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南海西沙西南海域表层沉积物特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
西沙西南海域表层沉积物样品矿物成分，地球化学，微体古生物分析测试结果表明：沉积物可分为７种类型，沉积环境主要是陆坡，部分为深海平原，海洋生物，海洋化学以及火山物质的沉积起到了积极的作用，陆源物质的影响较小，它们主要来源于北部大陆和南部岛礁等物源区。 相似文献
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Dave Lazarus 《Mathematical Geology》1994,26(7):817-832
Marine micropaleontology must in the future provide more precise chronologic and paleoenvironmental information, which in turn must be based on better, more consistent taxonomic and distributional data. Better tools for synthesis and standardization of this data are needed, as the ever expanding published literature is rapidly becoming unmanageable by purely manual compilation methods. The micropaleontology group at the ETH has developed a large relational database of marine microfossil data to partially meet this need. It currently contains biogeographic data on the distribution in Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) holes of nearly 8,000 species of Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera, radiolaria, diatoms and calcareous nannofossils. The database also includes full stratigraphic occurrence (range chart) data for these fossil groups from more than 100 selected Neogene holes. A particular feature of the database is that all sample information and species names in the original reports are linked to newly created, updatable, comprehensive age models and synonymy lists which reflect modern chronology and taxonomic usage. Searches of the database automatically make use of this information in producing reports. Species ' occurrences, including first and last occurrence information, can be further analyzed using external spreadsheet and statistics packages; plotted by mapping programs; or displayed by a new program which creates composite age-range charts. 相似文献
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微体生物和它们的化石在研究现代风暴和古风暴沉积方面是一个很好和有效的指标。本文综述了国内外近几十年来有关海洋风暴沉积研究中微体生物的应用。目前主要的研究成果集中在对古风暴层有孔虫、硅藻的研究上,而孢粉方面的研究较少。应用微体化石揭示地质历史时期古风暴的发生频率已较为成熟。但未来需提高古风暴重建的可靠性、准确性和精确性,以及探讨微体化石记录与风暴强度之间的相关关系。有关现代风暴过程中微体生物的研究稍显逊色,研究程度较低。了解现代风暴过程中不同沉积环境下微体生物的沉积特征、面貌,它们的形成和保存机制等将成为未来的研究热点和方向。 相似文献
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从微体古生物研究探讨良渚文化突然消亡原因 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
对广富林遗址05SGIT1240探方样品、马桥遗址05MMT4探方样品进行了孢粉、藻类研究,并根据孢粉、藻类成分特征,发现在良渚文化后期样品中水生植物花粉香蒲(Typha)、莎草科(Cyperaceae)、禾本科(Gramineae)中的芦苇及水生的蕨类植物槐叶萍(Salvinia)等有较多数量,淡水生的藻类环纹藻(Concentricystes)、双星藻(Zegnema)也相当丰富.结合有孔虫研究及前人巳有的资料,我们推测太湖地区良诸文化突然消亡的原因是由水泛造成的. 相似文献
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Quantitative and semiquantitative proxy data based on more than 200 core-top samples and 100 deep-sea cores lead to important new insights about late Quaternary changes in paleo-oceanography, climate and microfaunal habitats in the north-eastern North Atlantic and Nordic Seas, insights resulting from a detailed investigation by the Kiel research project SFB 313/132 summarized in this paper. Planktonic foraminifera species provide reliable tracers of past sea surface temperatures and currents. The genus Beella in particular was found to trace subtropical water masses up to the far north. Benthic foraminifera species served as sensors of bottom currents and local flux rates of organic matter. New orders of time resolution are reached via stable isotope stratigraphy and accelerator mass spectrometry carbon-14 dating, allowing the identification of meltwater events lasting a few hundred years and shorter, a time range where, however, the yet unquantified role of bioturbation presents a growing problem. Based on this high-resolution stratigraphy a number of time slices (synoptic time intervals) are defined to reconstruct the incursion of Atlantic water masses, to map paleocurrent patterns within the Nordic Seas and the north-eastern North Atlantic and to test alternative circulation models — for example, for the last glacial maximum (LGM) and various meltwater episodes. These are clearly coeval with Dansgaard-Oeschger events found in Greenland ice cores, with the actual cause of the flickering climate as yet unknown. Likewise, there is ongoing controversy about the extent of past sea-ice cover and about possible changes from the present anti-estuarine to estuarine mode of deep water exchange between the North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas during the LGM. South of Iceland, however, the history of deep water renewal over the last glacial cycle covering the last 30000 years was largely deciphered. 相似文献
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地质历史时期曾发过许多对生命的演化进程造成过重大影响与制约的全球性地质事件,白垩纪—古近纪就是一个重大地质事件频发的时期。随着冈瓦纳大陆在中生代时期的解体,全球海陆格局发生了根本的变化,地球的表层和岩石圈层均发生了重大的改变,由此引发了构造运动空前活跃,发生过诸如大洋缺氧事件(OAE)、大洋富氧事件(CORBs)、白垩纪/古近纪(K/Pg)生物大灭绝事件、古新世—始新世极热(PETM)事件、印度-亚洲板块碰撞、新特提斯洋的演化及最终消亡等一系列的全球性重大地质事件。对这些重大地质事件的研究,有助于加深我们对古海洋、古地理、古环境的认识。尝试追踪和捕捉这些重大地质事件,恢复和重建古地理,其基础是建立精确的年代地层格架。西藏南部保存了中国最为完整的海相白垩纪—古近纪沉积,完整地记录了上述的全球性重大地质事件,通过对札达、岗巴、定日、亚东、江孜、萨嘎和吉隆等地区高分辨率浮游和底栖有孔虫、介形虫、钙质超微化石和放射虫生物地层学研究,可直接约束全球性重大地质事件发生的时间,并为重建新特提斯洋古海洋环境和古地理提供证据。此外,在重大地质环境突变期间生物的演化过程,也可为探明极端环境变化发生时期气候-环境-生物之间的协同演化关系提供证据。本文系统总结了课题组为主的近年来对藏南白垩纪—古近纪海相地层中微体古生物学的研究成果及重要进展,并对未来研究提出展望。 相似文献
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Byung-Su Lee 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(1):35-45
Abundant conodont elements have been recovered from the Hwajeol Formation, to allow five zones to be erected: Proconodontus, Eoconodontus notchpeakensis, Cambrooistodus minutus, Cordylodus proavus, and Fryxellodontus inornatus-Monocostodus sevierensis-Semiacontiodus lavadamensis zones, in ascending order. More confident biozones are recognized in the Sesong Slate and lower Hwajeol Formation in the Makgol section, a part of the southern limb of the Baekunsan syncline, Taebaeksan Basin, Korea, especially focusing on the conodont biostratigraphic boundary of two units, and the subdivision potential of the previous "Proconodontus Zone", lowermost biozone of the Hwajeol Formation. Similarly, only a few conodont elements recovered from upper 14.5 m interval, namely the Furongian portion of the Sesong Slate, in the Makgol section did not allow erection of a biozone. Nevertheless, this part of the unit plus the basal 2.5 m interval of the Hwajeol Formation is characterized by the occurrence of Prooneotodus rotundatus(Druce and Jones), Teridontus nakamurai(Nogami), Phakelodus elongatus(An) and Phakelodus tenuis Müller. This interval marks the early Furongian "Prooneotodus rotundatus Zone". The rest of the measured section yielded relatively abundant conodonts, so three conodont biozones are proposed, based on the successive appearance of key species: Proconodontus tenuiserratus, Proconodontus posterocostatus, and Proconodontus muelleri zones, in ascending order, and thus allowing subdivision of the previous "Proconodontus Zone". The four conodont biozones are correlated with the relevant biozones of North and South China, and North America. 相似文献
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柴达木盆地西部已找到17个第三系油源的油田，其主要烃源岩层位是陆相始新统下干柴沟组。也有论文提出下干柴沟组是海侵湖泊沉积，并被命名为下干柴沟海侵。最近又有论文提出该组地层不是深湖相，应属于泻湖相，是塔里木盆地西南始新世海湾泻湖相带被阿尔金断裂东错的残留泻湖部分，或塔里木盆地原型盆地的东部被错移部分，并提出重新认识柴达木盆地西部的油气勘探方向。本文针对上述观点展示了塔里木盆地西部海湾古新统-始新统的吐依洛克组、阿尔塔什组、齐姆根组、盖吉塔格组、卡拉塔尔组的沉积相和典型的海相生物化石群，它完全不同于柴达木盆地古新统-始新统的路乐河组和下干柴沟组沉积相和陆相湖泊生物化石群，两者是截然不同的。不能支持柴达木盆地西部与塔里木盆地西南海湾在老第三纪时属于同一盆地或同一沉积单元。“源控论”依然是指导柴达木盆地西部陆相沉积油气勘探的理论依据。把塔里木盆地西南已知油气田的烃源岩划归老第三系海相沉积，显然是误解，把塔里木盆地西南老第三系海相油气勘探部署推广到柴达木盆地西部陆相沉积区也是一种误导。科学的古地理观将有助于勘探工作的正确部署。 相似文献
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南黄海中部沉积岩芯的微体古生物组合特征及古环境演化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文分析测定南黄海中部两个沉积物柱状样中的有孔虫、介形虫和“C年代，对其微体古生物组合特征、沉积环境和地层年代进行了初步的探讨。有孔虫组合表明研究海域为近岸一浅海环境，其含量从下到上由缺失到出现近岸、浅海有孔虫，反映了沉积环境由陆相到滨岸相、浅海相环境的变迁；孢粉组合反映的古气候也同样经历了针、阔叶混交林一草原，到阔叶林或以阔叶树为主的针、落叶混交林的变化，反映出气候由冷干到暖干的特点。研究结果表明，所研究的柱状样沉积物下部形成于晚更新世晚期，上部属于全新世。 相似文献
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微体古生物微型计算机辅助研究系统 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
微体古生物微型计算机辅助研究系统是一个包括古生物化石属种数据厍、图象库、图象处理和数据采集系统以及定量分析系统在内的综合性古生物数据处理系统。其中,数据库和图象库的主要作用在于辅助化石鉴定。目前数据库和图象库包括了新生代浮游有孔虫1036个种的文字和图象资料。数据库和定量分析系统之间的数据传送非常方便,实现了对大批量古生物数据的定量分析,包括聚类分析、因子分析、瓦格纳网络分析、个体发育分析以及各种统计方法,这些分析程序都配制了相应的绘图功能,使分析结果能以直观的形式输出。定量分析有助于我们对一些“同物异名”和“异物同名”问题的厘定,并由此产生对分类问题的一些新认识。同时,定量分析有助于从定量的角度考查新生代浮游有孔虫的整体变化。 相似文献
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