Subduction of a fossil slow–ultraslow spreading ocean: a petrology-constrained geodynamic model based on the Voltri Massif,Ligurian Alps,Northwest Italy     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(7):787-803

Slow–ultraslow spreading oceans are mostly floored by mantle peridotites and are typified by rifted continental margins, where subcontinental lithospheric mantle is preserved. Structural and petrologic investigations of the high-pressure (HP) Alpine Voltri Massif ophiolites, which were derived from the Late Jurassic Ligurian Tethys fossil slow–ultraslow spreading ocean, reveal the fate of the oceanic peridotites/serpentinites during subduction to depths involving eclogite-facies conditions, followed by exhumation.

The Ligurian Tethys was formed by continental extension within the Europe–Adria lithosphere and consisted of sea-floor exposed mantle peridotites with an uppermost layer of oceanic serpentinites and of subcontinental lithospheric mantle at the rifted continental margins. Plate convergence caused eastward subduction of the oceanic lithosphere of the Europe plate and the uppermost serpentinite layer of the subducting slab formed an antigorite serpentinite-subduction channel. Sectors of the rather unaltered mantle lithosphere of the Adria extended margin underwent ablative subduction and were detached, embedded, and buried to eclogite-facies conditions within the serpentinite-subduction channel. At such P–T conditions, antigorite serpentinites from the oceanic slab underwent partial HP dehydration (antigorite dewatering and growth of new olivine). Water fluxing from partial dehydration of host serpentinites caused partial HP hydration (growth of Ti-clinohumite and antigorite) of the subducted Adria margin peridotites. The serpentinite-subduction channel (future Beigua serpentinites), acting as a low-viscosity carrier for high-density subducted rocks, allowed rapid exhumation of the almost unaltered Adria peridotites (future Erro–Tobbio peridotites) and their emplacement into the Voltri Massif orogenic edifice. Over in the past 35 years, this unique geologic architecture has allowed us to investigate the pristine structural and compositional mantle features of the subcontinental Erro–Tobbio peridotites and to clarify the main steps of the pre-oceanic extensional, tectonic–magmatic history of the Europe–Adria asthenosphere–lithosphere system, which led to the formation of the Ligurian Tethys.

Our present knowledge of the Voltri Massif provides fundamental information for enhanced understanding, from a mantle perspective, of formation, subduction, and exhumation of oceanic and marginal lithosphere of slow–ultraslow spreading oceans.  相似文献   

二叠纪—三叠纪古气候研究进展——泛大陆巨型季风气候:形成、发展与衰退   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

钱利军  时志强  欧莉华 《海相油气地质》2010,15(3)

巨型季风是指二叠纪—三叠纪期间泛大陆上存在的强烈季节风,它的形成与泛大陆的形状、海陆分布及大陆的纬向分布密切相关。从晚石炭世泛大陆的聚合至晚侏罗世—早白垩世泛大陆裂解,巨型季风经历了形成、发展到衰退的过程。在三叠纪,泛大陆很大且几乎关于赤道对称,巨型季风达到最大强度。它对古气候、古环境、古生物及沉积等都产生了深刻的影响,使泛大陆低纬度地区呈现出干旱和潮湿交替的气候特征,蒸发岩和红层广泛分布;高纬度地区温暖潮湿,煤层大量分布;科罗拉多高原(美国西部)、西特提斯(欧洲)和东特提斯(中国)等地的二叠纪—三叠纪沉积地层也显示了受巨型季风影响的特征。  相似文献   

滇西三江地区中生代盆—山动力学耦合初论   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨鑫  刘燕红  孙国强  刘兴旺  王保忠  郑建京 《地质论评》2010,56(2):196-204

盆地和相邻造山带在动力学机制上的耦合关系是当前大陆动力学研究的热点,滇西三江地区中—新生代盆山格局是开展这一研究的典型实例。晚三叠世思茅盆地从前陆盆地向裂谷盆地的转换过程,与造山带演化的主碰撞阶段和后碰撞阶段相关,是研究的切入点。通过分析研究区中—新生代盆—山耦合过程及其沉积响应、地球物理和岩浆岩地球化学特征来探讨其深部动力学过程的一致性和连续性。研究表明三江地区中—新生代盆山演化经历了"盆转山"(T1—T2)、"山控盆"(T3—E1)以及盆—山共变(E2—Q)三个阶段;思茅陆相断陷湖盆通过盆地内沉积相迁移、层序建造、基底变形,尤其是沉积旋回来响应深部动力学过程;岩石圈速度结构剖面揭示出思茅盆地的下地壳和岩石圈地幔P波速度增大,莫霍面加深;结合思茅盆地两侧中生代岩浆岩活动期次和地球化学特征,底侵作用、拆沉作用和俯冲板片断离作用可能是盆山动力学耦合的深部作用模式。  相似文献   

四川万州中侏罗统上沙溪庙组粘土岩中火山灰的岩矿和地球化学证据   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张超  马昌前  佘振兵  殷坤龙 《高校地质学报》2005,11(3):415-424

四川盆地东北缘万州地区中侏罗世上沙溪庙组产出稳定层状浅色粘土岩。利用X射线、X荧光光谱、等离子光谱（ICP）等方法对矿物成分、常量、微量和稀土元素进行了测试分析,粘土岩主要矿物为蒙脱石、伊利石和绿泥石。通过与澳大利亚后太古代平均页岩（PAAS）、北美平均页岩（NASC）、地壳粘土岩背景值以及其它具有代表性岩石的对比发现,本区粘土岩微量元素具有明显的低V,低Ti和低铁族元素的特点,高Al2O3／TiO2比值和低Ti／Th比值特征显著,某些层位具有明显的Eu负异常。推断本区粘土岩沉积物源具有火山灰和陆源碎屑的二元混合成因,各层位成分的差异显示了不同沉积时间内二者的混合比例发生变化。区域对比和地球化学资料显示火山灰可能来自于西部600km远的特提斯洋岛弧火山。  相似文献   

羌北地块中-晚侏罗世雁石坪群古地磁新结果   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

程鑫  吴汉宁  刁宗宝  王海军  张晓东  马轮  周亚楠  康伟伟  计文化  李荣社  陈守建  赵振明 《地球物理学报》2012,(10):3399-3409

本文报道青藏高原羌北地区中-晚侏罗世雁石坪群古地磁新结果.对采自青海省格尔木市唐古拉山乡雁石坪剖面(33.6°N, 92.1°E)11个灰岩采点(118块)和10个碎屑岩采点(99块)定向样品系统古地磁学研究表明,大部分样品的退磁曲线具有双分量特征.低温分量方向在地理坐标系下较为集中,应该为地层褶皱之后的黏滞剩磁.高温特征剩磁分量方向可分为两类:(1)索瓦组(J₃s)和布曲组(J₂b)灰岩,以磁铁矿为主要载磁矿物,高温特征剩磁分量(D_s=355.7°,I_s=42.1°,k=58.2,α₉₅=6°)可通过99%置信度的褶皱检验.(2)雪山组(J₂x)和雀莫错组(J₂q)碎屑岩,以赤铁矿、磁铁矿为主要载磁矿物,高温特征剩磁分量(D_s=3.3°,I_s=28.9°,k=30.7,α₉₅=8.9°)可通过95%置信度的倒转检验和99%置信度的褶皱检验.两组分量都应该是岩石形成时的原生剩磁信息.碎屑岩组的磁倾角比灰岩组偏低13°左右,其剩磁方向很可能存在着与压实作用相关的剩磁倾角变浅的状况.本文取灰岩组平均磁化方向作为雁石坪群的原生剩磁分量,获得羌北地区雁石坪群古磁极位置:80.0°N,295.2°E(dp/dm=7.4/4.5).古地磁结果表明,羌北-昌都地区晚石炭-晚二叠世期间位于南纬中低纬度地区,早三叠世以后开始大规模北向漂移,至中-晚侏罗世已到达24.3°N.其快速北向运动主要发生在早三叠至早侏罗世期间(3500 km左右),与现今位置相比中晚侏罗世之后的北向迁移总量为900 km左右.  相似文献   

Rifting and early evolution of ancient ocean basins: the record of the Mesozoic Tethys and of the Galicia-Newfoundland margins     

Manatschal  Gianreto  Bernoulli  Daniel 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1998,20(4):371-381

Although of different age, the undeformed Cretaceous Iberia/Newfoundland margins and the relics of the Jurassic Briançonnais/Adriatic margins preserved in the Alps document a similar spatial and temporal evolution of rifting suggesting that the evolution of both pairs of margins was controlled by the same processes. Rifting appears to depend strongly on the thermal history of the lithosphere, which controls the rheology and consequently also the structural evolution of the margin. The tectonic evolution of non-volcanic margins appears to be distinctly different from that of volcanic ones.  相似文献   

滇西南惠民超大型铁矿床：一个晚三叠世火山沉积型矿床     

王维  薛传东  杨天南  谢志鹏  信迪  董猛猛  刘靖坤  王宇 《地质学报》2023,97(4):1123-1139

惠民超大型铁矿床处在西南三江复合造山带中南段的昌宁-孟连结合带东侧,具有火山-沉积岩容矿、磁铁矿-菱铁矿矿化组合及普遍伴生热液蚀变的突出特点。目前,因其赋矿地层时代存在分歧,致使其矿床成因认识不清。野外地质调查表明,矿区内原划分为澜沧岩群惠民岩组的岩石组合可分为两个构造地层单元,即：下部为中—晚奥陶世弧火山岩组合,受到古特提斯洋俯冲增生作用的改造,显示一定的构造混杂特点,局部见铁铜矿化;其上被一套火山-沉积岩组合不整合覆盖。上覆火山-沉积岩由玄武岩、安山岩、凝灰岩及硅质岩组成,属于弧前环境沉积组合,是已知铁矿体的主要赋矿层位,至少可分为3个完整的火山沉积旋回,其间多为整合接触。铁矿体呈层状、似层状多层次产于火山岩、硅质岩中,显示同生沉积成矿特点,普遍伴生陡倾斜(细)脉状铁矿化。容矿火山岩上部火山岩及火山碎屑岩中岩浆锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,其结晶年龄位于235～214 Ma之间,峰期年龄为230～225 Ma,指示铁矿床成矿时代属晚三叠世。由此提出,惠民超大型铁矿床是一个早中生代火山沉积型矿床,其成矿严格受到晚三叠世(可早至晚二叠世)古特提斯洋向东俯冲消减(现今地理方位)有关弧火山活动...  相似文献   

西藏尕尔穷-嘎拉勒铜金矿集区火山岩年代学及地球化学          下载免费PDF全文

张志  陈毓川  唐菊兴  李壮  宋俊龙  杨毅  胡正华  杨欢欢  杨超  康浩然 《地球科学》2015,40(1):77-97

尕尔穷-嘎拉勒铜金矿集区是班-怒结合带南部的重要矿集区.矿集区内发育大面积火山岩, 利用锆石U-Pb年代学方法, 首次精确测定了研究区内不同地层中火山岩年龄, 并结合其岩石地球化学特征探讨了其形成构造背景.研究表明, 区内朗久组火山角砾岩成岩年龄为141.7.0±0.47 Ma(MSWD=0.43), 多爱组流纹岩年龄为136.80±0.48 Ma(MSWD=0.79), 形成时代为早白垩世初期, 属于班公湖-怒江洋南向俯冲的岩浆作用响应; 原定多爱组火山角砾岩(GE火山角砾岩)年龄为85.20±0.53 Ma(MSWD=3.40), 形成时代为晚白垩世, 不属于早白垩世多爱组产物, 属于洋盆消亡后羌塘陆块与冈底斯陆块汇聚阶段的火山作用产物, 晚于尕尔穷铜金矿的成矿年龄(86.87±0.50 Ma).岩石地球化学特征表明, 区内火山岩均具有相对富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素(LILE), 而亏损Ta、Nb、Yb、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE)的特征, 显示出弧火山岩特性.结合区域已有火山岩研究资料表明, 在班公湖-怒江洋南向俯冲过程中, 从早白垩世初至中晚期均有比较连续的火山作用, 持续时间约为30 Ma(140~110 Ma); 在班公湖-怒江洋盆消亡后的羌塘陆块与冈底斯陆块汇聚晚阶段, 又伴随有晚白垩世火山作用的发生, 该期火山作用与区内成矿岩体年龄相当, 可能为同一岩浆系统的产物. 关键字: 火山岩; 班公湖-怒江特提斯洋; 俯冲; 碰撞; 尕尔穷-嘎拉勒矿集区; 地球化学.   相似文献   

青藏高原南羌塘荣玛晚侏罗世闪长岩:班公湖——怒江特提斯洋向北俯冲产物   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

冉皞  王根厚  梁晓  郑艺龙  久米多吉 《地质通报》2015,34(5):815-825

班公湖—怒江特提斯洋的演化一直以来备受关注,对于其俯冲极性存在不同认识。报道在青藏高原南羌塘荣玛地区新发现的晚侏罗世闪长岩年代学、地球化学和锆石Hf同位素特征。LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄结果表明,岩石形成于149.7±0.8Ma,时代为晚侏罗世。岩石呈富碱,低Mg O、TFe O、Ca O,富集轻稀土元素和Rb、Th、U、K等元素,亏损Ta、Nb、P、Ti等元素。锆石εHf(t)值为正值,并且具有较大的变化范围(+4.26~+9.29),指示岩浆来源于幔源和壳源岩浆的混合。结合区域地质背景认为,荣玛地区晚侏罗世闪长岩为班公湖—怒江特提斯洋向北俯冲所引起的幔源和壳源岩浆混合作用的产物。  相似文献   

Basement of the South China Sea Area: Tracing the Tethyan Realm   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU Hailing  an  ZHENG Hongbo  WANG Yanlin  LIN Qiujin  WU Chaohu  ZHAO Meisong  DU Yunkong 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(3):637-655

The basement of the South China Sea (SCS) and adjacent areas can be divided into six divisions (regions) – Paleozoic Erathem graben-faulted basement division in Beibu Gulf, Paleozoic Erathem strike-slip pull-apart in Yinggehai waters, Paleozoic Erathem faulted-depression in eastern Hainan, Paleozoic Erathem rifted in northern Xisha (Paracel), Paleozoic Erathem strike-slip extending in southern Xisha, and Paleozoic-Mesozoic Erathem extending in Nansha Islands (Spratly) waters. The Pre-Cenozoic basement in the SCS and Yunkai continental area are coeval within the Tethyan tectonic domain in the Pre-Cenozoic Period. They are formed on the background of the Paleo-Tethyan tectonic domain, and are important components of the Eastern Tethyan multi-island-ocean system. Three branches of the Eastern Paleo-Tethys tectonic domain, North Yunkai, North Hainan, and South Hainan sea basins, have evolved into the North Yunkai, North Hainan, and South Hainan suture zones, respectively. This shows a distinctive feature of localization for the Pre-Cenozoic basement. The Qiongnan (i.e. South Hainan) Suture Zone on the northern margin of the South China Sea can be considered the vestige of the principal ocean basin of Paleo-Tethys, and connected with the suture zone of the Longmucuo-Shuanghu belt–Bitu belt –Changning-Menglian-Bentong-Raub belt, the south extension of Bitu-Changning-Menglian–Ching Mai belt–Chanthaburi-Raub-Bentong belt on the west of South China Sea, and with the Lianhua-Taidong suture zone (a fault along the east side of Longitudinal Valley in Taiwan)–Hida LP/HT (low pressure-high temperature) metamorphic belt–Hida-marginal HP/LT metamorphic belt in southwestern Honshu of Japan, on the east of the South China Sea. The Qiongbei (North Hainan) suture zone may eastwards extended along the Wangwu-Wenjiao fault zone, and connects with the Lufeng-Dapu-Zhenghe-Shangyu (Lianhuashan) deep fault zone through the Pearl River Mouth Basin. The Meso-Tethys developed on the south of the South China Sea. The Nansha Trough may be considered the vestige of the northern shelf of the Meso-Tethys. The oceanic crust of the Meso-Tethys has southwards subducted along the subduction-collision-thrust southern margin of the Nansha Trough with a subduction-pole opposite to those of the Yarlung Zangbo-Mytkyina-Bago zone on the west of the South China Sea, and the Meso-Tethyan (e.g. Northern Chichibu Ocean of the Meso-Tethys) suture zone “Butsozo tectonic line” in the outer belt of the Jurassic-Early Cretaceous terrene group in southwest Japan, on the east of the South China Sea.  相似文献