共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
盐湖相生油岩中某些地球化学参数与沉积环境的关系 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：12
柴达木盆地西部第三系盐湖相沉积生油岩中，含有丰富的碳酸盐岩，局部层段还含有盐岩、石膏和芒硝。生油岩中生物标志化合物的组成和分布与沉积环境有着密切的关系。沉积环境中盐度的增加可以抑制Ｔｍ向Ｔｓ的转化，反映母源输入的参数甾烷Ｃ２７／Ｃ２８十Ｃ２９比值，随岩石中Ｃｌ－离子含量的增加而增大。成熟度参数藿烷Ｃ３１Ｓ／Ｒ及甾烷Ｃ２９ββ／αα＋ββ比值随岩石中碳酸盐含量的增加而减小，表明碳酸盐对甾烷和藿烷的差向异构化反应存在着迟缓效应。 相似文献
2.
民和盆地中侏罗统煤-油页岩层系生油特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文简要论述了民和盆地中侏罗统含煤及油页岩层系的生油特征，探讨了盆地独特的石油地质和地球化学条件。原油主要地化特征为:Ｐｒ/Ｐｈ比值偏高（２.６５-３.１５）、甾烷/藿烷比值极低（０.０３）、Ｃ２７甾烷较丰富、Ｔｓ/Ｔｍ＞１低硫芴/氧芴比值、较高含量的Ｃ２９降新藿烷及重排藿烷类化合物及相对丰富的长链联苯及烷基四氢萘系列化合物。中侏罗统煤－泥页岩层系含生油潜力明显不同的多类型油页岩，多数油页岩属由藻类和陆生高等植物母质组成的混合型有机质，沉积环境为淡水－微咸水弱氧化条件，其地化特征也表现为高Ｐｒ/Ｐｈ比值（平均为１。９８），低甾烷/藿烷及低硫芴/氧芴比值等特征。某些油页岩富含Ｃ２９降新藿烷及重排藿烷系列化合物，它们应为主力源岩。油页岩多含再沉积型或沉积改造型有机质。异常地热作用对源岩演化及原油地化特征有重要影响。 相似文献
3.
4.
25—降藿烷系列的“异常”分布及其成因 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
２５－降藿烷系列是一类通常作为原油遭受深度生物降解作用可靠标志的生物标志物，笔者了近在研究新疆三塘湖盆地某井上二叠统生油岩和油砂样以及辽河高升油田某些曹受不同程度生物降解作用的稠油时发现了２５－降藿烷系列的“异常”分布：即２５－降藿烷系列存在于上述二叠统生油岩和未遭生物降解的油砂，而非生物降解的稠油中，为此笔者认为，２５－降藿烷系列不一定是原油遭受生物降解作物后的产物，它在生油岩中的存在表明成岩早 相似文献
5.
鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区长10油源及成藏条件分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在鄂尔多斯盆地的陕北志丹地区勘探发现了长10油藏,原油密度为0．8152g／cm^3,全烃色谱图的主峰为nC13～nC15油质较轻。轻烃组分中环烷烃较为丰富,芳烃含量低,呈姥植均势（Pr／Ph为1．21～1.45）,原油的δ^13CP08值为-31．78％。,甾萜烷分布与主要参数特征为：重排藿烷类相对丰度很高、伽马蜡烷低,Ts／Tm比值很高（5.54～7．26）C30^＊／C50藿烷比值高（0．67～0．72）,C29Ts／C30藿烷比值高（0．38～0．52）,甾烷中重排甾烷较高、αβ和βα构型甾烷丰富。ααα-20R构型甾烷呈不对称“V”型分布,反映了较为典型的湖相油型油特征。油-油、油-源对比显不,该区长10原油来自长7优质烃源岩。石油可能是在湖盆中部长7优质烃源岩发育的地区通过垂向倒灌进入长10油层组、经侧向运聚成藏的。据此,预测盆地长9和长10油层组具备良好的成藏与勘探潜力。 相似文献
6.
汉诺坝玄武岩中辉石岩类包体Nd,Sr,Pb同位素及其成因信息 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
对汉诺坝地区的１２个辉石岩和１个麻粒岩包体进行了Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ、Ｐｂ同位素测定，发现辉石岩组成有很大变化，＾１４３Ｎｄ／＾１４４Ｎｄ比值为０．５１１６０－０．５１３１４，＾８７Ｓｒ／＾６Ｓｒ比值为０．７０２９－０．７０８６，＾２０６Ｐｂ／＾２０４Ｐｂ比值为１５．９４２－１８．６８３，＾２０７Ｐｂ／＾２０４Ｐｂ比值为１５．２４－１５．５６９，＾２０８Ｐｂ／＾２０４Ｐｂ比值为３６．２１３－３８．７４４，显 相似文献
7.
香港气溶胶烃类物质组成,分布及来源初探 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
总悬浮颗粒和１０μｍ以下人体可吸入颗粒物，即ＲＳＰ样品采自香港市区和郊区，样品采用超声抽提和硅胶层析柱分离，使用气相色谱，气相色谱－质谱（ＧＣ，ＧＣ－ＭＳＤ）分析饱和烃和芳烃馏分。研究表明，ＴＳＰ样品中含有化石燃料燃烧和生物来源的脂肪烃，包括正构烷烃，甾烷和藿烷类等有机物。芳香烃主要由２－７环的多环芳烃组成，其中１０种属美国优先控制污染物，ＲＳＰ样品中主要含生物来源的正构烷烃，含少量代表化石燃烧产 相似文献
8.
泌阳凹陷核桃园组未熟-低熟油地球化学特征及精细油源对比 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
未熟-低熟油在南襄盆地泌阳凹陷广泛分布,并具有饱和烃含量较低、胶质和沥青质含量较高的特征.在分析泌阳凹陷未熟-低熟油地球化学特征的基础上,开展了精细油源对比,并研究了未熟-低熟油的形成条件.泌阳凹陷未熟-低熟油成熟度参数:C29ααα20S/(S R)峰面积比值为0.10～0.33,C29ββ/(αα ββ)峰面积比值为0.11～0.28,Ts/(Ts Tm)峰面积比值均不大干0.34,具有未熟一低熟油成熟度低的特征.利用伽马蜡烷/C30藿烷峰面积比值和三环萜烷/(C29 C30)藿烷峰面积比值两项指标将泌阳凹陷未熟-低熟油划分为A、B和C型.A型具有伽马蜡烷/C30藿烷峰面积比值和三环萜烷/(C29 C30)藿烷峰面积比值都较低的"两低"特征,母源主要为核三段上部泥质烃源岩;B型具有伽马蜡烷/C30霍垸峰面积比值和三环萜烷/(C29 C30)藿烷峰面积比值均较高的"两高"特征,与核三段下部泥质烃源岩具有很好的亲缘关系;C型具有伽马蜡烷/C30藿烷峰面积比值高,但三环萜烷/(C29 C30)藿烷峰面积比值低的"一高一低"特征,源岩为核二段白云岩.研究表明泌阳凹陷核三段和核二段未熟-低熟烃源岩高可溶有机质含量和有利的生储组合关系是研究区未熟-低熟油形成的两个重要条件. 相似文献
9.
青海湖沉积物中的甾醇及其演化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Ｃ２７，Ｃ２８和Ｃ２９甾醇（△５.２２，△２２，△５和△５.２４（２８）和５α－甾烷醇）在青海湖三孔近代沉积物（ＱＨ，ＱＥ和ＱＯ）中被检出。其中以Ｃ２９甾醇占优势。在ＱＥ和ＱＧ孔沉积物中还检出了低浓度的三个Ｃ３０甾醇（４α，２３，２４－三甲基－５α－胆甾－２２Ｅ－烯醇（甲藻甾醇），４α－甲基－２４－乙基－５α－胆甾－２２Ｅ－烯醇和４α－甲基－２４－乙基－５α－胆甾烷醇］。在ＱＨ和ＱＧ孔上部层段沉积物中，Ｃ２７，Ｃ２９.饱和的和不饱和的甾醇的碳数分布的平行性，甾烷醇/△５－甾醇及△２２－/△５.２２－甾醇的比值随沉积物埋深而增加提供了甾酸氢化作用的间接证据。青海湖沉积物中的甾醇主要来自湖区丰富的高等植物和湖中的藻类等。在ＱＧ孔８０～１００ｃｍ和１２０～１４０ｃｍ层段沉积物中，５ａ－胆甾烷醇浓度迅速增加可能反映特殊的生物（介形类）对该二层段沉积物中高浓度的胆甾烷醇的贡献。 相似文献
10.
塔里木盆地北部隆起原油混合作用半定量评价 总被引：13，自引：5，他引：13
塔里木盆地北部隆起油气类型非常复杂，多期充注和储层内的混合作用极为普遍，早期充注原油遭受过生物降解作用的强烈改造，油质非常重，烃类含量和组成发生很大变化，表现为正烷烃和类异戊二烯烃完全消失，甾烷和藿烷被严重破坏，形成大量25－降藿烷，三芳甾相对富集。后期充注的正常原油油质较轻，正烷烃和类异戊二烯烃完整分布，25－降藿烷和三芳甾含量极低。两期充注原油在储层内不同的混合程度造成原油物性和分子组成复杂多变，其变化受控于混合比。根据混合油中正烷烃和25－降藿烷的绝对含量以及三芳甾的相对含量，对油藏内两期充注油的贡献进行了半定量计算，结果表明塔河油田4号构造早期充注的残留油与新近充注的正常油含量相当，塔河3号构造除沙47原油中含20％左右的早期充注油外，基本属晚期充注的产物；哈得逊油田早期充注的残留油含量在5％－15％之间，表明该油田的形成期很晚；乡3井原油中早期充注的残留油约占1／4，羊屋2井主要是晚期充注的贡献。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献