Long-chain carboxylic acids in pyrolysates of Green River kerogen     

Kimitaka Kawamura  Eu Tannenbaum  B.J. Huizinga  I.R. Kaplan 《Organic Geochemistry》1986,10(4-6)

Long-chain fatty acids (C₁₀-C₃₂), as well as C₁₄-C21 isoprenoid acids (except for C₁₈), have been identified in anhydrous and hydrous pyrolyses products of Green River kerogen (200–400°C, 2–1000 hr). These kerogen-released fatty acids are characterized by a strong even/odd predominance (CPI: 4.8-10.2) with a maximum at C₁₆ followed by lesser amounts of C₁₈ and C₂₂ acids. This distribution is different from that of unbound and bound geolipids extracted from Green River shale. The unbound fatty acids show a weak even/odd predominance (CPI: 1.64) with a maximum at C₁₄, and bound fatty acids display an even/odd predominance (CPI: 2.8) with maxima at C₁₈ and C₃₀. These results suggest that fatty acids were incorporated into kerogen during sedimentation and early diagenesis and were protected from microbial and chemical changes over geological periods of time. Total quantities of fatty acids produced during heating of the kerogen ranged from 0.71 to 3.2 mg/g kerogen. Highest concentrations were obtained when kerogen was heated with water for 100 hr at 300°C. Generally, their amounts did not decrease under hydrous conditions with increase in temperature or heating time, suggesting that significant decarboxylation did not occur under the pyrolysis conditions used, although hydrocarbons were extensively generated.  相似文献   

The formation, and clay mineral and CaCO₃ association reactions of melanoidins     

K. Taguchi  Y. Sampei 《Organic Geochemistry》1986,10(4-6)

Melanoidin syntheses, which are carried out by preparing aqueous solutions of glucose and glycine, and glucose and alanine are examined with respect to variation of concentration of reactants, hydrogen ion concentration, molecular weights, functional groups and elemental compositions with increasing heating time at constant temperature (90°C). The experiments reveal that “melanoidins” consist of a mixture of fulvic acid-, humic acid- and kerogen-like polymers, with the initial formation of fulvic acid-, followed by humic acid- and kerogen-like polymers, but showing a period of coexistence of humic acid- and kerogen-like polymers. The kerogen-like polymers have elemental compositions similar to type II or II/III kerogens. The rate of melanoidin formation is much higher in the presence of montmorillonite. The CaCO₃ association reactions of the same experiments, however, show extremely low rates of melanoidin formation. Laboratory simulations seem to be consistent with the observation that carbonate sediments usually contain small amounts of kerogens compared with clayey sediments, both Recent and ancient.  相似文献   

干酪根中类脂肪链含量的测定及石油地质意义     

张学军  严晓虎  李佩珍  苗得玉  胡文瑄  刘庆 《沉积学报》2004,22(4):711-717

选取了红外光谱中2750～3000cm-1C-H振动峰面积作为反映干酪根中脂肪链含量的特征参数,并以完全饱和脂肪链的微晶石蜡为基准,建立了对干酪根中脂肪链含量进行测定的实验方法,同时讨论了实验条件、无机矿物、干酪根样品加入量等因素的影响。并通过对东营地区不同类型干酪根的低熟烃源岩样品进行的高压热模拟实验,研究了干酪根中脂肪链的百分含量与成熟度、沥青转化率及干酪根原素组成之间的关系。结果表明干酪根中脂肪链含量不仅与干酪根的类型有关,而且随成熟作用增加明显降低,其与热模拟生油量的关系和烃源岩的产烃率曲线相似,在脂肪链含量由15%降至5%时出现一个生油高峰。所以,脂肪链百分含量这一参数有可能成为烃源岩的判别及评价的一个新的重要指标。  相似文献   

Prognostication of hydrocarbon generative potential in the onshore and offshore Niger Delta,Nigeria using TOC content and rock-eval pyrolysis techniques     

E. K. Nyantakyi  Tao Li  Wangshui Hu  J. K. Borkloe  R. D. Nagre 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(2):138-144

This article prognosticates the hydrocarbon generation potential of core samples from fields A, B, C and D in Niger delta, Nigeria. The objectives of this study are to characterize the quality of these core samples by organic geochemical analyses. A total of ten core samples collected from fields A, B, C and D in Niger delta were analyzed using total organic carbon （TOC） content analysis, rock-eval pyrolysis technique. The analytical results of the stud- ied core samples reveal that they have generally high total organic carbon contents （TOC）, suggesting that conditions in the Niger delta favour organic matter production and preservation. There is a variation in the kerogen types and this may be attributed to the relative stratigraphic positions of the core samples within the Niger delta. The rock-eval results indicate that the samples from fields C and D contain predominantly Type II kerogen with a capacity to gen- erate oil and gas and hence have good generative potential. The samples from fields A and B contain mainly Type III kerogen and are gas-prone with moderate generative potential.  相似文献   

海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩热解动力学研究:全岩和干酪根的对比   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

耿新华  耿安松  熊永强  刘金钟  张海祖  赵青芳 《地球化学》2005,34(6):612-618

我国海相碳酸盐岩地层分布广泛,厚度巨大,经历的地质历史较长,特点是有机质丰度低,多处于高过成熟阶段.碳酸盐岩烃源岩评价对我国的油气资源评价与勘探至关重要.用生烃动力学方法来研究碳酸盐岩生油气过程是一个值得探索的研究方向.本文通过生烃动力学热模拟实验,求取了碳酸盐岩全岩和其干酪根不同烃类组分(甲烷、 C2～ C5气态烃)的生成动力学参数并进行对比.结果表明,在生烃动力学热解实验中,全岩和其干酪根具有相似的动力学参数,采用烃源岩应该比干酪根更符合实际,但是干酪根样品可以测得更为详细的实验数据,因此可以根据样品的情况,选择合理且易行的实验条件.在此基础上,以本文得到的参数作为参照指标,用动力学方法外推到地质实际中,可准确地提出适合我国的碳酸盐岩生烃定量模型,能为碳酸盐岩的资源评估等方面给出定量数值,从而为有效烃源岩的定量评价提供一种新的方法和途径.  相似文献   

西澳大利亚珀斯盆地页岩气资源研究     

杨恺  李华 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(12):48-53

珀斯盆地位于澳大利亚西海岸,是西澳大利亚页岩气资源勘探的重点区域。该盆地属于复杂的凹陷裂谷,海相沉积二叠纪的Carynginia组和早三叠世Kockatea页岩层被认为是潜在的含气地层。通过搜集大量外文文献,全面总结了该盆地含气目标层的地物化特征,Carynginia组的总有机碳含量为1%~15%,干酪根为III型,Ro在0.56~1.91;Kockatea页岩层的总有机碳含量为1%~4%,干酪根为II/III混合型,Ro为0.48~1.93。两组共划分了11各岩相段,其中黑色页岩岩相段和含黄铁矿泥岩段是最重要的生烃含气层。综合考虑地层、地化指标和岩石地球物理性质,圈出了可供参考的页岩气甜点区。  相似文献   

龙门山映秀-北川断裂平溪黑色断层泥中有机质成分分析及对断层摩擦滑动性质的影响          下载免费PDF全文

张雷  何昌荣 《地震地质》2014,36(3)

通过对龙门山映秀-北川断裂平溪黑色断层泥一系列的分析测试,发现黑色断层泥中含有约9wt%的有机质组分,并且属于干酪根类型。通过对有机质的气相色谱质谱分析得到,其中主要的烷烃化合物成分为正构烷烃(C14-C21)、无环异戊二烯烷烃(姥鲛烷和植烷)、甾烷、萜烷和n烷基环已烷(C10-C21)。对有机化合物的初步分析表明,有机质形成于海相或咸水湖泊相的还原环境,并且赋存时间长,有机质成熟度高。通过对比实验发现,黑色断层泥中有机质的出现能够显著地弱化断层的摩擦强度以及提高断层摩擦滑动的稳定性。  相似文献   

Identification of marine natural gases with different origin sources     

《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(Z1)

Kinetic experiments of gas generation for typical samples of marine gas precursors including low-maturity kerogen,residual kerogen and oil as well as dispersed liquid hydrocarbon(DLH)in source rocks were performed by closed system,and the evolution trends of molecular and isotopic compositions of natural gases from different precursors against the maturity(R0%)at laboratory conditions were analyzed.Several diagrams of gas origin were calibrated by using the experimental data.A diagram based on the ratio of normal and isomerous butane and pentane(i/nC4-i/nC5)was proposed and used to identify the origins of the typical marine natural gases in the Sichuan Basin and the Tarim Basin, China.And the maturities of natural gases were estimated by using the statistical relationships between the gaseous molecular carbon isotopic data and maturities(δ13C-R 0 %)with different origins.The results indicate that the molecular and isotopic compositions of simulated gases from different precursors are different from each other.For example,the dryness index of the oil-cracking gas is the lowest;the dryness indices of gases from DLH and kerogen in closed system are almost the same;and the dryness index of gases from residual kerogen is extremely high,indicating that the kerogen gases are very dry;the contents of non-hydrocarbon gases in kerogen-cracking gases are far higher than those in oil-cracking and DLH-cracking gases.The molecular carbon isotopes of oil-cracking gases are the lightest,those of kerogen in closed system and GLH-cracking gases are the second lightest,and those of cracking gases from residual kerogen are the heaviest.The calibration results indicate that the diagrams of ln(C1/C2)-ln(C2/C3)andδ13C2-δ13C3-ln(C2/C3)can discriminate primary and secondary cracking gases,but cannot be used to identify gas origin sources,while the diagram of i/nC4-i/nC5 can differentiate the gases from different precursors.The application results of these diagrams show that gas mixtures extensively exist in China,which involved the gases from multiple precursors and those from different maturity stages.For example,marine gases in the Sichuan Basin involve the mixture of oil-cracking gases and high-over-maturated kerogen gases,while those in the Tarim Basin involve not only the mixture of gases from multiple precursors,but also those from different maturity gases and post-reservoir alternations such as oxidized degradation and gas intrusion processes.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地镇原地区中生界延长组、延安组烃源岩地球化学特征对比分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

韩宗元  苗建宇  布占琦 《现代地质》2007,21(3):532-537

依据各种钻井样品的实验测试资料,通过Rock-Eval岩石评价、显微镜下观察、有机元素分析、镜质体反射率、生物标志化合物等分析方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地镇原地区中生界三叠系延长组和侏罗系延安组烃源岩地球化学特征进行了综合评价。综合分析表明,研究区延长组和延安组烃源岩有机质丰度较好;液态烃生成能力较强;干酪根类型以腐殖型为主;有机质正处于油气生成成熟阶段。延长组有机质在湖相还原条件下堆积和保存,延安组有机质在浅湖相及沼泽相的弱还原条件下沉积,所以前者烃源岩的有机质丰度、类型以及成熟度都要好于后者。  相似文献   

论有机质生烃潜能与生源的关系及干酪根的成因类型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郝芳  陈建渝 《现代地质》1993,7(1):57-65

作者对我国若干盆地数百个样品的综合分析表明,（1）藻类等低等水生浮游植物来源的有机质经过一定程度的沉积 成岩氧化可形成贫氢的腐泥型干酪根（Ⅲ型或Ⅳ型）:（2）不仅高等植物的某些特殊生化组分可对富集形成壳质型干酪根,其木质纤维组分办可形成相对富氢的腐植型干酪根;（3）不同类型十酪根中的镜质组分的化学结构明显不同;（4）沉积成岩条件对有机质的活化能和热稳定性具有重要影响  相似文献