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塔河油田奥陶系岩溶油藏溶洞储集体成因及演化 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
古岩溶作用形成的溶洞、溶孔、裂缝构成了塔河油田奥陶系缝洞型油藏的重要储集体,控制油气分布。塔河油田奥陶系古岩溶发育主要经历了加里东期和海西早期岩溶作用的改造,通过对塔河油田岩溶作用演化及发育期次的研究,认为O3s尖灭线以北为海西早期岩溶及加里东期岩溶共同作用的结果,以南区域主要为加里东期岩溶发育区。利用岩心、钻井、录井、测井、地震等资料相结合的方法,将塔河油田溶洞储集体从成因上划分为侵蚀型溶洞、异地沉积物充填型、原地沉积物充填型、塌陷型溶洞4种类型。结合塔河油田岩溶储层发育特征,建立了塔河油田奥陶系岩溶洞穴型储层的纵向分布模式和平面分布模式。 相似文献
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塔河油田奥陶系海西早期、加里东中期岩溶对比研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
塔河油田为我国第一个、第一大古生界海相大油田,奥陶系是最主要的层位,产量占塔河油田总产量的75%以上,海西早期、加里东中期岩溶作用对塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的形成和分布具有重要的控制作用。通过岩溶的平面分布、缝洞充填物类型、古生物、锶同位素、碳、氧同位素、稀土元素、包裹体、荧光等可以区分海西早期岩溶和加里东中期岩溶;海西早期岩溶古地貌起伏较大,对储层具有明显的控制作用,加里东中期岩溶古地貌总体起伏较小,对储层的控制作用不明显。海西早期岩溶主要受构造、不整合面、古地貌和岩性的控制,其中构造是最重要的因素;加里东中期岩溶主要受构造、加里东中期Ⅰ、Ⅱ幕不整合面、岩性的控制,具有明显的断控和层控特征,最后对海西早期、加里东中期岩溶有利储层分布区进行了预测。 相似文献
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塔河油田奥陶系油藏的储层特征和成因机理探讨 总被引：21，自引：1，他引：21
本文通过岩心、录井、测井、测试资料的综合研究，在塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩剖面上识别出5类性质有别的储层（洞穴型、风化裂隙型、构造裂隙型、滩相颗粒灰岩溶蚀孔隙型、地表残积带裂隙-孔隙型），阐述了各类储层的储集性能及发育分布特征，并对碳酸盐岩古岩溶作用机制及岩溶洞穴型的发育控制因素进行了探讨。指出在不整合面下0～250m的深度内，区域性发育3套洞穴型储层，洞穴型储层的发育是油气高产、稳产的关键，风化裂隙型储层主要集中在海西早期不整合侵蚀面附近及洞穴层上下；构造裂隙型储层发育分布具有普遍性，海西早期构造裂隙发育状况与洞穴层发育状况之间有着良好的匹配关系，滩相颗粒灰岩溶蚀孔隙性储层具有相控和层控的特征，主要发育在塔河油田南平台-间房组上部（礁）滩相储集体中，岩溶洞穴层发育主要受岩溶地貌及裂缝发育程度控制，岩溶缓坡（特别是其上的丘丛）与阿克库勒凸起轴部的叠合部位是岩溶最发育的地区。 相似文献
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碳酸盐岩表生岩溶作用控制着塔河油田奥陶系油藏缝洞系统的发育及分布。塔河油田奥陶系油藏经历了加里东期和海西早期两次岩溶作用,造成了储层极强的非均质性。通过塔河油田岩溶作用演化及发育期次的研究,将塔河油田奥陶系垂向岩溶带划分为地表岩溶带、纵向渗滤岩溶带和水平潜流岩溶带,平面上发育岩溶高地、岩溶斜坡和岩溶洼地3个地貌单元。通过对野外露头、岩心、钻井、测井、地震及生产动态资料的综合研究,认为溶洞、溶蚀裂缝及蜂窝状孔洞等连续孔隙是该区有效储集空间,基质作为不渗透（低渗）层对缝洞系统有一定的隔挡作用。结合表生岩溶洞穴的原理及对孔隙状态的控制作用,将塔河油田溶洞储集体根据不同成因分为落水洞、潜流洞和小溶洞,按溶洞充填物类型分为垮塌充填洞、机械充填洞和化学充填洞,同时建立了不同类型孔洞系统的识别特征及地质模式。结合塔河油田洞穴储层发育特征及生产实际,最终建立了塔河油田岩溶储集空间展布模式。 相似文献
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塔河油田下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层对比及储层剖面模型 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
塔河油田奥陶系储层为岩溶缝洞型的碳酸盐岩储层，缝洞储层的形成与古岩溶作用密切相关，风化壳期岩溶作用对储集空间的发育程度有明显的控制作用。不同的储集空间类型受控于不同的岩溶古地貌单元。裂缝性储层主要分布于风化壳型岩溶不发育地区，或褶皱和断裂构造较发育的变化强烈部位；裂缝-孔洞型储层的分布与古岩溶发育带和岩溶斜坡地区密切相关；裂缝-溶洞型储层其分布与裂缝及古岩溶发育带密切相关，常常是在古岩溶高地边缘或部分岩溶斜坡区，多位于多组构造线的交汇处及褶皱的轴部等。为进一步探讨研究区缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的空间展布规律，根据暴露区淡水岩溶作用发育特点，依据碳酸盐岩储层的波阻抗响应特征、测井曲线、测试成果及开发动态资料，在恢复古岩溶地貌的基础上，对塔河油田（6区）的岩溶值得层进行了划分与对比。研究结果显示高产井多位于古岩溶地貌相对较高部位，而产量较少或没有出油气的井，则位于岩溶地貌相对较低部位。表明早期的古地貌形态对奥陶系碳酸盐岩溶蚀孔洞的发育具有明显的控制作用。岩溶储层的垂向发育和分布主要受碳酸盐岩古岩溶风化壳垂向分带性的影响，纵向上由风化壳顶面向下储层发育逐渐变差。以奥陶系古风化壳顶面为界，向下每60m为单位，对深度0-60m、60-120m、120-180m、180-240m岩溶储层的纵横向分布特征进行了分析，并建立了相应的储层剖面结构模型。 相似文献
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塔河油田东南斜坡区奥陶系岩溶储层形成机制与发育分布模式研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
塔河油田东南斜坡区奥陶系具一定的勘探开发潜力,岩溶储层是其主要储集类型。本文通过50余口井1 000余米奥陶系岩芯、300余块岩石薄片的观察及200余件样品的地化资料的分析整理,研究了奥陶系岩溶储层的形成机制。指出特殊岩相条件下同生期大气水溶蚀形成滩相溶蚀孔隙型储层;加里东中期与海西早期岩溶作用叠加改造形成岩溶缝孔洞型储层和岩溶洞穴型储层;海西晚期热液溶蚀作用对岩溶缝洞型储层也有一定程度改造。断裂活动控制下的岩溶及热液溶蚀作用是该区的主要储层形成机制,既受层控又受断控,表现为不同井区储层发育及分布特征不同。盐体北边界附近,受特定沉积相带和古地貌控制,多种类型储层发育;由北而南的贯穿性断裂带上,受多期次断裂活动控制,多类型、多期次储层发育;而断裂带之间,储层发育相对较差。这对于区内奥陶系储层的评价和勘探开发部署具有重要意义。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地塔河油田TH12402井区位于志留系覆盖区,发育典型的古岩溶缝洞型储集层,是塔河油田西北部奥陶系主要的产建阵地之一。基于三维地震数据、测井和钻井资料,并结合地震属性提取技术,对该区下奥陶统岩溶发育条件和储集层发育特征进行了研究,探讨了岩溶洞穴的控制因素和发育模式。结果表明: TH12402井区处于北西向次级鼻状构造的南翼,该区发育加里东中期Ⅲ幕古岩溶作用,岩溶地形以低幅度的溶丘和洼地为主,地表水系呈南北向汇流且分支水系相对欠发育;岩溶储集空间以大型迷宫状岩溶管道和分散的孤立状洞穴为主,主要分布在不整合面以下40~100m,且以未充填为主;近东西向的走向断层、次级鼻状构造以及上奥陶统地层尖灭线联合控制了古岩溶洞穴的发育,形成了平缓岩溶地貌区走向断裂汇流型岩溶洞穴模式。上述成果为相似井区的古岩溶储集层预测和井位部署提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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《古地理学报》2021,23(4)
塔里木盆地塔河油田TH12402井区位于志留系覆盖区,发育典型的古岩溶缝洞型储集层,是塔河油田西北部奥陶系主要的产建阵地之一。基于三维地震数据、测井和钻井资料,并结合地震属性提取技术,对该区下奥陶统岩溶发育条件和储集层发育特征进行了研究,探讨了岩溶洞穴的控制因素和发育模式。结果表明:TH12402井区处于北西向次级鼻状构造的南翼,该区发育加里东中期Ⅲ幕古岩溶作用,岩溶地形以低幅度的溶丘和洼地为主,地表水系呈南北向汇流且分支水系相对欠发育;岩溶储集空间以大型迷宫状岩溶管道和分散的孤立状洞穴为主,主要分布在不整合面以下40～100 m,且以未充填为主;近东西向的走向断层、次级鼻状构造以及上奥陶统地层尖灭线联合控制了古岩溶洞穴的发育,形成了平缓岩溶地貌区走向断裂汇流型岩溶洞穴模式。上述成果为相似井区的古岩溶储集层预测和井位部署提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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塔河油田加里东期岩溶储层特征及分布预测 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
岩溶储层是塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩的主要储层，是海西早期与加里东期岩溶作用的结果。海西期岩溶储层主要发育在石炭系直接覆盖于中下奥陶统之上的地区，上奥陶统覆盖区的岩溶储层主要是加里东期岩溶作用形成的。地震剖面奥陶系反射波组底部上超、顶部削切特征，牙形剌化石带的缺失、志留系层序地层对比均证实奥陶系在加里东中期有过隆升剥蚀，说明塔河油田具备有加里东岩溶作用的地质条件，锶同位素特征证实了加里东期岩溶洞穴的存在。在上奥陶统覆盖区，岩溶储层主要发育于加里东不整合面(T47和T27)下300 m之内，岩溶储层中，岩溶洞穴高度主要为0～30 m之间，最大可达75 m，显然是加里东中期岩溶作用的产物。加里东期断裂控制了加里东岩溶储层的发育，由此预测了加里东期岩溶储层的发育区带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
20.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献