

Effect of a dolerite intrusion on triterpane stereochemistry and kerogen in Rundle oil shale,Australia     

Trevor D. Gilbert  Lorraine C. Stephenson  R.Paul Philp 《Organic Geochemistry》1985,8(2):163-169

Stereochemical changes of triterpanes present in extracts from an immature oil shale sequence intruded by a 3-m dolerite sill have been studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The steric configuration of the hopanes was observed to change from one dominated by the thermally less stable 17β(H), 21β(H) configuration at some distance from the intrusion, to one dominated by the thermally more stable 17α(H), 21β(H) and 17β(H), 21α(H) configurating in the immediate vicinity of the intrusion. In addition, severe alteration of the kerogen appeared to have taken place as a result of the contact metamorphism, and high concentrations of extractable organic matter were observed below the intrusion. Characterization of the kerogens by Curie-point pyrolysis has enabled the effects of the intrusion on the shales to be monitored.  相似文献