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Eight microsatellite markers were used to analyze genetic diversity, level of inbreeding, and effective population size of spawner and recaptured populations of Chinese shrimp(Fenneropenaeus chinensis) during stock enhancement in the Bohai Bay in 2013. A total of 254 and 238 alleles were identified in the spawner and recaptured populations, respectively, and the numbers of alleles(N_a) were 8–63 and 6–60, respectively. The numbers of effective alleles(N_e) were 2.52–21.60 and 2.67–20.72, respectively. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.529 to 0.952. The observed heterozygosity(H_o) values(0.638–0.910 and 0.712–0.927) were lower than the expected heterozygosity(H_e) values(0.603–0.954 and 0.625–0.952), which indicated that the two populations possessed a rich genetic diversity. In 16 tests(2 populations×8 loci), 13 tests deviated from the HardyWeinberg equilibrium. F_(is) values were positive at seven loci and the inbreeding coefficients(F) of the two populations estimated by trio ML were 13.234% and 11.603%, suggesting that there was a relatively high degree of inbreeding. A certain level of inbreeding depression had occurred in the Chinese shrimp population. F_(st) values ranged from 0 to 0.059, with a mean of 0.028, displaying a low level of genetic differentiation in the two populations. Effective population sizes(3 060.2 and 3 842.8) were higher than the minimum number suggested for retaining the evolutionary potential to adapt to new environmental conditions. For enhancement activity in 2014,the ideal number of captured shrimp spawners should have ranged from 7 686 to 19 214 to maintain genetic diversity and effective population size. Further strategies to adjust the balance of economic cost, fishing effort and ideal number of shrimp spawners to maintain a satisfactory effective population size for ensuring the sustainability of Chinese shrimp are proposed. 相似文献
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为探究褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)幼鱼在悬浮物胁迫下的耐受机制,以两种规格褐牙鲆为实验材料,在悬浮物质量浓度为5 000,10 000mg/L胁迫下,研究了褐牙鲆肌肉中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)酶活力及SOD2、GST、CAT的mRNA转录水平的变化情况。实验结果显示:T-SOD酶活力具有一定的变化趋势,B幼鱼T-SOD酶活力呈现先升高、再降低、再升高的趋势,SOD2基因相对表达量在第48小时达到峰值(P0.05),两种幼鱼T-SOD基因相对表达变化趋势在第72小时和第96小时相反;CAT酶活力呈现先升高、再降低的趋势,A幼鱼及5 000mg/L实验组B幼鱼CAT基因相对表达与CAT酶活力变化趋势一致;B幼鱼GST酶活力实验组低于对照组(P0.05),GST基因相对表达量在第24小时和第48小时实验组高于对照组(P0.05)、在第72小时和第96小时实验组与对照组无显著差异。研究结果表明:悬浮物对褐牙鲆抗氧化酶活力及相关基因的表达具有一定的影响;不同体长规格的褐牙鲆抗氧化酶活力及相关基因的表达存在差异;TSOD酶活力、GST酶活力与相关基因表达量变化趋势不一致,CAT酶活力与相关基因表达量变化趋势一致。本研究可为揭示褐牙鲆应对悬浮物胁迫的耐受机制及褐牙鲆耐悬浮物品种选育提供基础数据。 相似文献
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实验室条件下研究了光照强度及周期性波动对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活力的影响。实验设60、600、1500、3000和6000 1x5个恒定光照组,以及600~60 1x、1500~601x、3000~60 1x和6000~60 1x 4个光照强度周期性突变组。结果发现,凡纳滨对虾肌肉中Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活力具有明显的昼夜节律,但不同光照模式下其规律性有所差异;较大幅度的光照强度突变导致对虾Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活力先迅速上升,然后缓慢下降,最后缓慢回升;不同光照模式下,对虾Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活力均值有所差异,其中1500 1x组对虾Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活力值均值最低,这可能是对虾处于1种生理平衡状态,离子运输和渗透压调节保持在较低水平;较大幅度的光照强度突变处理组中对虾的Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活力均值要显著小于其对应的恒定光照处理组,其主要原因可能与机体的代谢及相关酶的功效不同有关。 相似文献
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