溶胀——研究石油初次运移的新途径     

蔡玉兰  张馨  邹艳荣 《地球化学》2007,36(4):351-356

用不同方法确定了扒搂沟煤型干酪根的溶胀比,计算模拟了石油的初次运移.结果显示,溶胀比决定了源岩的留烃潜力;石油的初次运移受源岩溶胀比和生烃能力的控制.Ⅲ型干酪根只有少量液态烃排出,除受Ⅲ型干酪根留烃能力制约外,还与生成液态烃的数量有关.溶胀实验可以确定和模拟源岩的留-排烃能力,是研究石油初次运移及其质量分馏的新途径.  相似文献   

压力对高硫干酪根轻烃产率的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邹艳荣  刘金钟  彭平安 《地球化学》2000,29(5):431-434

采用金管－高压釜体系对江汉盆地高硫干酪根进行了热解,用氘代正构烷烃作标样,色谱－质谱定量。实验结果表明,压力增加,ｎＣ６和轻烃（ｎＣ６￣ｎＣ１４）的产率明显增加;而对ｎＣ１５和沥青的产率未发现有显著影响。  相似文献   

The transmittance color index of amorphous organic matter: a thermal maturity indicator for petroleum source rocks     

C. R. Robison  P. van Gijzel  L. M. Darnell 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2000,43(1-4)

Since the mid-1980s, Texaco has used the transmittance color index (TCI) of amorphous kerogen as an indicator of kerogen thermal maturation. The technique simply involves the direct measurement of a white-light spectrum as it is transmitted through a particle of amorphous organic matter (AOM). In brief, TCI values are obtained by the analysis of white light originating from a 100-W 6-V tungsten lamp attached to a photometric microscope. The assignment of particular TCI values is based on the increasing curvature of spectra with increasing maturity. TCI curves shift from an average wavelength around 580 nm for samples of immature, amorphous kerogen (i.e., material with a mean, random vitrinite reflectance of about 0.20%) to about 660 nm for samples containing very dark brown to some black particulate material (i.e., kerogen with a mean, random vitrinite reflectance of about 2.15%). The range of TCI values covers all zones of petroleum generation and preservation. In our opinion, TCI can provide as accurate a basis for maturation interpretations as is available from vitrinite reflectance (or from the mean random reflectance of some zooclasts, such as graptolites and chitinozoans), or the widely used visual estimate the thermal alteration index (TAI) or the similarly determined conodont color index (CAI). TCI is probably most useful, however, in those situations where the rocks to be examined have not yet reached the semianthricite coalification stage (≈2.0% vitrinite reflectance).  相似文献   

甘肃西成铅—锌矿田干酪根的特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张成君 《地质论评》1996,42(3):268-274

本文对西成矿田中泥盆统内含有机碳岩石中干酪根分析，认为该区内的干酪根主要由镜质体，壳质体，藻质体，惰质体，惰质组和矿物质组成，属于腐植型干酪根，颜色从淡黄到黑色，从西向东颜色加深，Ｒ０值也有同样的趋势，说明在矿区内成熟度不一致，热解分析发现Ｓ２峰有分叉现象，经过氯仿抽提后分叉消失，从可溶有机质的色谱分析中发现有大量氮硫氧化合物，证明分叉现象可能是由氮硫氧化合物引起。Ｒ０值越大，反映出干酪根的再改造  相似文献   

蓟县剖面中—新元古代沉积物的稳定碳同位素生物地球化学研究          下载免费PDF全文

李超  阎玉忠等 《地质学报》2002,76(4):433-440

本文报道了蓟县剖面约1Ga的中一新元古代沉积物中干酪根，可溶单体烃类等沉积有机质与共生碳酸盐的稳定碳同位素特征，并结合剖面古环境和古生物资料对这些同位素数据进行了初步讨论。干酪根和共生碳酸盐碳同位素数据表明，约1.55Ga以前地表环境中CO2浓度曾迅速下降，而之后趋于稳定。沉积碳酸盐和共生干酪根之间的碳同位素差值（△c）记录了燕山盆地元古宙演化中海侵和海退的交替以及随之具有不同适应性生物群落的更迭。剖面1.4Ga以前的干酪根和正构烷烃，类异戊二烯烷烃的稳定碳同位素特征符合正构烷烃和类异戊二烯烷烃主要起源于喜盐古细菌类脂的假设，而之后，三者之间的碳同位素特征表明正构烷烃主要起源于原始落藻类有机质，而类异戊二烯烃则保持着喜盐古细菌类脂的输入。正构烷烃生物起源的转变表明，1.4Ga以后，古燕山盆地水体中原始类脂物质的异养降解程度明显降低。这一降低可能与在此阶段形成的稳定浅水陆表海环境有关。蓟县剖面干酪根与可溶单体烃类的稳定碳同位素关系显示了具有局限海特征的元古宙燕山海盆独特的生物地球化学过程。  相似文献   

威远、资阳震旦系干酪根与油裂解气的鉴别   总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19  

尹长河  王廷栋  王顺玉  林峰 《沉积学报》2001,19(1):156-160

根据威远、资阳震旦系气藏天然气组成、天然气碳同位素特征、储层包裹体的对比研究认为威远气田震旦系气藏的天然气主要来源于下寒武统泥岩。由于威远、资阳构造形成时间差异,威远为燕山期形成的构造,资阳为印支期形成,燕山消失,因此天然气的捕获时期不同,导致威远天然气主要是干酪根裂解气,次为油裂解气;而资阳主要是油裂解气  相似文献   

Pb、Sr、Nd同位素体系在石油定年与成因示踪研究中的应用   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

涂湘林  朱炳泉  张景廉  刘颖  刘菊英  施泽恩 《地球化学》1997,26(2):57-67

通过对新疆乌尔禾、塔里木盆地印干村等地和贵州西部地区的沥青与干酪根的Ｐｂ－Ｓｒ－Ｎｄ同位素分析工作，对固体同位素在石油与沥青的形成时代及成因方面的研究进行了讨论。根据Ｐｂ－Ｐｂ等时线，塔里木干酪根岩的形成时代为（６３０±１５０）Ｍａ和（４５７±１３０）Ｍａ；根据Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线，乌尔禾沥青形成于（２８６±１２）Ｍａ，印干村沥青形成于（８５２±２１０）Ｍａ。在成因研究方面，干酪根岩代表了表壳岩的同位素体系特征，而沥青的同位素体系特征表明其与深部来源有关：乌尔禾沥青的来源与再循环地幔源有关，而塔里木的沥青则来源于下地壳。  相似文献   

Hydrocarbon source rock variability within the Austin Chalk and Eagle Ford Shale (Upper Cretaceous), East Texas, U.S.A.     

C. R. Robison   《International Journal of Coal Geology》1997,34(3-4)

The Austin Chalk and Eagle Ford Shale are Upper Cretaceous deposits that extend across Texas from the northeast to southwest. These formations contain organic carbon enriched mudstones and chalks that were deposited during transgressions of the Cretaceous epeiric sea in North America. Recent workers in petroleum geochemistry have demonstrated that these organic enriched rocks possessed attributes common to oil source rocks. The present study of these Austin Chalk and Eagle Ford Shale rocks is from the perspective of organic petrology, and it augments the earlier geochemical work that documented source variability within units of these formations. As with the earlier work, the results of this study show that both formations contain intervals that are, when mature, capable of generating commercial quantities of liquid hydrocarbons. However, this work further revealed that Eagle Ford rocks not only exhibit greater or ganic carbon contents, but also have greater quantities of oil-prone kerogen (fluorescent amorphinite and exinite) when compared with rocks from the Austin Chalk. These source rock differences relate to levels or degrees of organic preservation. Dysaerobic to oxic depositional settings seem to be more characteristic of the Austin Chalk than of the Eagle Ford Shale. Such oxic environments do not consistently favor the preservation of organic matter. Usually, well-preserved kerogen forms under more anoxic conditions, such as those that occurred during deposition of some Eagle Ford units. These anoxic conditions suggest that the geographically more extensive Eagle Ford Shale is a more important source for oil than is the Austin Chalk.  相似文献   

Investigation of catalytic effects of indigenous minerals in the pyrolysis of Aleksinac oil shale organic matter     

D. Vu eli&#x;  V. Markovi&#x;  V. Vu eli&#x;  D. Spiridonovi&#x;  B. Jovan i&#x;evi&#x;  D. Vitorovi&#x; 《Organic Geochemistry》1992,19(4-6)

The catalytic effect of indigenous minerals in the pyrolysis of Aleksinac (Yugoslavia) oil shale was studied in this paper. The substrates were prepared by gradual removal of the mineral constituents (carbonates, silicates, pyrite) and the free and bound bitumens. The substrates were analyzed by chemical methods, X-ray diffraction, porosimetry, thermal analysis, ¹³C NMR, and standard ASTM Micro Activity Test (MAT) designed for the investigation of cracking catalysts. The liquid pyrolysis products were analyzed by organic geochemical techniques as well. Based on the yields of gaseous and liquid products and the coke, conversion degrees, GC analyses (MAT parameters) and weight losses (TG parameter), the catalytic effect of indigenous mineral components in the pyrolysis of Aleksinac oil shale organic matter was found to be very low. The results suggested that principal organic matter changes should be attributed to thermal rather than to catalytic cracking.  相似文献   

试论干酪根生油与热力学第二定律的关系     

孙秀娟 《化工矿产地质》2012,34(2):103-105,109

用热力学第二定律考察干酪根生油,是一个吸热和熵减的过程,与放热和熵增为特征的自发过程相悖。因此,热力学第二定律并不支持干酪根生油过程。对初生石油在泥岩中的初次运移提出质疑。在否定基岩油藏"上生下储"的基础上,认为石油来源于深部。  相似文献