Analysis on the indicator species and ecological groups of pelagic ostracods in the East China Sea   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

XU Zhaoli 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(6):83-93

Ecological adaptation and ecological groups of pelagic ostracods were examined in the East China Sea （23°30′-33°00′N, 118°30′ -128°00′E）, in relation to temperature and salinity. The data were collected in four surveys conducted from 1997 to 2000. The density, yield density, or negative exponent models were used to determine the optimal temperature and salinity of water for the thriving growth of pelagic ostracods. Thereafter, ecological groups and potential distribution patterns of pelagic ostracods were determined based on the predicted parameters such as optimal temperature and salinity, consulting the geographic distribution. The analytical results indicate that, among the numerical dominant pelagic ostracods in the East China Sea （ECS）, Euconchoecia aculeata, E. elongata, E. chierchiae, E. maimai, and Cypridina dentata, etc. are offshore subtropical water species. These species are widely distributed in the area, and they can be brought by the warm current to north offshore during spring and winter. The predicated optimal temperature （OT） and optimal salinity （OS） for Paraconchoecia decipiens, P. echinata, P. spini- fera, P. oblonga, Conchoecia magna and Porroeciaporrecta are all greater than 25℃ and 34 separately. These species are mainly distributed in the waters of the Kuroshio, the Taiwan Warm Current, and the Taiwan Strait, and therefore are designated as ocean- ic tropical water species. On the other hand, Pseudoconchoecia concerttrica is considered as offshore subtropical water species based on its geographical distribution although its OT is 19℃. The other species, though their OSs are approximately 34 and with OTs ranging from 20° to 25℃, are considered as offshore subtropical water species because they were found to be widely distributed from the South China Sea to the East China Sea.  相似文献   

二十四年湖南之水灾与梅雨     

欧阳楚豪 《气象学报》1936,12(3):141-152

绪言湖南位北纬二十五度至三十度之间,为副热带区域;居荆楚邱陵之地,北有洞庭湖,广八百里,纳湘、资、沅、澧诸江以汇之;东西南三面,有罗霄、雪峯、五岭诸山环抱,其高均在二千公尺以下,南北寒暖气流,得以奔腾而入。每於春夏之交,南北季风交替之际,南来暖湿空气,与北下寒燥气流相遇於此,因以成云致雨辄数十日而不止,湿度甚大,物质多遭霉烂,盖即俗称霉雨时也(此时江南梅子黄熟,故又有黄梅雨之称)。因是雨量甚丰,农作物之生长赖焉。故俗  相似文献   

长沙县土地整理中心     

《国土资源导刊(湖南)》2009,(4)

长沙县位于湖南中东部，紧邻长沙市，属江南典型丘陵地区，全县处于东亚季风湿润区，气候温和，热量丰富，雨水充沛，四季分明，生长期长，适合水稻、茶、花卉苗木等多种作物生长。辖内土地总面积1997平方公里，人口73.8万，耕地总面积863431亩，基本农田768000亩，人均耕地1．17亩。  相似文献   

基于作物系数与水分生产函数的向日葵产量预测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

云文丽  侯琼  李建军  苗百岭  冯旭宇 《应用气象学报》2015,26(6):705-713

利用河套灌区向日葵2012年田间水分、分期播种试验数据和两个站点的农业气象历史资料,研究基于向日葵作物系数和水分生产函数的产量预测方法。结果表明:向日葵标准作物系数在生育期内的变化规律是前期小、中期大、后期小, 最高值为1.21, 出现在开花期。标准作物系数与出苗后日数和大于0℃积温有很好的二次和三次多项式关系,拟合优度在0.93以上。在分析相对叶面积指数和作物系数关系的基础上,提出标准作物系数的相对叶面积指数订正方法,得出河套灌区向日葵作物系数的动态计算式,为水分生产函数中实际蒸散量的计算提供支撑。建立以Jensen模型为基础的向日葵水分生产函数,得到对水分亏缺的敏感顺序从高到低是开花期、花序形成期、成熟期、苗期。综合应用向日葵作物系数方程和水分生产函数模型计算分期播种产量,与实际产量分别相差4.4%和4.1%,初步证明该文提出的方法对产量预测较为理想,在该地区具有很好的适用性。  相似文献   

基于Google Earth Engine和NDVI时序差异指数的作物种植区提取   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜伊兰  陈保旺  黄玉芳  崔佳琪  郭宇龙 《地球信息科学学报》2021,23(5):938-947

为提高农作物种植信息遥感监测的效率,扩展数据适用范围,本文提出了一种基于时间序列NDVI差异指数的作物种植区提取方法。随着海量遥感与云计算的发展,Google Earth Engine作为一个全球尺度地理空间分析云平台,弥补了单机计算耗时长的不足,为快速遥感分类带来了新机遇。基于Google Earth Engine平台,以河南省开封市杞县为研究区,以2019—2020年杞县地区多时相Sentinel-2影像为数据源,结合物候信息,根据不同作物在时间序列NDVI曲线上的差异构建NDVI时序差异指数,从而提取作物种植区,区分不同作物类型,并与其他方法进行了精度验证和对比。结果表明：① NDVI时序差异指数法以作物物候信息为基础,与GEE高性能的计算能力相结合,形成了作物种植信息快速提取框架,可以方便快捷地进行作物种植区提取,较本地处理具有明显优势;② 杞县冬小麦和大蒜种植区有明显的空间分异性,冬小麦种植区主要集中在研究区西北部以及南部的农村居民点周围,而杞县大蒜则由于产品流通需要,主要集中在研究区中部以及东北部,居民点较为密集,交通便利的城市周边;③ 与时间序列支持向量机法和最大似然法相比较, NDVI时序差异指数进行作物种植区提取的总体精度达到83.72%, Kappa系数为0.67,分别比最大似然法提高了10.02%和0.21,比支持向量机法提高了4.18%和0.09,表明该方法能更高效率,更高精度地提取作物种植信息,实现区域作物种植信息的高效准确监测。总体来看,该方法在一定程度上可拓展遥感数据在农业领域的应用范围,具有推广价值。  相似文献   

Elevation,slope aspect and integrated nutrient management effects on crop productivity and soil quality in North-west Himalayas,India     

Birendra Nath Ghosh  Narinder Kumar Sharma  Nurnabi Meherul Alam  Raman Jeet Singh  Gopal Prasad Juyal 《山地科学学报》2014,11(5):1208-1217

On farm bio-resource recycling has been given greater emphasis with the introduction of conservation agriculture specifically withclimate change scenarios in the mid-hills of the north-west Himalaya region（NWHR）. Under this changing scenario, elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） may affect significantly soil quality and crop productivity. A study was conducted during 2009-2010 to 2010-2011 at the Ashti watershed of NWHR in a rainfed condition to examine the influence of elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） on soil resource and crop productivity. Two years of farm demonstration trials indicated that crop productivity and soil quality is significantly affected by elevation, slope aspect and INM. Results showed that wheat equivalent yield（WEY） of improved technology increased crop productivity by -20%-37% compared to the conventional system. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-17%. North aspect and higher elevation increased crop productivity by 15%-25% compared to south aspect and low elevation（except paddy）. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-15%. Irrespective of slope, elevation and cropping system, the WEY increased by -30% in this region due to INMtechnology. The influence of elevation, slope aspect and INM significantly affected soil resources（SQI） and soil carbon change（SCC）. SCC is significantly correlated with SQI for conventional（R2 = 0.65＊）, INM technology（R2 = 0.81＊） and for both technologies（R2 = 0.73＊）. It is recommended that at higher elevation.（except for paddy soils） with a north facing slope, INM is recommended for higher crop productivity; conservation of soil resources is recommended for the mid hills of NWHR; and single values of SCC are appropriate as a SQI for this region.  相似文献   

Species richness,diversity and density of understory vegetation along disturbance gradients in the Himalayan conifer forest     

Kesang WANGCHUK  András DARABANT  Prem Bahadur RAI  Maria WURZINGER  Werner ZOLLITSCH  Georg GRATZER 《山地科学学报》2014,11(5):1182-1191

We investigated whether species richness, diversity and density of understory herbaceous plants differed along logging(gap) and grazing(primarily by cattle) disturbance gradients, and sought to identify drivers of richness, diversity and density of understory vegetation of logged sites. A factorial experiment was conducted in the mixed conifer forest of Gidakom in Western Bhutan. Levels of the logging treatment included small(0.15 – 0.24 ha), medium(0.25 – 0.35 ha) and large(0.36 – 1.31 ha) gaps. The grazing treatment included grazed(primarily by cattle) and ungrazed(where herbivores were excluded by a fence) plots nested within each gap. Data were collected from 12 gaps(4 replicates at each level of logging) using the point intercept method. Shannon Weaver Diversity and Margalef's indices were used to estimate species diversity and describe species richness, respectively. Soil samples were analyzed for pH and nutrients. The interaction effect of logging and grazing was significant(p≤0.001) only on species diversity. Relative to ungrazed areas, species diversity was significantly higher(0.01≤p≤0.05) in medium grazed gaps. Under grazed conditions, soil P was negatively correlated with gap size and species diversity. While species diversity was positivelycorrelated(0.01≤p≤0.05) with soil N in grazed plots species richness was positively correlated(0.001≤p≤0.01) with soil N in ungrazed plots. Relative density of Yushania microphylla and Carex nubigena were higher under ungrazed conditions. Our study suggests that the combined effect of cattle grazing and logging results in higher species diversity of understory vegetation in medium and grazed gaps in mixed conifer forests of Bhutan,whereas increase or decrease in relative density of major species is determined primarily by the independent effects of grazing and logging. From management perspective, forest managers must refrain from creating large gaps to avoid loss of nutrients(mainly P and N), which may eventually affect tree regeneration. Managers intending to maintain understory vegetation diversity must consider the combined effects of grazing and logging, ensuring low to moderate grazing pressure.  相似文献   

金城国土所：全力以赴抗旱保秋     

魏姗  韩琴 《河南国土资源》2014,(9):25-25

7月31日,博爱县金城乡东邱村东头玉米地里正在用机井抽水浇地的孙永利说,他们村里种的玉米、大豆等秋作物已经枯萎,大地龟裂。金城乡的蒋沟河、勒马河已经干涸,现在正在抽水浇地的是土地整理时打的机井。  相似文献   

遥感信息与作物模型结合在冬小麦区域模拟中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

郭建茂  王琦  施俊怡  郑腾飞  杨佳 《大气科学学报》2014,37(2):237-242

遥感数据与作物模型结合是当前农业信息技术应用研究的重要内容和发展趋势之一,能够解决单独利用遥感或作物模型无法解决的问题。为了开展大范围、区域性作物生长过程的模拟和产量预测,首先对作物模型WOFOST进行了订正和验证,使得调整后的模型适于模拟河南新乡县冬小麦生长;根据实际生产分三类情形模拟新乡县2002—2003年度冬小麦的生长发育状况;利用全生育期内能获取的Landsat-7 ETM+数据反演叶面积指数,结合WOFOST模型的模拟情况,确定每个像元对应的冬小麦的生长状况,从而在像元上实现了WOFOST模型对冬小麦生长的模拟;最后对照比较本研究方法的结果与当年新乡县冬小麦的统计情况,结果相近,验证了本文研究方法的技术可行性。  相似文献   

鱼类体色成因及调控研究进展     

李欢  桑卫国  段青源  杨家峰  汪杰  杨龙方  马金玲 《海洋科学》2014,38(8):109-115

<正>随着经济的快速发展和生活水平的不断提高,人们对高档鱼类的需求也日益增加。受自然条件的限制和人为因素的影响,野生鱼类捕获量在急剧下降,为解决供需矛盾,水产养殖业应运而生,但在高密度集约化养殖条件下,人工养殖的鱼类,其体色异常和肉质下降等问题频频出现,远不如野生品种。发生体色异常的鱼类以前是无鳞鱼,如黄鳝(Monopterus albus)、黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),  相似文献