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Modes of Mesoscale Convective System Organization During Meiyu Season over the Yangtze River Basin 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mesoscale convective systems （MCSs） are classified and investigated through a statistical analysis of composite radar reflectivity data and station observations during June and July 2010-2012. The number of linear-mode MCSs is slightly larger than the number of nonlinear-mode MCSs. Eight types of linear-mode MCSs are identified： trailing stratiform MCSs （TS）, leading stratiform MCSs （LS）, training line/adjoining stratiform MCSs （TL/AS）, back-building/quasi-stationary MCSs （BB）, parallel stratiform MCSs （PS）, bro- ken line MCSs （BL）, embedded line MCSs （EL）, and long line MCSs （LL）. Six of these types have been identified in previous studies, but EL and LL MCSs are described for the first time by this study. TS, LS, PS, and BL MCSs are all moving systems, while TL/AS, BB, EL, and LL MCSs are quasi-stationary. The average duration of linear-mode MCSs is more than 7 h. TL/AS and TS MCSs typically have the longest durations. Linear-mode MCSs often develop close to the Yangtze River, especially over low-lying areas and river valleys. The diurnal cycle of MCS initiation over the Yangtze River valley contains multiple peaks. The vertical distribution of environmental wind is decomposed into storm-relative perpendicular and parallel wind components. The environmental wind field is a key factor in determining the organizational mode of a linear-mode MCS. 相似文献
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WANG Yunfeng WANG Bin HAN Yueqi ZHU Min HOU Zhiming ZHOU Yi LIU Yudi KOU Zheng 《大气科学进展》2004,21(4):587-596
The numerical forecasts of mei-yu front rainstorms in China has been an important issue. The intensity and pattern of the frontal rainfall are greatly influenced by the initial fields of the numerical model. The 4-dimensional variational data assimilation technology (4DVAR) can effectively assimilate all kinds of observed data, including rainfall data at the observed stations, so that the initial fields and the precipitation forecast can both be greatly improved. The non-hydrostatic meso-scale model (MM5) and its adjoint model are used to study the development of the mei-yu front rainstorm from 1200 UTC 25 June to 0600 UTC 26 June 1999. By numerical simulation experiments and assimilation experiments, the T106 data and the observed 6-hour rainfall data are assimilated. The influences of many factors, such as the choice of the assimilated variables and the weighting coefficient, on the precipitation forecast results are studied. The numerical results show that 4DVAR is valuable and important to mei-yu front rainfall prediction. 相似文献
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The strong heavy rainfall on 3-5 July 2003 causing the severe flooding in Huaihe River basin (HRB), China is studied. It is noted that there are sometimes mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) in East Asia during the mei-yu season. Simulation results from the ARPS (Advanced Regional Prediction) data analysis system (ADAS) and WRF model were used to study the development of the mesoscale convective system (MCS) and mesoscale convective vortex (MCV). It is confirmed that the MCV formed during the development of a... 相似文献
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江淮梅雨季节强降雨过程特征分析 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
为了便于识别梅雨季节江淮地区的强降雨过程,促进汛期强降雨过程的预报方法研究,使用中国国家级地面气象站逐日观测资料,提出了一种划分江淮梅雨季节强降雨过程的客观方法,并对江淮梅雨季节内强降雨过程的特征进行了分析。结果表明:该方法能有效划分出江淮梅雨季节的强降雨过程,划分结果与预报业务中的划分结果具有较高的一致性,便于在业务中应用。在江淮梅雨季节内,梅雨期的强降雨过程存在明显的年际变化且与梅雨强、弱密切相关,强梅雨年具有较多的强降雨过程以及过程累积强降雨日,强梅雨年的强降雨过程具有持续性、反复性和频发性的特征。弱梅雨年则相反。近56年来梅雨期强降雨过程累积雨量在整个江淮地区有线性增加的趋势,且江苏南部至浙江北部地区雨量增大的趋势最为显著。梅雨期强降雨过程累积雨量及雨日的空间分布是一致的,最大区域中心均位于安徽西南部、江西东北部及湖北东部等地。按照此客观划分方法确定的梅雨期的强降雨过程累积雨量与梅雨期总雨量具有较为相似的时空变化特征。 相似文献
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Recent advances in Global Positioning System （GPS） remote sensing technology allow for a direct estimation of the precipitable water vapor （PWV） from delayed signals transmitted by GPS satellites, which can be assimilated into numerical models with four-dimensional variational （4DVAR） data assimilation. A mesoscale model and its 4DVAR system are used to access the impacts of assimilating GPS-PWV and hourly rainfall observations on the short-range prediction of a heavy rainfall event on 20 June 2002. The heavy precipitation was induced by a sequence of meso-β-scale convective systems （MCS） along the mei-yu front in China. The experiments with GPS-PWV assimilation cluster and also eliminated the erroneous rainfall successfully simulated the evolution of the observed MCS systems found in the experiment without 4DVAR assimilation. Experiments with hourly rainfall assimilation performed similarly both on the prediction of MCS initiation and the elimination of erroneous systems, however the MCS dissipated much sooner than it did in observations. It is found that the assimilation-induced moisture perturbation and mesoscale low-level jet are helpful for the MCS generation and development. It is also discovered that spurious gravity waves may post serious limitations for the current 4DVAR algorithm, which would degrade the assimilation efficiency, especially for rainfall data. Sensitivity experiments with different observations, assimilation windows and observation weightings suggest that assimilating GPS-PWV can be quite effective, even with the assimilation window as short as 1 h. On the other hand, assimilating rainfall observations requires extreme cautions on the selection of observation weightings and the control of spurious gravity waves. 相似文献
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Diurnal variations of two mountain-plain solenoid （MPS） circulations associated with ＂first-step＂ terrain [Tibetan Plateau （TP）] and ＂second-step＂ terrain （high mountains between the TP and ＂east plains＂） in China and their influence on the south west vortex （SWV） and the mei-yu front vortex （MYFV） were investigated via a semi-idealized mesoscale numerical model [Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF）] simulation integrated with ten-day average fields （mei-yu period of 1-10 July 2007）. The simulations successfully reproduced two MPS circulations related to first and second-step terrain, diurnal vari- ations from the eastern edge of the TP to the Yangtze River-Huaihe River valleys （YHRV）, and two precipitation maximum centers related to the SWV, MYFV. Analyses of the averaged final seven-day simulation showed the different diurnal peaks of precipitation at different regions： from the aftemoon to early evening at the eastern edge of the TP; in the early evening to the next early morning in the Sichuan Basin （SCB）; and in the late evening to the next early morning over the mei-yu front （MYF）. Analyses of individual two-day cases confirmed that the upward branches of the nightlime MPS circulations enhanced the precipitation over the SWV and the MYFV and revealed that the eastward extension of the SWV and its con vection were conducive to triggering the MYFVs. The eastward propagation of a rainfall streak from the eastern edge of the TP to the eastern coastal region was primarily due to a series of convective activities of several systems from west to east, including the MPS between the TP and SCB, the SWV, the MPS between second-step terrain and tile east plains, and the MYFV. 相似文献
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为了建立长江中下游地区梅雨季节的新样本,采用以环流为主导的常规方法,利用NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料及长江中下游5站降水资料,对2006年长江中下游地区梅雨季节的特征量进行了诊断分析,并讨论了梅雨与夏季风的关系。结果表明,将6月5候和7月4候分别划为2006年长江中下游地区梅雨季节的起始和结束时间是较为合适的;2006年长江中下游地区梅雨季节对应的梅雨量较常年偏少,这与梅雨季节中印度夏季风和东亚夏季风（包括南海夏季风和副热带夏季风）强度较常年偏弱有关。 相似文献
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析了2002年夏季上海GPS综合应用网（简称SGCAN）的观测数据,实时处理中直接利用IGS（International GPS Service）超快速产品IGU（the Ultrarapid orbit of IGS）轨道,在长基线辅助下考虑海潮的影响,得到了可靠的可降水汽量（简称PWV）序列,监测结果与加密的Radiosonde观测比较,偏差为2mm左右. 与MM5预报可降水量的比较说明GPS监测结果可以作为检验数值预报质量的工具之一. 2002年夏季SGCAN监测的PWV时空变化过程反映了长江三角洲地区从西南到东北的详细入梅雨过程和特点,以及整个梅雨季节雨带在江淮地区来回摆动的情况. 一小时雨量与GPS/PWV锋值的对应关系统计表明GPS/PWV对雷暴雨具有一定的短期预报特性. 利用Cressman分析方法把GPS/PWV插值到中尺度数值预报模式初始场的各个格点上,改进了数值预报初始湿度场的精度,提高了中尺度数值预报的准确性,反映了GPS/PWV促进雷暴雨数值预报能力的潜力. 相似文献