Measurement and Scenario Simulation of Effect of Urbanisation on Regional CO₂ Emissions Based on UEC-SD Model:A Case Study in Liaoning Province,China     

LI Fujia  DONG Suocheng  LI Shantong  LI Zehong  LI Yu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2015,(3):350-360

Based on the logical causal relationship and taking Liaoning Province, China, which is the Chinese traditional industrial base and is in the stage of accelerated urbanisation, as a case study, this study builds the ′Urbanisation-Energy Consumption-CO2 Emissions System Dynamics(UEC-SD)′ model using a system dynamics method. The UEC-SD model is applied to analyse the effect of the urbanisation process on the regional energy structure and CO2 emissions, followed by simulation of future production and living energy consumption structure as well as the evolutionary trend of CO2 emissions of three urbanisation scenarios(low speed, intermediate speed and high speed) under the assumed boundary conditions in urban and rural areas of Liaoning Province, China. The results show that the urbanisation process can alter production and the living energy consumption structure and thereby change regional CO2 emissions. An increase in the urbanisation rate in case area will lead to regional CO2 emissions rising in the short term, but when the urbanisation rate approaches 80%, CO2 emissions will reach a peak value and then decrease. Comparison of different urbanisation rates showed that production and living energy consumption exhibit different directions of change and rules in urban and rural areas. The effect of urbanisation on CO2 emissions and energy structure is not direct, and urbanisation can increase the differences in energy and CO2 emissions between urban and rural areas caused by the industrial structure, technical level and other factors.  相似文献   

CHZ-Ⅱ海洋重力仪重力敏感结构的性能测试与分析     

涂海波  何建刚  刘雷钧  董琴琴  胡明  柳林涛 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(4):711-714

在原有CHZ重力仪研制基础上,设计新一代海洋重力仪CHZ-Ⅱ并进行硬件搭建与测试。阐述了为CHZ-Ⅱ重力敏感结构设计的测试方案、实验过程及其结果分析,主要包括弹性系统的刚度、交叉耦合效应和漂移效应。实验表明,该结构在目前的测试内容下符合设计要求。  相似文献   

卵形鲳鲹PPARα基因cDNA序列的克隆、组织表达及生物信息学分析     

《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(4)

采用RACE-PCR克隆卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(peroxisome proliferator activated receptors-α,PPARα)基因的c DNA序列全长,并应用生物信息学方法分析其编码蛋白质的理化性质和结构特征。结果表明:卵形鲳鲹PPARα基因(Gen Bank登录号KP893147)c DNA全长1 930 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为1 425 bp,共编码474个氨基酸,其编码的蛋白质为不稳定蛋白,无信号肽和跨膜结构,二级结构由α螺旋、β转角、伸展片段和无规则卷曲组成,且α螺旋占较大比例;预测显示,该蛋白有PPARs基因家族典型的DNA结合区(DBD)和配体结合区(LBD);序列对比表明,卵形鲳鲹PPARα基因与尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)、花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicas)、大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)、金头鲷(Sparus aurata)、军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)等有较高的同源性(81%~89%);蛋白系统进化树分析显示,在人(Homo sapiens)、鼠(Mus musculus)、鸭(Gallus gallus)、花鲈、大黄鱼、军曹鱼等动物中,卵形鲳鲹的PPARα蛋白与军曹鱼的进化关系最为密切(94%),与人(68%)、鼠(68%)、鸭(67%)等的同源性较低。荧光定量分析显示,卵形鲳鲹PPARαm RNA在脑、肾脏、肠、脾脏等组织表达水平较高,其次是皮肤、肌肉,在心脏、肝脏中表达量较低。  相似文献   

伶鼬榧螺(Oliva mustelina)的分子鉴定及其形态变异     

李海涛  何薇  周鹏  陈凯彪  董燕红 《海洋学报》2015,37(4):117-123

根据榧螺螺旋部的差异可将其分为两种不同的形态类型,类型Ⅰ(MorphotypeⅠ)的个体螺旋部陷入体螺层中,其壳顶与前部数螺层愈合;类型Ⅱ(MorphotypeⅡ)的个体螺旋部高出壳顶,缝合线明显,此类型可明确鉴定为伶鼬榧螺(Oliva mustelina)。本研究通过线粒体COⅠ和16SrRNA基因序列的分析对两种形态类型的榧螺进行了分子鉴定。结果表明:两种形态类型的榧螺含有共享的单倍型;不同形态类型间的遗传距离和同一形态类型内的遗传距离重叠;两者的单系性在系统发育分析中没有得到显现,而是共同构成一个单系。因此,两种形态类型的个体均为伶鼬榧螺。类型Ⅰ可能是伶鼬榧螺中一种少见的有别于典型个体的形态变异类型。  相似文献   

中国南海一株固氮类芽孢杆菌的筛选和分离鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张丽红  刘艳芳  胡青平 《海洋科学》2015,39(3):100-105

为了解中国南海海洋自生固氮菌的种类,作者对采集的南海海底淤泥样品进行了固氮微生物的分离、筛选及鉴定。经过土样沸水加热处理,无氮培养基平板初筛后,对分离获得的细菌固氮酶结构基因nif H进行扩增,并对其固氮酶活性进行检测,最终获得一株能够产芽孢的固氮细菌。对该菌株进行生理生化性状测定、16S r DNA序列分析(Gen Bank登录号KJ627376),并基于nif H、16S r DNA系统进化树分析,确定该菌为一株固氮类芽孢菌(Paenibacillus sp.)NH-1。本研究表明固氮类芽孢杆菌在海洋中确有分布,海洋自生固氮菌的多样性远远超出人们之前的认识。  相似文献   

条斑紫菜SSU 中内含子分析     

李星辰  徐佳杰  林中姮  沈颂东 《海洋科学》2015,39(3):12-18

根据GenBank中已知的条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)SSU和LSU r RNA基因序列分别设计引物,分别以混合个体和单个个体的基因组DNA以及c DNA为模板进行扩增,测序分析后推测SSU r RNA基因中的内含子转录后加工可能仍被保留,而在LSU r RNA基因上游序列中没有发现内含子。长511bp的内含子位于SSU r RNA基因序列的上游,其插入位点为TCTGGTG-CCAGCAGCC,内含子5′和3′端的核苷酸序列分别为AAC-和-ATGG。该内含子的剪接位点以及保守区P,Q,R,S与I型内含子是不同的。研究发现,在同种紫菜中,不同个体SSU基因中内含子的有无、分布及结构特征是不同的,说明内含子对于分类是不太适合的。但是内含子的长度以及核苷酸序列在种间又具有一定的特异性,可以为红藻种间以及种内亲缘关系较远的亚种和不同地理群的区分和鉴定提供参考。  相似文献   

Multi-Model Projection of July–August Climate Extreme Changes over China under CO_2 Doubling. Part II: Temperature     

LI Hongmei  FENG Lei  ZHOU Tianjun 《大气科学进展》2011,28(2):448-463

This is the second part of the authors’ analysis on the output of 24 coupled climate models from the Twentieth-Century Climate in Coupled Models (20C3M) experiment and 1% per year CO 2 increase experiment (to doubling) (1pctto2x) of phase 3 of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP3). The study focuses on the potential changes of July–August temperature extremes over China. The pattern correlation coefficients of the simulated temperature with the observations are 0.6–0.9, which are higher than the results for precipitation. However, most models have cold bias compared to observation, with a larger cold bias over western China (>5°C) than over eastern China (<2°C). The multi-model ensemble (MME) exhibits a significant increase of temperature under the 1pctto2x scenario. The amplitude of the MME warming shows a northwest–southeast decreasing gradient. The warming spread among the models (～1°C– 2°C) is less than MME warming (～2°C–4°C), indicating a relatively robust temperature change under CO 2 doubling. Further analysis of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory coupled climate model version 2.1 (GFDL-CM2.1) simulations suggests that the warming pattern may be related to heat transport by summer monsoons. The contrast of cloud effects also has contributions. The different vertical structures of warming over northwestern China and southeastern China may be attributed to the different natures of vertical circulations. The deep, moist convection over southeastern China is an effective mechanism for "transporting" the warming upward, leading to more upper-level warming. In northwestern China, the warming is more surface-orientated, possibly due to the shallow, dry convection.  相似文献   

Multi-model projection of July�CAugust climate extreme changes over China under CO2 doubling. Part I: Precipitation     

���÷  ����  ����� 《大气科学进展》2011,28(2):433-447

Potential changes in precipitation extremes in July–August over China in response to CO 2 doubling are analyzed based on the output of 24 coupled climate models from the Twentieth-Century Climate in Coupled Models (20C3M) experiment and the 1% per year CO 2 increase experiment (to doubling) (1pctto2x) of phase 3 of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP3). Evaluation of the models’ performance in simulating the mean state shows that the majority of models fairly reproduce the broad spatial pattern of observed precipitation. However, all the models underestimate extreme precipitation by ～50%. The spread among the models over the Tibetan Plateau is ～2–3 times larger than that over the other areas. Models with higher resolution generally perform better than those with lower resolutions in terms of spatial pattern and precipitation amount. Under the 1pctto2x scenario, the ratio between the absolute value of MME extreme precipitation change and model spread is larger than that of total precipitation, indicating a relatively robust change of extremes. The change of extreme precipitation is more homogeneous than the total precipitation. Analysis on the output of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory coupled climate model version 2.1 (GFDL-CM2.1) indicates that the spatially consistent increase of surface temperature and water vapor content contribute to the large increase of extreme precipitation over contiguous China, which follows the Clausius–Clapeyron relationship. Whereas, the meridionally tri-polar pattern of mean precipitation change over eastern China is dominated by the change of water vapor convergence, which is determined by the response of monsoon circulation to global warming.  相似文献   

西北半干旱雨养农业区薯麦轮作FACE平台简介     

赵鸿  张强  李耀辉  倾继祖  王润元  杨启国  王鹤龄  仝乘风  魏强 《干旱气象》2011,29(1):100-105

在黄土高原半干旱雨养农业区薯麦轮作田地建立气象部门首家FACE系统(Free Air CO<,2>En-richment),即CO<,2>浓度的控制和监测系统平台,由中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所建在定西半干旱生态环境与试验基地.该平台由CO<,2>气体供应装置、控制系统、释放系统3大部分组成,它是利用计算机网络系统对平...  相似文献   

中国实施铁路电气化的节能减排量估算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

何吉成  吴文化 《气候变化研究进展》2011,7(1):29-34

基于中国铁路部门逐年统计数据,计算了1975-2007年中国电气化铁路带来的逐年节能量和CO2、烟尘、SO2、CO、NOx与CnHm的直接减排量,并分析了其变化特点.结果表明,33年来电气化铁路使得中国铁路运输行业年均节省123.0万t标准煤的能源消耗,节能量年均增长13.9万t标准煤;CO2、烟尘、SO2、CO、NO...  相似文献