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1.
溶藻弧菌疫苗对凡纳滨对虾免疫功能的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用溶藻弧菌疫苗饲喂凡纳滨对虾,测定了弧菌疫苗对凡纳滨对虾免疫指标的影响以及 疫苗的免疫保护作用。结果发现,投喂弧菌疫苗后,溶菌活力在12～20d内迅速增强,在20d时 活力达到最高,VF1组高于VF2和VF3组,但VF2和VF3之间差异不显著;凝集效价在投喂后的 第8天开始升高,在14d时达到最高,实验组的凝集活力均高于对照组,但实验组之间无明显的差 异;而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和溶血活力变化不明显。以每克饲料含疫苗细胞1.0×109、 1.0×108和1.0×107个的浓度投喂,对凡纳滨对虾的免疫保护率分别为66.7%、46.7%和13.3%。 可见弧菌疫苗对凡纳滨对虾的免疫保护率随疫苗浓度的增大而升高。 相似文献
2.
双组分调控系统（Two-component Regulatory System）在致病菌的生长及毒力调控中起重要作用.克隆溶藻弧菌（Vibrio alginolyticus）HY9901 株组氨酸激酶PhoR 和反应调控因子PhoB 的全长基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析.序列分析结果显示,phoR（GenBank 登录号：KJ958404）全长1 299 bp,共编码432 个氨基酸;phoB（GenBank 登录号：KJ863646）全长690 bp,编码229 个氨基酸.构建PhoR/PhoB 的系统进化树,结果显示,溶藻弧菌PhoR/PhoB 与副溶血弧菌（Vibrio parahaemolyticus）、哈氏弧菌（Vibrio harveyi）有较近亲缘关系.利用SWISS-MODEL 软件,对PhoR/PhoB 中两个相对保守的功能域HATPase_c 和REC 进行同源建模,发现HATPase_c具有1 个ATP 结合位点,REC 具有4 个天冬氨酸活性位点. 相似文献
3.
研究波吉卵囊藻及藻―菌体系对创伤弧菌(Vibrio vulnificus)、副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)和溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)生长的影响,结果显示:无菌波吉卵囊藻对创伤弧菌、副溶血弧菌的生长均有显著促进作用(P<0.05),对溶藻弧菌的生长无显著影响(P>0.05);波吉卵囊藻―沼泽红假单胞菌体系对溶藻弧菌有明显抑制作用(P<0.05);无菌波吉卵囊藻―枯草芽孢杆菌体系对溶藻弧菌的生长有显著促进作用(P<0.05),对创伤弧菌、副溶血弧菌的生长无显著影响(P>0.05);带菌波吉卵囊藻对三株弧菌均有明显抑制作用(P<0.05);带菌波吉卵囊藻共栖细菌对三株弧菌均无明显抑制作用(P>0.05);在无菌波吉卵囊藻中回加带菌藻共栖细菌,分析实验10～18d的数据发现的数据发现藻―菌体系对创伤弧菌、副溶血弧菌的生长有显著影响(P<0.05),藻―菌体系逐渐恢复对三株弧菌的抑制作用。 相似文献
4.
采用微生物分离培养技术和巢式PCR技术相结合方法对2011年采自广西北海南万和古城、钦州茅岭和钦州港、防城港企沙和公车的拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)携带寄生虫、细菌和病毒状况开展调查.寄生虫检测结果显示,仅钦州茅岭拟穴青蟹鳃组织中发现寄生虫茗荷(儿).细菌性病原体检测结果显示,共有11种病原性细菌存在于健康养殖拟穴青蟹体内,弧菌属细菌性病原出现频率最高,其中副溶血弧菌和溶藻弧菌在调查区域内均有分布,其他菌种则呈现一定的地域特异性.病毒性病原体检测结果显示,白斑综合症病毒仅在钦州茅岭拟穴青蟹检出,阳性率为4.94%;双顺反子病毒于北海古城和钦州茅岭拟穴青蟹检出阳性携带率为3.70%;呼肠孤病毒携带率则较高,北海、防城港以及钦州拟穴青蟹均有检出,阳性率达25.93%.由此可见,10-11月广西区内健康养殖拟穴青蟹携带弧菌和呼肠孤病毒的比例远远高于其他病原体,为拟穴青蟹携带的主要病原体. 相似文献
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研究了海水网箱养殖海域弧菌数量变化、种类组成及其相关因素,探讨弧菌数量的变化与鱼病的关系。结果表明:网箱内水体弧菌数量为390~230 mL-1,平均为20.6×102mL-1,网箱外水体为130~1450 mL-1,平均为530 mL-1,非养殖对照海区为10~390 mL-1,平均为190 mL-1。养殖海区弧菌数量呈现明显的季节性变化,尤其是网箱水体,对照海区只在9月数量较高,其他时间变化不大。平均数量网箱内大于网箱外,网箱外大于对照海区。水体中出现的弧菌种类有河流弧菌Vibrio fluvialis,创伤弧菌Vibrio vulnifgicus,霍乱弧菌Vibrio cholerae,副溶血弧菌Vibrio parahaemolyticus,溶藻弧菌Vibrio alginolyticus,美人鱼弧菌Vibrio damsela,拟态弧菌Vibriomimicus和好利斯弧菌Vibrio hollisae,美人鱼弧菌、溶藻弧菌和霍乱弧菌占有较大优势。弧种数量与海水温度、盐度及营养盐有相关性,但其相关性因不同种和不同点而不同。检测期间,网箱养殖鱼类无明显流行病发生,但弧菌的高峰期明显与报道的鱼病高峰期相吻合。 相似文献
7.
为探究溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)ZJ03株Ⅲ型分泌系统(Type III secretion system,T3SS)注射装置蛋白VscO作为疫苗候选抗原的可能性,根据GeneBank上登陆的溶藻弧菌VscO序列(NO.KJ179947),设计1对带酶切位点的特异性引物,PCR扩增vscO基因,序列分析结果显示,该基因全长462 bp,理论分子质量为18.430ku。将vscO基因定向插入原核表达载体pET-28a(+),构建重组表达质粒pET-vscO。用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导后,可在大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)BL21(DE3)中表达分子质量约为22 ku的VscO融合蛋白,且该蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在。VscO蛋白表达和纯化的最优条件为:0.1 mmol/L IPTG、37℃条件下诱导4 h,咪唑洗脱浓度为400 mmol/L。用纯化后的融合蛋白免疫SPF级小鼠,获得高效多克隆抗体。Western-blotting结果表明,鼠抗VscO血清既能与重组VscO蛋白发生反应,也能与分离自溶藻弧菌约22 ku的天然蛋白发生反应,提示T3SS注射装置蛋白VscO可能是溶藻弧菌的重要保护性抗原之一。 相似文献
8.
对凡纳滨对虾注射浓度为1×105、1×106、1×107mL-1的溶藻弧菌悬液,在注射后4、12、24、48、72和120 h于腹血窦取血,测定其血清中一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)含量,以及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活力。结果表明,注射溶藻弧菌后,凡纳滨对虾血清中NO含量及NOS活力显著高于对照组,且NOS活力最大值出现时间较NO早;而SOD活力先升高后下降,MDA含量在SOD活力开始下降后逐渐升高,说明一氧化氮系统对凡纳滨对虾感染的溶藻弧菌有清除作用,并能在一定程度上对损伤过程中生成的氧自由基产生作用。 相似文献
9.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,(6)
White spot syndrome virus(WSSV) is an important viral pathogen that infects farmed penaeid shrimp, and the threat of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection to shrimp farming has become increasingly severe. Viral and bacterial cross or superimposed infections may induce higher shrimp mortality. We used a feeding method to infect L itopenaeus vannamei with WSSV and then injected a low dose of V. parahaemolyticus(WSSV+Vp), or we fi rst infected L. vannamei with a low-dose injection of V. parahaemolyticus and then fed the shrimp WSSV to achieve viral infection(Vp+WSSV). The effect of V. parahaemolyticus and WSSV co-infection on survival of L. vannamei was evaluated by comparing cumulative mortality rates between experimental and control groups. We also spread L. vannamei hemolymph on thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose agar plates to determine the number of V ibrio, and the WSSV copy number in L. vannamei gills was determined using an absolute quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method. L v My D88 and Lvakt gene expression levels were detected in gills of L. vannamei by real-time PCR to determine the cause of the different mortality rates. Our results show that(1) the cumulative mortality rate of L. vannamei in the WSSV+Vp group reached 100% on day 10 after WSSV infection, whereas the cumulative mortality rate of L. vannamei in the Vp+WSSV group and the WSSV-alone control group approached 100% on days 11 and 13 of infection;(2) the number of Vibrio in the L. vannamei group infected with V. parahaemolyticus alone declined gradually, whereas the other groups showed signifi cant increases in the numbers of Vibrio( P 0.05);(3) the WSSV copy numbers in the gills of the WSSV+Vp, Vp+WSSV, and the WSSV-alone groups increased from 10 5 to 10 7 /mg tissue 72, 96, and 144 h after infection, respectively. These results suggest that V. parahaemolyticus infection accelerated proliferation of WSSV in L. vannamei and vice versa. The combined accelerated proliferation of both V. parahaemolyticus and WSSV led to massive death of L. vannamei. 相似文献
10.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,(2)
The single and synergistic effects of dietary arabinoxylan-oligosaccharide(AXOS) and inulin at different doses(2,4,and 8 mg/g diet) on survival,growth performance,gut microbiota,and immune response in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were assessed.Singular application of either inulin or AXOS at doses of 4 mg/g diet showed the most stimulatory effects on the growth rate and gene expression levels of chitinase,cathepsin L,chymotrypsin,and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) in each single prebiotic feeding trial.Compared with single prebiotic treatments,simultaneous application of AXOS and inulin at 4 mg/g diet enhanced remarkably the growth parameters of shrimp and the expression of related genes(chitinase,cathepsin L,chymotrypsin ERK,myeloid differentiation factor88,and phenoloxidase) after 8-week feeding(P0.05).Additionally,gut microbiota analysis indicated the dietary supplementation with combined prebiotics increased significantly the bacterial community richness and relative abundance of Bacillus,Pseudomonas,Bacteriovorax,and Lactobacillus,and reduced the abundance of Vibrio,Rhodococcus,and Photobacterium in the digestive tract of L.vannamei.Compared with the single prebiotic treatment and the control,combined prebiotics supplementation boosted notably the survival rate and expression levels of immune-related genes in shrimp infected with Vibrio alginolyticus or white spot syndrome virus.Therefore,simultaneous application of AXOS and inulin shall have a great potential of dietary supplement in the culture of L.vannamei. 相似文献
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Vibrio harveyi cells (dose = ＞ 103 cells mL 1) and extracellular products (ECP; ＞25μg m L-1 of total protein concentration) destroyed haematopoietic cultures of Nephrops norvegicus within 24 h of exposure. Cytopathic effects (CPE)started after 4 h of exposure to the bacterial cells, with some granularity in the cytoplasm, mostly in cells in the outer periphery of the explant growth. At the end of the infection, a considerable number of nuclei remained attached to the substrate,apparently unaffected. Following exposure to ECP, initial deterioration was observed at 2 h with the presence of granularity in the cytoplasm of＜ 20% cells, and few cells displayed small vacuoles around the nuclei. Parallel results were obtained using whole animal experiments, with V. harveyi cells being lethal to nephrops within 24 h. 相似文献
13.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2010,(4)
In this study,the intestinal microbiota of kuruma shrimp(Marsupenaeus japonicus) was examined by molecular analysis of the 16S rDNA to identify the dominant intestinal bacteria and to investigate the effects of Bacillus spp.on intestinal microbial diversity.Samples of the intestines of kuruma shrimp fed normal feed and Bacillus spp.amended feed.PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) analyses were then performed on DNA extracted directly from the guts.Population fingerprints of the predominant organisms were generated by DGGE analysis of the universal V3 16S rDNA amplicons,and distinct bands in the gels were sequenced.The results suggested that the gut of kuruma shrimp was dominated by Vibrio sp.and uncultured gamma proteobacterium.Overall,the results of this study suggest that PCR-DGGE is a possible method of studying the intestinal microbial diversity of shrimp. 相似文献
14.
负载型纳米TiO_2光催化杀灭溶藻弧菌的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用平均粒径约5nm,主要结构为锐钛矿型的纳米TiO2光催化剂,以泡沫型复合镍板为载体对纳米TiO2进行固定,并对固定后的纳米TiO2杀灭溶藻弧菌的能力进行了研究。结果表明:利用高压汞灯作为光源,以泡沫型复合镍板为载体的纳米TiO2对溶藻弧菌具有较强的杀灭能力;极少量过氧化氢的加入加快了纳米TiO2的杀菌速度;因此,负载型纳米TiO2在水产病害防治方面具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
15.
冻熟虾中副溶血性弧菌生长模型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为控制冻熟虾中副溶血性弧菌的危害,预测冻熟虾中副溶血性弧菌生长情况,对冻熟虾中副溶血性弧菌的生长规律进行了研究。使用CurveExpert 1.3软件作为辅助工具,选取了4种模型(Logistic模型、Richards模型、Compertz模型、MMF模型)拟合了副溶血性弧菌在冻熟虾中生长曲线。结果表明:10℃、18℃和30℃下副溶血性弧菌的生长曲线呈典型的S型,通过标准差和相关系数比较,10℃、18℃和30℃下冻熟虾中副溶血性弧菌最适的生长模型为Richards模型。 相似文献
16.
ZHOU Yangen BAO Weiyang SU Yuepeng HUANG Ming WANG Xingqiang YAN Binlun MA Shen 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2022,21(1):171-178
This study was to evaluate the effect of stocking densities on the nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for a polyculture of the crab Portunus trituberculatus and the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.The shrimps(initial weight,0.012 g)were cultured at a density of 45 shrimp m-2,and juvenile crabs(initial weight,0.024 g)were cultured at five densities of 0,3,6,9,and 12 crabs m-2.The treatments were grouped as C0S45,C3S45,C6S45,C9S45,and C12S45,respectively.Water quality parameters,growth of shrimp and crabs,and nitrogen and phosphorus budget were measured.The results indicated that the shrimp performances in polyculture treatments C3S45 and C6S45 were superior to those in the crab-free treatment(C0S45).The crab in treatments C3S45 and C6S45 exhibited a significantly higher final mean weight and carapace width/length than those in treatments C9S45 and C12S45.The final size and survival of crabs had a negative correlation with the increasing crab stocking density.The contents of total phos-phorus and total nitrogen and the comprehensive contamination index values were higher in the C9S45 and C12S45 treatments than in the other treatments.The conversion ratios of nitrogen for crab and shrimp growth in treatment C3S45 were significantly higher than those in the crab-free treatment.These findings indicate that polyculturing shrimp with crabs at suitable densities can improve productivity,profitability,nutrient utilization,and the environmental quality.From the 60-day treatments,the optimal culture densi-ties were 3-6 crabs m-2 and 45 shrimps m-2. 相似文献
17.
FAN Tingjun YU Miaomiao YANG Lingling SHI Zhenping SUN Wenjie CONG Rishan YANG Xiuxia JIANG Guojian 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(3)
To investigate the stimulating effects of immunostimulants on the autogenous immunocompetence of crabs and the possible mechanisms involved, the immunostimulating effects of β-1,3-glucan, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inactivated Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio anguillarum on phenoloxidase (PO) and hemocytes of Charybdis japonica were investigated in this study. It was found that the yields and the enzymatic activities of purified PO in C. japonica increased significantly after the crabs were treated with immunostimulants, while the unit enzymatic activities remained almost the same. After treatment with β-1,3-glucan and LPS, the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and the number of mitochondria in both semigranular cells and granular cells increased greatly, and the number of cytoplasmic granules decreased but with enlarged volume. However, the corresponding characteristics of hyaline cells remained almost the same. On the other hand, the number of granules in semigranular cells decreased greatly, and the number of mitochondria of hyaline cells increased greatly, after treatment with inactivated vibrios. It may be concluded that the effect of polysaccharide immunostimulants on the innate immune system of C. japonica is different from that of inactivated vibrio immunostimulants. The immunity-enhancing mechanism of polysaccharides in crab autogenous immunocompetence is probably accomplished by the increased yields of PO and total PO activities, while that of inactivated vibrios is probably accomplished by the partially increased yields of PO and total PO activities as well as the significantly improved phagocytotic abilities of semigranular cells and hyaline cells. 相似文献
18.
ＴｈｅｌａｒｇｅｙｅｌｌｏｗｃｒｏａｋｅｒＰｓｅｕｄｏｓｃｉａｅｎａｃｒｏｃｅａ (Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓｏｎ)ｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｃａｇｅｆａｒｍ ｉｎｇｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｉｎｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎＣｈｉｎａ.Ｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｔｈｅｒａｐｉｄｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｙｅｌｌｏｗｃｒｏａｋｅｒｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｈａｓｂｅｅｎｔｒｏｕｂｌｅｄｂｙｖｉｂｒｉｏｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｒｅｑｕｉｒｉｎｇｒｅｓｏｒｔｔｏｄｒｕｇｓ,ｔｈｅａｂｕｓｅｏｆｗｈｉｃｈｄｅｔｅｒｉｏｒａｔｅｓｔｈｅｍｉ… 相似文献
19.
For the investigation of anti-infection immune response of Pseudosciaena crocea, 160 healthy fish samples were categorized into infected and control groups. Each individual fish in the infected group was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 0.2 ml bacterial suspension of Vibrio alginolyticus in density of 2×107 CFU/ml, while each individual in the control group was injected i.p. with 0.2 ml sterile saline solution (0.85%). It was observed that the artificial injection of V. alginolyticus significantly inc... 相似文献
20.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,(5)
Humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis is one commercial fish with considerable economic value.To determine the expression stabilities of six commonly used internal reference genes in C.altivelis challenged by Vibrio harveyi and viral nervous necrosis virus(VNNV) through quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR),the expression levels of selected genes in five immune organs stimulated with pathogenic infection were carefully evaluated using algorithms of geNorm,NormFinder,and BestKeeper.The results show that the expre ssion stabilities of the six candidate inte rnal reference genes were diffe re nt.Under no rmal physiological conditions,RPL13 were identified as the most stably expressed genes among five different immune organs(liver,spleen,kidney,intestine,and gill).After V.harveyi stimulation,RPL13,RPL13,EF1 A,RPL13,and EF1 A were identified by geNorm,NormFinder,and BestKeeper as the most stable genes in liver,spleen,kidney,intestine,and gill,respectively.Combining these three algorithms suggested that under stimulation of VNNV,RPL13,EF1 A,Actin,RPL13,and Actin were as the most stable genes in liver,spleen,kidney,intestine,and gill,respectively.These results suggest that specific experiment conditions and tissue types shall be considered when selecting the reference genes in qRT-PCR analysis.This study provided a solid foundation for future studies on gene expression of C.altivelis under different conditions. 相似文献