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1.
新疆鄯善康古尔塔格蛇绿岩及其大地构造意义 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
康古尔塔格蛇绿岩的岩石组合为变质橄榄岩-堆晶橄榄岩-辉长岩-斜长花岗岩-辉绿岩-玄武岩。方辉橄榄岩（蛇纹岩）、蛇纹石化辉石岩、蚀变辉长岩与特罗多斯蛇绿岩中同类型岩石类似，岩石总体低钾。变质橄榄岩MgO／（MgO＋TFeO）为0．834～0．866，TiO，（wt％）为0．02％，为SSZ型蛇绿岩的变质橄榄岩。玄武岩的构造环境判别显示其形成于边缘海盆。放射虫硅质岩的Al2O3／（Al2O3＋Fe2O3）值平均为0．047，MnO／TiO2比值平均为0．93，Ce具负异常，Ce／Ce^＊=0．548，Lan／Cen=1．661．表明放射虫硅质岩的形成环境与洋中脊有密切关系。该蛇绿岩位于塔里木板块和哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块的艾比湖-康古尔塔格缝合线上，为一套无序产出的古生代北天山洋在该区的古洋壳残片。 相似文献
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在柴北缘东段识别出早古生代埃达克岩-富Nb玄武岩的火山岩组合。埃达克岩富Na2O、贫K2O,K2O/Na2O比值介于0.14~0.43之间;高Sr（614×10-6~1043×10-6）,但亏损Y（3.26×10-6~14.1×10-6）和Yb（0.33×10-6~1.46×10-6）,具有高的Sr/Y比值（44~282）;富集Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素及Cr、Ni、Co、V等相容元素。富Nb玄武岩富Na2O、贫K2O、高TiO2,其Nb含量较高,介于16.9×10-6~17.9×10-6之间,具有高的Nb/Ta、Nb/U、（Nb/La）N比值,同时富集高场强元素。埃达克岩锆石U-Pb定年得到453±4Ma和457±4Ma的结晶年龄。锆石εHf（t）范围较大,介于3.40~13.23之间,对应的二阶段模式年龄tDM2介于1059~566Ma之间,显示以新生物质为主的特征。综合研究表明柴北缘东段埃达克岩可能为岛弧环境下俯冲的南祁连大洋板片部分熔融的产物。板片来源的埃达克质熔体交代或与上覆地幔楔橄榄岩反应,导致被交代的地幔橄榄岩部分熔融而形成富Nb玄武质岩浆。柴北缘东段埃达克岩-富Nb玄武岩火山岩组合的厘定表明南祁连洋可能直到~455Ma之前并未完全闭合,同时表明俯冲大洋板片的部分熔融可能是柴北缘早古生代地壳增生的一种重要方式。 相似文献
3.
阿尔金红柳沟蛇绿混杂岩中MORB与OIB组合的地球化学证据 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
阿尔金红柳沟地区早古生代蛇绿混杂带中含有地幔橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩、细碧化玄武岩、硅质岩、复理石等岩石组合。笔者研究证实，该地区蛇绿岩中变基性岩具有过渡型洋中脊玄武岩（T－MORB）的特征，并发现蛇绿岩在混杂带中与洋岛玄武岩（OIB）共生。在球粒陨石标准化的稀土元素配分图上，T－MORB型变基性岩配分型式为平坦型；OIB中TiO2含量高，近3％，富集高场强元素Nb、Ta等，稀土元素配分型式为轻稀土富集型。MORB和OIB组合的出现说明早古生代时，该地区存在过洋盆。这一组合可与北祁连进行对比。 相似文献
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新疆南天山榆树沟高压麻粒岩地体的原岩是一层序基本完整的蛇绿岩套。该岩套主要由变质橄榄岩、超镁铁质-镁铁质堆晶岩、下部洋脊拉斑玄武岩、以及上部洋脊拉斑玄武岩等四个岩石单元构成。其岩石学和REE与相对惰性微量元素的地球化学特征表明,该蛇绿岩中的玄武岩属洋脊型;结合区域地质背景分析,初步认为榆树沟蛇绿岩可能形成于具相当规模的洋盆构造环境。锆石U-Pb年龄表明其形成时代为早古生代中晚期,证实西南天山早古生代蛇绿岩确已延伸至库米什一带。榆树沟麻粒岩相蛇绿岩套的确定以及对其独特的形成和俯冲-折返过程进行深入研究,不仅对进一步探讨天山构造带的形成和演化有重要意义,而且对发展大陆动力学理论也具重要参考价值。 相似文献
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望天鹅火山岩石地球化学特征及其成因 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
东北吉林望天鹅新生代火山岩（7．04—1．86Ma）主要由玄武粗安岩和碱性流纹岩组成。玄武粗安岩的SiO2介于49．38％-53．31％之间;K2O＋Na2O为4．27％-7．72％;∑REE为163．69×10^-6-258．55×10^-6,Eu异常不明显,δEu为0．72～1．17;碱性流纹岩具高SiO2（70．39％～71．49％）含量,高碱（K2O＋Na2O为9．28％～9．49％）,高稀土总量（∑REE介于309．30×10^-6～465．03×10^-6之间）,明显的Eu负异常,3Eu为0．52～0．71。碱性流纹岩的微量元素含量较玄武粗安岩高,且具有明显的Sr、P、Ti负异常。望天鹅火山岩的^87Sr／^86Sr比值在0．705156-0．709029之间,而^144Nd／^143Nd比值变化较小,介于0．512295～0．512602之间;放射性成因Pb同位素变化范围也较小,^206Ph／^204Pb为17．254～18．090,^207Ph／^204Pb为15．460～15．507,^208Pb／^204Ph为37．278—38．048。综合分析火山岩的主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd—Pb同位素特点,初步认为望天鹅火山的玄武粗安岩和碱性流纹岩具有相同的地幔源区。玄武粗安岩起源于微弱富集上地幔,在上升过程中结晶分异形成了碱性流纹岩。 相似文献
8.
Re-Os同位素对峨眉山大火成岩省成因制约的探讨 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
峨眉山大火成岩省（ELIP）主要由玄武岩、玄武质火山碎屑岩及少量的苦橄岩（包括越南的科马提岩）、长英质岩石以及层状岩体和岩墙组成,其物质来源直接关系到其成因是否与地幔柱活动有关。Re-Os同位素体系是地核、地幔和地壳物质的最佳示踪剂。前人对ELIP内的Re-Os同位素研究表明,低Ti玄武岩的Os含量为0．006×10^-9-0．40010^-9,^187Os／^188Os初始值为0．1371～1．403,并提出其与地幔柱活动有关;而高Ti玄武岩的Os含量为0．00410^-9～0．56010^-9,^187Os／^188Os初始值为0．1271～5．19,认为起源于大陆岩石圈地幔或地幔柱上升过程中受到大量岩石圈地幔“混染”（xu JF et al．,2007）;科马提岩的0s含量为1．2410^-9～7．0010^-9,^187Os／^188Os初始值为0．1251～0．1261,苦橄岩的Os含量为0．3210^-9～2．32910^-9,^187Os／^188Os初始值为0．1233～0．1266,指示苦橄岩和科马提岩均来自亏损地幔源区（Hanski et al．,2004;陈雷等,2007）。本文利用Os含量最低、^187Os／^188Os最高的高Ti玄武岩作为地壳端员,用铁质陨石、原始上地幔（PUM）和亏损地幔（DMM）作为地核和各种地幔端员,分别做二元混合计算,结果显示绝大多数玄武岩和所有苦橄岩及科马提岩均落在地壳和DMM混合曲线附近,并且邻区特提斯洋地幔岩与DMM具有相近的Os含量和^187Os／^188Os组成,据此推测峨眉山火成岩的形成与特提斯洋的活动有关,主要受控于地壳和亏损地幔的相互作用。 相似文献
9.
位于新疆北部富蕴县库尔提一带的晚古生代变质玄武岩和辉长岩系含有似岛弧火山岩（arc-like)和似洋中脊玄武岩（MORB－like)成分的两种组分，岩石以出现不同程度的LREE亏损和Nb、Ta等元素的负异常为特征，在成分上非常相似于现代弧后盆地（Mariana和Okinawa弧后盆地）的玄武岩。我们厘定这套变质的镁铁质火成岩为弧后盆地蛇绿岩，它们很可能代表了晚古生代古亚洲洋北侧的一个洋内岛弧的弧后盆地系统，表明晚古生代早期新疆北部地区处于与古亚洲洋俯冲有关的岛弧环境，该古洋在晚石炭世－二叠纪消减消失后，两侧西伯利亚和哈萨克－准噶尔板块才开始碰撞和造山。 相似文献
10.
对出露于甘肃夏河地区,隶属西秦岭的印支晚期复式岩体的地质地球化学研究表明。其岩石具有与典型埃达克岩相似的特征：SiO2多数（72％～58％）,高Al2O3（16．7％～14．6％）,Sr多数大于（400×10^-6）,低Y（16×10^-6～7×10^-6）和Yb（1．7×10^-6～0．56×10^-6）,明显亏损Nb和Ta,稀土元素分异强烈,富集LREE,低HREE,并有较弱的Eu负异常（δEu为0．9～0．4）在（La／Yb）N-Yb和Sr／Y-Y图解上样品主要落入埃达克质岩区域。该套埃达克质岩的厘定,对研究秦岭造山带晚古生代古特提斯洋的构造演化、地球动力学特征具有重要意义。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献