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冀北闪长质岩石的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄：晚古生代岩浆弧的地质记录 总被引：6，自引：6，他引：6
华北克拉通北缘的丰宁-承德地区分布着许多被认为是古元古代的片麻状闪长质-石英闪长质-花岗闪长质侵入体,新的年代学资料揭示这些侵入体中许多是晚古生代的产物。本次工作从京北喇叭沟门闪长岩体和丰宁天桥含石英闪长岩体中分别获得了(288.0±4.8)Ma和(279.5±5.6)Ma的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄。这些钙碱性岩石的存在表明华北克拉通北缘在早二叠世是一条安第斯型的活动大陆边缘。综合分析冀北地区晚古生代侵入岩的侵位时代和变形特点,结合该地区晚古生代发生变形变质作用的年龄信息,推测华北克拉通北侧的古亚洲洋在晚二叠世末封闭,随后进入了主造山期之后的构造松弛阶段。 相似文献
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华北地块北缘晚古生代-中生代花岗岩体侵位深度及其构造意义 总被引：13，自引：5，他引：13
运用斜长石-角闪石温压计对华北地块北缘内蒙古隆起及燕山褶断带内不同时期花岗质侵入岩的结晶压力及侵位深度进行了估算。结果表明,晚古生代—早中生代期间,在内蒙古隆起及燕山褶断带之间,存在有强烈的差异性隆升及剥露过程,但这种差异性隆升及剥露在早侏罗世以来的表现则不明显。晚古生代—早中生代差异性隆升及剥露可能是导致内蒙古隆起上大量基底岩石出露、中—新元古代及古生代沉积盖层缺失及燕山褶断带中—新元古代及古生代沉积盖层大量保留的主要原因。内蒙古隆起强烈的隆升及剥露过程发生在晚石炭世—早侏罗世期间,其东部的剥露幅度比中东部明显偏小。晚古生代-早中生代期间内蒙古隆起的强烈剥露及其与燕山褶断带之间的差异性隆升可能与古亚洲洋板块向华北地块的俯冲、消减、碰撞及华北北缘区域性断裂(如平泉-古北口-赤城-尚义断裂、赤峰-围场-多伦断裂)的活动有关。燕山褶断带的强烈隆升与剥露发生则在晚侏罗世—早白垩世之后。晚体罗世—早白垩世以来,华北地块北缘南北两侧均有一次明显的剥露过程,这一剥露可能与本区及中国东部地壳强烈伸展有关。 相似文献
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内蒙古武川西北部早二叠世岩浆活动及其构造意义 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
内蒙古武川县西北元恒永一带,出露一套早二叠世辉长苏长岩、石英闪长岩、二长花岗岩组成的钙碱性岩系。该套岩石以稀土总量中等、轻稀土富集、无明显的Eu异常等特征显示幔源成因,尽管有不同程度的地壳物质混入,地球化学特征指示岩体形成于板块碰撞前的岛弧环境。岩体中发育弱的片麻理构造,石英闪长岩和二长花岗岩中有较多暗色细粒黑云闪长岩包体,包体的扁平面平行片麻理;包体的应变测量显示侵位过程中岩浆与包体粘度差不大,包体发生了旋转变形,岩浆侵位受区域构造应力控制。石英闪长岩中单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为(282.3±4.6)Ma,表明其形成时代为早二叠世。岩体的形成可能与古亚洲洋向华北板块俯冲有关,显示出华北板块北缘的安第斯型大陆岛弧背景。 相似文献
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大兴安岭中段上二叠统-下三叠统接触关系研究——来自碎屑锆石年代学的证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
华北板块北缘与其北部地块之间古亚洲洋闭合的时限,涉及到大陆形成过程中的古洋陆格局及演化过程的重建。晚二叠世-早三叠世大兴安岭地区的构造演化过程是承上启下的转折时期,即是古亚洲洋向古太平洋构造体系转变的关键时期。本文通过对大兴安岭中段龙江地区上二叠统林西组和下三叠统老龙头组砂岩样品进行系统的碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究,证实林西组和老龙头组存在280 Ma、370 Ma和500 Ma的三组峰值年龄,分别代表物源区存在早二叠世大石寨组火山岩、晚泥盆世-早石炭世岩浆弧以及北侧地块的统一基底,林西组和老龙头组碎屑锆石最小年龄分别为254Ma和247 Ma,结合野外实测剖面研究结果,认为上二叠统林西组和下三叠统老龙头组连续沉积,整合接触。1∶20万地质图显示内蒙古东部大兴安岭大部分地区缺失三叠系,笔者发现研究区晚侏罗世满克头鄂博组、白音高老组与下伏晚二叠世林西组呈角度不整合接触,结合大兴安岭中部零星出露的早三叠世地层、二连盆地参1井中也存在早三叠世地层,综合分析认为研究区应存在早三叠世地层,上二叠统与下三叠统应为连续沉积,现今多数地区早三叠世地层的缺失是由于后期构造抬升剥蚀造成的。根据上二叠统林西组和下三叠统老龙头组中碎屑锆石存在1800 Ma左右的典型华北板块基底年龄和两者的整合接触关系,结合内蒙古贺根山缝合带中花岗闪长岩244 Ma的年龄以及双井子岩体、哈拉图岩体、吉林中部大玉山岩体均为后碰撞的地球化学特征,认为华北板块北缘与其北侧地块群最终闭合时间应为P3-T1。 相似文献
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内蒙古狼山山脉西侧分布有大面积的晚古生代岩浆岩,其时代集中在早石炭世—晚二叠世,不同时代岩浆岩岩石组合对于认识狼山地区晚古生代构造背景具有重要的意义。文章通过岩石学、岩相学、地球化学及Hf同位素等方法,对狼山地区查干乃呼都格一带花岗闪长岩体进行了研究。该岩体岩性为花岗闪长岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄显示,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(299±1)～(293±2) Ma。岩石暗色矿物为角闪石及黑云母,富含闪长质包体,P_2O_5含量与SiO_2含量之间显示良好的负相关性,富钠(Na_2O含量为3.45%～4.96%),高钠钾比值(Na_2O/K_2O比值为1.33～2.52),岩石地球化学特征显示花岗岩成因类型为Ⅰ型花岗岩。岩石具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-6.3～-2.0)及T_(DM2)为1437～1704 Ma(平均值为1606 Ma),显示了古—中元古代古老地壳熔融的特点,ε_(Hf)(t)-t及角闪石成因图解显示源区有幔源岩浆参与。花岗岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Pb,不同程度的亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,弱的负Eu异常,显示了岩浆弧的地球化学特征。结合晚石炭世—早二叠世狼山地区侵入岩岩石组合为闪长岩+石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩(英云闪长岩),早—中二叠世大石寨组火山岩岩石组合为玄武岩+玄武安山岩+安山岩+英安岩,总体反映了陆缘弧的岩石组合;狼山地区早二叠世处于大陆边缘弧的构造背景,与华北地块北缘中东部可以对比。 相似文献
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在华北克拉通北缘阴山地块东部固阳地区发现了假白榴石粗面玄武岩和钾质粗面岩两种高钾准铝质碱性火山岩。地质年代学数据显示,假白榴石粗面玄武岩的磷灰石U-Pb年龄为322±14Ma,钾质粗面岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为315.6±7.5Ma,说明其形成时代均为晚石炭世。岩石地球化学特征显示,二者均富Al、Fe,贫Mg;富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba和K),相对亏损高场强元素(如Ta、Nb和Ti),轻重稀土分异明显,富集轻稀土,相对亏损重稀土,Eu异常不明显;高(87Sr/86Sr)i比值(0.710028~0.714745),低εNd(t)值(-9.0~-17.2),表现出相似的交代岩石圈地幔源区和地壳混染特征。将该碱性火山岩与兴蒙造山带晚石炭世-早二叠世中基性火山岩和阴山地块白垩纪中基性火山岩进行岩石类型对比,发现华北克拉通北缘产出的火山岩多为高钾碱性系列,而兴蒙造山带中产出的火山岩则多为钙碱性系列;与兴蒙造山带晚石炭世-早二叠世中基性火山岩进行岩石成因对比,发现它们的岩浆源区和混染程度并不相同,即固阳地区碱性火山岩为受到早古生代俯冲沉积物交代的岩石圈地幔部分熔融所形成的岩浆在上升过程中混染华北克拉通TTG片麻岩后喷发的产物,而兴蒙造山带中火山岩的产出则多为亏损地幔部分熔融所形成的岩浆在上升过程中轻度混染地壳物质后喷发的结果。在固阳地区发现晚石炭世碱性火山岩,代表着古亚洲洋在该时期的后造山伸展作用范围已延伸至华北克拉通北缘。 相似文献
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阿拉善地块北缘恩格尔乌苏地区发现志留纪侵入体 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
阿拉善地块北缘地区位于中亚造山带的南缘中段,连接了兴蒙造山带和北山造山带等构造单元,其古生代的构造演化对于中亚造山带南缘构造单元的对比连接具有重要的意义,是研究中亚造山带古生代构造演化的关键位置。统计归纳近年来阿拉善地块北缘地区的年代学数据发现,该地区的岩浆活动主要集中在晚古生代期间,特别是二叠期间,尚没有早古生代侵入岩的报道。恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩是阿拉善地块北缘地区出露的一条重要蛇绿岩带,本次研究在该混杂岩带中发现了早古生代的黑云母花岗岩。通过锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学测试发现其时代为423±4.5 Ma和434±1Ma,代表了其岩浆结晶年龄,表明该侵入岩形成于志留纪期间,是阿拉善地块北缘地区最早发现的早古生代侵入体之一。该志留纪岩体的发现,表明恩格尔乌苏混杂岩在带志留纪期间已经出现岩浆活动,具有多期活动的特征。该志留纪岩体的发现,是研究、认识阿拉善地块北缘地区早古生代构造环境的重要对象,对于连接对比东、西相邻构造单元具有重要的意义。结合相邻白山组地层的碎屑锆石时代及晚泥盆世侵入岩的发现等研究成果推断,阿拉善地块北缘地区在早古生代开始就存在岩浆活动,该地区可能并非是早古生代的稳定被动大陆边缘。 相似文献
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本文在讨论中国东部现有构造演化模式基础上，着重从华北与华南地块之间板块尺度的动力学过程剖析秦岭－大别中生代造山带构造演化，以及大别－苏鲁超高压变质地体的形成和折返过程。晚二叠世－中三叠世华南地块向华北地块持续挤压，陆壳大规模俯冲导致超高压变质作用的产生，而华北地块在晚三叠世至早侏罗世发生快速逆时针旋转，使得这一地区上地幔深度的超高压变质地体快速折返至下地壳。由于超高压变质地体侵位后，地壳结构、构造的差异，在南北地块的进一步挤压下，造成中国东部晚侏罗世－早白垩世郯庐断裂带的巨大左行剪切。 相似文献
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华北地块北缘泥盆纪岩浆活动及其构造背景 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
晚古生代—早中生代岩浆岩广泛分布在华北地块北缘,构成了沿华北地块北缘呈近东—西向分布的上千公里的岩浆岩带。泥盆纪岩浆岩作为其中的组成部分,虽然分布范围不及石炭—二叠纪岩浆岩广泛,但近十多年来随着研究工作的深入,越来越多的泥盆纪岩浆岩被发现,其构造背景及意义也逐渐引起重视。对华北地块北缘近年来发现的泥盆纪岩浆活动进行总结分析表明,泥盆纪岩浆活动时限在400~360 Ma左右,其中碱性侵入岩和基性—超基性侵入岩时代主要集中在400~380 Ma之间,沿华北地块北缘自东向西均有分布;火山岩则主要集中在400 Ma和360 Ma,主要分布在华北北缘东段的赤峰地区。泥盆纪侵入岩在岩石组合上以碱性杂岩及碱性花岗岩为主,其次为二长闪长岩、基性—超基性杂岩。泥盆纪火山岩则以变质流纹质火山岩—次火山岩—火山碎屑岩及变质玄武安山岩、玄武岩（斜长角闪岩）为主,总体上具有双峰式岩石组合特征。综合研究该地区构造演化历史及泥盆纪岩石组合、弱构造变形特征、岩石地球化学与同位素地球化学组成等,认为泥盆纪岩浆活动的形成与白乃庙岛弧和华北地块在晚志留世发生弧—陆碰撞后的伸展背景有关。华北北缘泥盆纪岩浆岩带的形成对于认识古生代期间地壳增生过程、方式及古亚洲洋最终闭合时间有重要科学意义。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献