Influence of Stress on Void Ratios of Compacted Crushed Rock Masses in Coal Mine Gobs     

Hu  Shengyong  Han  Dandan  Feng  Guorui  Zhang  Ao  Hao  Guocai  Hu  Lanqing  Zhu  Liping  Li  Bo 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(2):1361-1373

The transfer and evolution of stress among rock blocks directly change the void ratios of crushed rock masses and affect the flow of methane in coal mine gobs. In this study, a Lagrange framework and a discrete element method, along with the soft-sphere model and EDEM numerical software, were used. The compaction processes of rock blocks with diameters of 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 m were simulated with the degrees of compression set at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. This study examines the influence of stress on void ratios of compacted crushed rock masses in coal mine gobs. The results showed that stress was mainly transmitted downward through strong force chains. As the degree of compression increased, the strong force chains extended downward, which resulted in the stress at the upper rock mass to become significantly higher than that at the lower rock mass. It was determined that under different degrees of compression, the rock mass of coal mine gobs could be divided, from the bottom to the top, into a lower insufficient compression zone (ICZ) and an upper sufficient compression zone (SCZ). From bottom to top, the void ratios in the ICZ sharply decreased and those in the SCZ slowly decreased. Void ratios in the ICZ were 1.2–1.7 times higher than those in the SCZ.

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Characterization of Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) Skin and the Extracted Acid-Soluble Collagen     

SUN Jianan  ZHANG Jingjing  ZHAO Dandan  XUE Changhu  LIU Zhen  MAO Xiangzhao 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(3)

The biochemical composition of the turbot skin was investigated. The moisture level of the skin was found to be 51.4%. Based on dry matter content, there were relatively high protein(82.1%) and lipid(13.1%) concentrations in the turbot skin. Mineral element analysis revealed that the turbot skin had high Ca content(2069.0 mg kg-1), and the concentrations of toxic heavy metals Hg and Pb were less than 0.005 mg kg-1, which indicates that the turbot skin is a safe resource for collagen production. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) analysis showed that acid-soluble collagen(ASC) extracted from the turbot skin was type-I collagen. The imino acid content of the ASC was 241.6 per 1000 amino acids, which suggests a relatively high denaturation temperature. The Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra of ASC reflected a highly stable structure, and the measured denaturation temperature of ASC was 29.5℃, which is higher than those from many temperate fishes. ASC was the most soluble at pH 4.0, and when the pH values were below or above 4.0, the solubility decreased rapidly. The ASC exhibited a relatively high solubility when NaCl concentration was lower than 2%. These results show that turbo skin can be employed as a source for producing collagen with high quality.  相似文献   

Acceleration of vegetation dynamics in hydrologically connected wetlands caused by dam operation     

Lilin Zheng  Jinying Xu  Dandan Wang  Guoyu Xu  Zhiqiang Tan  Ligang Xu  Xiaolong Wang 《水文研究》2021,35(2):e14026

The dynamic responses of wetlands to upstream water conservancy projects are becoming increasingly crucial for watershed management. Poyang Lake is a dynamic wetland system of critical ecological importance and connected with the Yangtze river. However, in the context of disturbed water regime in Poyang Lake resulting from human activities and climate change, the responses of vegetation dynamics to the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) have not been investigated. We addressed this knowledge gap by using daily water level data and Landsat images from 1987 to 2018. Landsat images were acquired between October and December to ensure similar phenological conditions. Object-oriented Artificial Neural Network Regression for wetland classification was developed based on abundant training and validation samples. Interactions between vegetation coverage and water regimes pre and post the operation of the TGD were compared using classification and regression trees and the random forest model. Since the implementation of the TGD in 2003, Poyang Lake has become drier, especially during the dry season. A more rapid plant growth rate was observed post TGD (44.74 km² year⁻¹) compared to that of the entire study period (12.9 km² year⁻¹). Average water level for the antecedent 20 days most significantly affected vegetation before 2003, whereas average water level for the antecedent 5 or 10 days was more important after 2003. The impoundment of the TGD after the flood season accelerated the drawdown processes of Poyang Lake, and the rapidly exposed wetlands accelerated vegetation expansion during the dry seasons, resulting in shrinkage and degradation of the lake area. This study deepens our knowledge of the influences of newly developed dams on lakes and rivers.  相似文献   

机载WIDAS数据的Landsat卫星反照率初步验证   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

何丹丹  焦子锑  董亚冬  张小宁  丁安心  尹思阳  崔磊  常雅轩 《遥感学报》2019,23(1):53-61

随着精细化监测的需求,中高空间分辨率的地表反照率产品逐渐成为气候模型的主要输入。目前,中高空间分辨率反照率产品的验证主要基于地表站点的通量塔观测数据,区域机载飞行数据的验证依然相对较少。因此,本文基于区域机载数据验证Landsat反照率产品。针对内蒙古自治区根河森林试验区所获取的机载红外广角双模式成像仪(WIDAS)多角度反射率数据,应用BRDF原型反演算法估算其反照率,分析了应用机载数据验证中高空间分辨率反照率产品的潜力。2016年内蒙古根河森林试验区机载WIDAS飞行多角度观测的可用多角度范围为25°,以前的研究表明BRDF原型反照率反演算法表现出对小观测角度的反照率反演结果的鲁棒性。因此,机载WIDAS反照率在一定程度可用于星载反照率的验证。首先,基于核驱动模型和各向异性平整指数(AFX)提取了试验区4种MODIS二向性反射分布函数(BRDF)原型;然后,将其作为先验知识应用到根河森林WIDAS机载数据的反照率反演中;最后,用WIDAS反照率和单个地面通量塔观测的反照率对Landsat卫星数据的反照率进行初步验证。验证结果表明Landsat反照率与WIDAS反照率结果较为一致,但略有低估,总体均方根误差(RMSE)约为0.02,偏差为0.0057。在多角度观测范围较小时,BRDF原型的反照率反演算法可为星载地表反照率的验证提供了一种有效的验证手段。  相似文献   

无人海洋测绘技术体系构建   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

周立  张阳  张一  付丹丹  陈晨  魏征  冯俊俊  刘泽峰 《测绘通报》2019,(4):130-133

随着无人技术的快速发展，无人测绘的时代即将到来。本文分析了无人时代技术特征与海洋测绘发展机遇；讨论了无人海洋测绘新理念，构建了无人海洋测绘技术体系，论述了无人海洋测绘技术关键技术；展望了无人海洋测绘技术发展趋势，及其在海洋经济、海洋可持续发展中的应用前景。  相似文献   

江苏省海上风电用海项目调查          下载免费PDF全文

张云  景昕蒂  崔丹丹  吕林 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(10):94-97

为加强对海上风电项目的用海管理,规范海上风电产业的用海活动,促进海域空间资源的科学合理开发利用,文章采用海上风电用海权属、风机遥感影像解译和海上风电用海项目核查的数据,以2016年年底为时间节点,对江苏省海上风电用海项目的确权管理、疑似疑点疑区、项目承担企业和项目运营情况进行调查,并根据调查结果提出存在的问题和建议。研究结果表明:江苏省共确权海上风电用海项目44个,已建设40个,总建设面积为6 712.91hm~2;疑似疑点疑区海上风电用海项目有26个;项目承担企业主要包括华能国际电力股份有限公司等;已建成投产并网的海上风电用海项目有29个,总投资额近293亿元,年发电量约50kW·h,年产出额近34亿元;目前海上风电用海项目主要存在未取得海域证、部分风机偏离原批复界址范围和规划布局不合理的问题,未来应坚持保护优先和适度开发原则、规范项目管理、优化规划布局以及加强动态监测。  相似文献   

江苏海域动态监管业务运行现状及分析          下载免费PDF全文

崔丹丹  吕林  陈艳艳  王厚军 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(11):9-12

海域动态监管业务是实施海域管理精细化、科学化的重要手段。文章从海域监管工作模式、海域使用动态监测、海域资源调查、分析评价与决策支持成果等方面对江苏海域动态监视监测业务进行梳理，以期为全国海域动态监管业务化拓展提供参考。  相似文献   

基于像元二分模型的森林郁闭度遥感估算     

刘丹丹  田静  高延平  梅晓丹  朱继文 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(2):31-33,39

实现森林郁闭度的高精度估测,对于森林资源的监测与管理具有非常重要的意义。本文以小兴安岭带岭林业实验管理局为研究区,基于植被指数的像元二分模型进行了森林郁闭度的遥感反演,结果表明:模型的预估精度达到89.01%,决定系数R2达到0.859,RMSE为0.039,模型的一致性较好,可以实现大区域范围森林郁闭度的监测,满足了林业经营管理的需求。  相似文献   

最新GPM遥感数据在淮河和海河流域的误差分析          下载免费PDF全文

庆丹丹  宋凡  宁少尉  金菊良  高成 《水文》2018,38(5):52-58

为了加深对最新GPM卫星降水产品在具体流域的误差特性的了解,利用中国日降水分析产品(CPAP),选取相关系数(CC)、平均误差(ME)、探测率(POD)、错报率(FAR)以及6个极端降雨指标评估2014年4月至2016年3月期间IMERG卫星降水产品和GSMap-Gauge卫星降水产品在淮河、海河流域的误差特性及性能表现。结果表明:(1)两种卫星降水产品的总误差的空间分布完全不同,以高估为主要表现。(2)产品在百分位指标(RR99p及RR95p)和绝对阈值指标(R20及R20TOT)的表现非常好,相关系数超过0.84。对于持续时间指标(CWD及CDD),表现则均不理想,但GSMap-Gauge产品仍优于IMERG产品。(3)不论是日、月尺度下的比较,还是在探测率及错报率上,GSMap-Gauge产品性能表现总是更优。月降雨量估测结果的准确性明显高于日降雨量估测结果。  相似文献   

环境因素对毛乌素沙地旱柳树干液流的影响分析          下载免费PDF全文

许文豪  尹立河  贾伍慧  张俊  徐丹丹  王晓勇 《水文地质工程地质》2018,(2):102-108

在干旱-半干旱地区,研究植物的耗水特征及与气象因子、地下水水位的关系对水资源合理开发利用和生态环境保护具有重要的意义。采用原位监测方法,对气象、树干液流、土壤含水率和地下水水位进行了观测,研究了毛乌素沙地广泛分布及与地下水关系密切的旱柳与气象因子、土壤含水率以及地下水水位的关系。研究表明:水汽压亏缺和潜在蒸散发是控制旱柳耗水最重要的气象因素;研究期内,土壤含水率对旱柳耗水的影响较小;旱柳的耗水与地下水具有密切的关系,随着水位埋深的增大,旱柳的耗水先增大后减小,在水位埋深1.25 m处达到最大。利用地下水的昼夜波动计算了地下水的蒸散发消耗量,发现旱柳的用水与地下水的蒸散发消耗量具有一定的相关性,表明地下水是旱柳重要的用水水源。  相似文献