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重力波参数气候特征是确定全球大气模式中重力波参数化方案的一个重要环节,利用高垂直分辨率探空资料扰动场是获取重力波参数气候特征的基础数据和重要手段。目前,通常采用2～4阶曲线拟合、带通滤波方法获取高垂直分辨率探空资料扰动场,但针对不同方法之间的扰动场差异特征研究较少,本文利用2～4阶曲线拟合、带通滤波方法(0.5～5.0km)获取2014—2017年太原地区(112.55°E,37.78°N)高垂直分辨率探空资料扰动场,采用相关系数、Lomb-Scargle、不同区间范围占有率方法进行研究,结果表明:①不同方法之间的纬向风扰动场、经向风扰动场、温度扰动场均存在较明显差异,且相关性均较弱;②Lomb-Scargle分析表明,不同方法得到的平均纬向风扰动场、平均经向风扰动场、平均温度扰动场显著含有(通过90%置信检验)的垂直波长均存在明显差异;③不同方法得到的纬向风扰动场、经向风扰动场、温度扰动场显著含有的垂直波长,在不同区间范围内的占有率均存在明显差异。 相似文献
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曲线拟合背景场在提取大气重力波参数中的缺陷 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用一次东亚副热带高空急流演变过程的高分辨率数值模拟结果,采用Morlet小波分析和Fourier功率谱分析方法,以3阶和4阶曲线拟合为例,研究了提取大气重力波参数时常用的曲线拟合背景场获取方法的缺陷.结果表明:虽然4阶拟合对原始风廓线的拟合程度高于3阶拟合,但基于4阶拟合背景场得到风速扰动垂直廓线后,所提取的重力波参数和实际情况的差异大于3阶曲线拟合方法的结果.因此,不能将背景场对原始风廓线的拟合程度作为判断重力波参数提取准确率的依据.曲线拟合方法在大多数情况下会使扰动场中包含背景场信号,且所包含的背景场信号强度差异很大,同时还会引入虚假波信号.所以在提取大气重力波参数时,采用曲线拟合方法获取背景场存在缺陷,需要设计更合理的背景场获取方法. 相似文献
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《高原气象》2021,40(3):590-602
大气重力波对全球大气的动力、热力结构具有重要影响,研究重力波参数气候特征是研制全球大气模式中重力波参数化的一个重要环节,通过引入重力波的影响,有利于提高大气模式的预报能力。本文利用2014-2017年太原地区(112.55°E,37.78°N)高垂直分辨率探空资料,对其对流层(2～9 km)、下平流层(17～24 km)大气重力波参数的气候特征及其之间差异特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)在1-12月,相对于对流层,下平流层的平均重力波水平波长、周期、固有相速、能量上传百分比均偏大,垂直波长均偏小,但群速在2月、5-9月偏大,其他月份偏小;(2)对流层与下平流层之间的重力波参数偏差、绝对差较大,相关性弱;(3)对流层、下平流层的重力波参数及其之间的偏差,在不同区间范围内的占有率分布特征存在明显差异;通过研究太原地区上空对流层、下平流层大气重力波参数的气候及其之间差异特征,进一步补充了中国区域的大气重力波参数气候特征,有利于研制更适合中国区域数值预报模式的重力波参数化方案。 相似文献
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大气重力波是一种普遍存在于大气层中的波动现象,与多种不同尺度天气现象均有密切联系,研究平流层重力波的时空分布特征及其可能影响机制对于全球大气环流、大尺度气候变化和各类中尺度天气系统的研究具有重要意义.利用基于PANGAEA数据中心提供的2002—2015年逐月平流层重力波参数资料和SPARC数据中心提供的1992—1997年逐月纬向风资料,分析了平流层重力波参数的时空分布特征,并讨论了影响平流层重力波变化的可能机制.结果表明,对于重力波参数的纬向平均分布,平流层重力波扰动温度和垂直波长随高度增加而增大,而水平波数和绝对动量通量则相反.在夏半球的中低纬度和冬半球的高纬度存在重力波参数的大值区,在赤道附近全年存在重力波参数的低值区.平流层重力波参数水平分布表现为纬向上的带状分布,强度随季节发生变化.在相同纬度,重力波参数的大值中心出现在大陆,特别是山脉地区.平流层纬向风和重力波参数二者的分布具有一致性,说明背景风对大气的扰动是影响重力波参数的可能机制之一. 相似文献
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大气重力波是地球大气层中广泛存在的重要大气动力学扰动,研究其分布和变化规律对理解大气物理、大气结构以及大气动力学等具有重要意义.传统大气重力波探测手段,如雷达和探空气球等,均存在探测时间短、有效探测高度低等缺点,全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）掩星观测具有全天候、低成本、高精度等优点,被广泛应用于地球大气探测和研究,为研究区域或全球重力波变化和活动特征提供了新的观测手段.本文利用中国第一颗搭载GNSS掩星设备气象卫星——风云3C （FY-3C）获得的掩星数据,反演得到2014年8月—2016年12月大气温度轮廓线,并首次估计重力波参数分布,分析了重力波参数的时空变化分布特征.结果表明,海陆季节性对流导致冬夏两季的重力波势能强于春秋两季,赤道对流作用导致赤道区域重力波强于两极,夏季南半球中低纬度地区重力波活动频繁,冬季北半球中低纬度区域重力波活动频繁.重力波随着高度的上升,势能逐渐下降.另外,地形是低层大气重力波的主要来源. 相似文献
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用线性模型讨论了对流和加热对重力惯性波的激发，分别讨论了初始垂直速度扰动和初始位温扰动及大气内部加热在静态层结大气中激发的重力惯性波，及重力惯性波过程引起的大气温压场的变化。得到的结果可以帮助理解中小尺度系统的发生发展、对流过程与环境大气的相互作用。 相似文献
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用线性模型讨论了对流和加热对重力惯性波的激发，分别讨论了初始垂直速度扰动和初始位温扰动及大气内部加热在静态层结大气中激发的重力惯性波，及重力惯性波过程引起的大气温压场的变化。得到的结果可以帮助理解中小尺度系统的发生发展，对流过程与环境大气的相互作用。 相似文献
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圆形涡旋大气中的横波不稳定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
讨论涡旋大气中,存在沿切向基流传播的横波型扰动,并采用数值方法讨论了柱坐标系下圆形涡旋系统斜压气流中这类扰动的不稳定,这是一类中尺度的重力惯性波的不稳定.研究了涡旋环境大气的层结稳定度参数N2、切向风垂直切变Vz、凝结潜热、涡旋特性及科里奥利参数f0对不稳定增长率的影响.圆形涡旋中同样存在横波不稳定的Eady模态和中尺度模态,得到了中尺度模态的扰动场分布特征:流场的不规则"猫眼"结构及慢速传播的扰动均集中在低层,而快速传播的扰动均集中在高层的扰动特征. 相似文献
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利用2019年1月1—7日AIRS观测的(80°—100°W,30°—45°N)范围内0—45 km高度的大气温度剖面数据,根据重力波的线性理论,分别采用垂直滑动窗口法、双滤波器法、单滤波器法对温度廓线数据进行处理,从中得到初始扰动剖面,再使用分离出来的对流层到平流层低层的背景温度和重力波扰动剖面计算重力波势能,最后根据提取结果比较三种方法的差异。结果表明:1) 采用垂直滑动窗口法提取的重力波势能对波长较小的波动有很好的反映,在对流层顶区域重力波势能异常偏大。2) 采用双滤波器法提取的重力波势能很好地反映各个波长的波动,更符合真实情况。3) 采用单滤波器法能够提取波长较大的重力波扰动,且扰动在对流层贡献更大;而采用双滤波器提取的重力波扰动分别在对流层顶和平流层贡献更大。 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献