兰州-西宁-银川城市带与西部开发   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13  

汪一鸣  杨汝万  吴永辉 《地理学报》2004,59(2):213-222

通过对有关城市、区域的统计分析,在评述兰州-西宁-银川城市带基本特征的基础上,重点讨论其在西部大开发中四个方面的地位作用：我国内陆腹地的战略要地和开发据点,沟通我国东西部间、我国与中亚、欧洲国家间的桥梁和纽带,保障国家资源安全的能源重化工基地和重要进口通道,保障国家生态安全的重点生态建设区。并针对其在内部结构、市场化、开放度方面的主要问题,指出其发展趋势和战略选择：加快城市带交通通道建设,将潜在资源优势转化为现实经济优势,创造局部优势投资环境和开放社会,重视教育、科技和生态建设。  相似文献   

新亚欧大陆桥新疆段环境灾害时空分维特征研究     

陈亚宁  杨思全 《地球科学进展》2000,15(2):143-146

基于区域自然灾害发生的随机性和不确定性,运用分形、混沌理论,对新亚欧大陆桥新疆段近38年的环境灾害受损次数进行了时空分维特征研究。结果表明陆桥新疆段受损状况不仅在时间序列上具有自相似性,其容量维Df在0.8302～1.437之间,而且在空间序列上也具有自相似性,存在明显分维结构,其信息维D1在0.0997～0.1272之间。灾害严重区段的容量维值较大,并且容量维值越大,灾害事件中等级的复杂程度就越高,这一特征将有助于认识灾害发生规律和动力学特征。  相似文献   

港珠澳大桥东人工岛岛隧结合部沉管安放区导流堤掩护效果水动力精细模拟     

何杰  高正荣  辛文杰  沙海明  朱方剑 《海洋工程》2019,37(5):89-98

港珠澳大桥东人工岛所在海域受水下地形和近岸边界影响呈"涨潮NE向、落潮SW向"的往复流特点,东人工岛岛隧结合部沉管基槽水域在岛头挑流作用下涨潮流呈N向流动。根据岛隧结合部区域的水流运动特征,制订了基槽掩护区南北两侧"非对称"型的双导流堤掩护措施。建立基槽局部水域的三维水流数学模型,模拟岛隧结合部水流运动的三维特征,对导流堤实施后的掩护效果进行水动力仿真模拟。研究结果表明:基槽掩护区内流速大幅减弱,E33管节基槽的人工整平段最大流速在0.5 m/s以内,整平船施工段最大流速不超过0.8 m/s,E33管节各区流速均能满足沉管安装的水流条件。为安全起见,E33管节沉放安装时机适合选在潮流动力较弱的小潮期。  相似文献   

NF-GMDH-Based self-organized systems to predict bridge pier scour depth under debris flow effects     

Mohammad Najafzadeh  Farid Saberi-Movahed  Saeed Sarkamaryan 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(5):589-602

Existence of debris structures inevitably ascends the rate of scour process around bridge piers and flow area not only lead into remarkable deviation of flow but also increase the velocity around bridge piers. A myriad of experimental and field studies to understand effective parameters on the scour depth with debris effects were conducted. To reach permissible values of the scour depth for the practical uses, relationships extracted in previous investigations suffer from lack of generalization for experimental data ranges. In this way, neuro-fuzzy group method of data handling (NF-GMDH)-based self-organized models is applied to evaluate the pier scour depth. In this study, NF-GMDH network is implemented using evolutionary algorithms listed particle swarm optimization (PSO), gravitational search algorithm (GSA), and genetic algorithm (GA). In all, 243 experimental datasets including a wide range of input and output parameters to develop the proposed models were compiled from various literature. The efficiency of NF-GMDH networks for training and testing stages was perused. NF-GMDH-PSO model provided the scour depth with more precise predictions (root mean squared error (RMSE)?=?0.388 and scatter index (SI)?=?0.343) in comparison with NF-GMDH-GA (RMSE?=?0.402 and SI?=?0.361) and NF-GMDH-GSA (RMSE?=?0.456 and SI?=?0.407) networks. In addition, blockage ratio (ΔA) was taken into account as the most sumptuous parameter with utmost level of effectiveness using the sensitivity analysis.  相似文献   

Characterization of horseshoe vortex in a developing scour hole at a cylindrical bridge pier   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dawei Guan  Yee-Meng Chiew  Maoxing Wei  Shih-Chun Hsieh 《国际泥沙研究》2019,34(2):118-124

Since local scour at bridge piers in rivers and estuaries is a major cause of bridge failure, estimation of the maximum local scour depth is of great importance to hydraulic and coastal engineers. Although numerous studies that focus on scour-depth prediction have been done and published, understanding of the flow and turbulence characteristics of the horseshoe vortex that drives the scour mechanism in a developing scour hole still is immature. This study aims to quantify the detailed turbulent flow field in a developing clear-water scour hole at a circular pier using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The distributions of velocity fields, turbulence intensities, and Reynolds shear stresses of the horseshoe vortex that form in front of the pier at different scour stages (t = 0, 0.5, 1, 12, 24, and 48?h) are presented in this paper. During scour development, the horseshoe vortex system was found to evolve from one initially small vortex to three vortices. The strength and size of the main vortex are found to increase with increasing scour depth. The regions of both the maximum turbulence intensity and Reynolds shear stress are found to form at a location upstream of the main vortex, where the large turbulent eddies have the highest possibility of occurrence. Results from this study not only provide new insight into the complex flow-sediment interaction at bridge piers, but also provide valuable experimental databases for advanced numerical simulations.  相似文献   

Bridging equity? Washington,D.C.’s new elevated park as a test case for just planning     

Nufar Avni 《Urban geography》2019,40(4):488-505

In the last decade, justice has been revived as a primary criterion for the analysis and evaluation of planning policies. This paper continues this line of research by examining a proposed redevelopment project in Washington, D.C. that sets equitable development as its goal . The proposed 11th Street Bridge Park would be a top-notch elevated park, physically and symbolically connecting D.C’s wealthy west with the disadvantaged east. The project is managed by a nonprofit organization and seemingly stands out in its progressive vision: An Equitable Development Plan has been developed in an attempt to secure the future of the local residents in light of the neighborhood's anticipated gentrification. However, preliminary findings show that despite explicit commitment to equity, the planning of the park also resurfaces racial and class tensions . The analysis of procedural and substantive aspects of justice in this case suggests that issues of recognition, power and representation are instrumental to fully understand urban (in)justices.  相似文献   

Shaking Table Tests on Bridge Foundation Reinforced by Anti-slide Piles on Slope     

ZHOU Heng  SU Qian  LIU Jie  YUE Fei 《中国地震研究》2019,33(3):514-524

Based on the requirement of seismic reinforcement of bridge foundation on slope in the Chengdu-Lanzhou railway project, a shaking table model test of anti-slide pile protecting bridge foundation in landslide section is designed and completed. By applying Wenchuan seismic waves with different acceleration peaks, the stress and deformation characteristics of bridge pile foundation and anti-slide pile are analyzed, and the failure mode is discussed. Results show that the dynamic response of bridge pile and anti-slide pile are affected by the peak value of seismic acceleration of earthquake, with which the stress and deformation of the structure increase. The maximum dynamic earth pressure and the moment of anti-slide piles are located near the sliding surface, while that of bridge piles are located at the top of the pile. Based on the dynamic response of structure, local reinforcement needs to be carried out to meet the requirement of the seismic design. The PGA amplification factor of the surface is greater than the inside, and it decreases with the increase of the input seismic acceleration peak. When the slope failure occurs, the tension cracks are mainly produced in the shallow sliding zone and the coarse particles at the foot of the slope are accumulated.  相似文献   

高密度电法在厦-成高速公路段四川大田头大桥勘察中的应用     

张治川  田玉福  马子宁  李正 《四川地质学报》2011,(4):493-495

高密度电法是一种以地球物理为基础,集电剖面和电测深为一体,采用高密度布点,进行二维地电断面测量,研究地下介质体电阻率差异的一种勘查技术.在此,以厦门至成都公路四川境川黔界至纳溪段高速公路C9合同段大田头大桥为例,介绍了高密度电法的基本原理及其在勘查中的应用效果.  相似文献   

Ecological environment response of benthic foraminifera to heavy metals and human engineering: A case study from Jiaozhou Bay,China     

Jing-yi Cong  Hai-yan Long  Yong Zhang  Nan Wang 《China Geology》2022,5(1):12-25

The estuary and coastal zone are the key areas for socio-economic development,and they are also the important channels for pollutants transported to the sea.The construction of the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge changed the hydrodynamic condition of the bay,which made the self-purification capacity of the bay weakened and the pollution in the estuary and adjacent coastal zone become more serious.In this study,55 surface sediment samples were collected from the three seriously polluted estuaries and the adjacent coastal zone of Jiaozhou Bay to comprehensively study how the benthic foraminifera response to heavy metal pollution and human engineering,and to assess the ecological risks of the bay.A total of 80 species,belonging to 42 genera,were identified in this study.The results showed that Cu,Pb,Cr,Hg,Zn,and As had low to median ecological risks in the study area which would definitely affect the ecological system.The construction of the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge has resulted in pollutants accumulated at the river mouth of Loushan River,which has adverse effects on the survival and growth of benthic foraminifera.The lowest population density and diversity as well as the highest FAI(Foraminiferal Abnormality Index)and FMI(Foraminiferal Monitoring Index)occurred at Loushan River Estuary which indicated that the ecological environment of the northeastern part of Jiaozhou Bay(Loushan River Estuary)had been seriously damaged.Licun River and Haipo River estuaries and the adjacent coastal zone were slightly polluted and had low ecological risk.As a consequence,it suggested that the supervision of industrial and domestic waste discharge and the protection of the ecological environment in northeast Jiaozhou Bay should be paid more attention.  相似文献   

桃夭门大桥基岩长周期设计反应谱          下载免费PDF全文

梁小华  蒋溥 《地震地质》2004,26(4):772-783

文中结合舟山市桃夭门大桥抗震设计在长周期频段的需要,研究分析了桃夭门大桥场地基本地震地质环境特点和长周期地面运动谱的研究现状,从强震记录长周期分量信息特点出发,以强震记录为基础,选用了11个有代表性的M≥65的强震,共72条强震地面运动记录,参照核法规HAF0101(1)特定场地谱的确定方法,通过统计分析建立了以均值反应谱为基础的长周期反应谱  相似文献