A 560–440 ka tephra record from the Mercure Basin,southern Italy: volcanological and tephrostratigraphic implications          下载免费PDF全文

BIAGIO GIACCIO  PAOLO GALLI  EDOARDO PERONACE  ILENIA ARIENZO  SEBASTIEN NOMADE  GIAN PAOLO CAVINATO  MARCO MANCINI  PAOLO MESSINA  GIANLUCA SOTTILI 《第四纪科学杂志》2014,29(3):232-248

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PLS RESPONSE SURFACE OPTIMIZATION:THE CARSO PROCEDURE     

SERGIO CLEMENTI  GABRIELE CRUCIANI  GIANLUCA CURTI  BERT SKAGERBERG 《地理学报(英文版)》1989,(2)

The paper presents a procedure to obtain response surfaces with non-designed data.The method is basedon PLS modelling of the expanded X-matrix followed by transformation of the PLS loadings intopolynomial coefficients and detection of the co-ordinates of the best response within the experimentaldomain.The results are presented both graphically and numerically.The procedure is validated on anoptimization study of the yield of an organic reaction.  相似文献   

Vertical profiling of Saharan dust with Raman lidars and airborne HSRL in southern Morocco during SAMUM     

By MATTHIAS TESCHE  ALBERT ANSMANN  DETLEF MÜLLER  DIETRICH ALTHAUSEN  INA MATTIS  BIRGIT HEESE  VOLKER FREUDENTHALER  MATTHIAS WIEGNER  MICHAEL ESSELBORN  GIANLUCA PISANI  PETER KNIPPERTZ 《Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology》2009,61(1):144-164

Three ground-based Raman lidars and an airborne high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) were operated during SAMUM 2006 in southern Morocco to measure height profiles of the volume extinction coefficient, the extinction-to-backscatter ratio and the depolarization ratio of dust particles in the Saharan dust layer at several wavelengths. Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) Sun photometer observations and radiosoundings of meteorological parameters complemented the ground-based activities at the SAMUM station of Ouarzazate. Four case studies are presented. Two case studies deal with the comparison of observations of the three ground-based lidars during a heavy dust outbreak and of the ground-based lidars with the airborne lidar. Two further cases show profile observations during satellite overpasses on 19 May and 4 June 2006. The height resolved statistical analysis reveals that the dust layer top typically reaches 4–6 km height above sea level (a.s.l.), sometimes even 7 km a.s.l.. Usually, a vertically inhomogeneous dust plume with internal dust layers was observed in the morning before the evolution of the boundary layer started. The Saharan dust layer was well mixed in the early evening. The 500 nm dust optical depth ranged from 0.2–0.8 at the field site south of the High Atlas mountains, Ångström exponents derived from photometer and lidar data were between 0–0.4. The volume extinction coefficients (355, 532 nm) varied from 30–300 Mm⁻¹ with a mean value of 100 Mm⁻¹ in the lowest 4 km a.s.l.. On average, extinction-to-backscatter ratios of 53–55 sr (±7–13 sr) were obtained at 355, 532 and 1064 nm.  相似文献