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豫西偃龙煤田深部铝土矿地质特征及矿床成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
偃龙煤田深部铝土矿区位于豫西铝土矿成矿区嵩箕铝土矿成矿小区,是豫西铝土矿成矿区的重要组成部分。区内铝土矿赋存于上石炭统本溪组中上部,下伏具有岩溶特征的寒武—奥陶纪灰岩,沉积相为滨岸泻湖泥岩相区,属海相沉积的一水硬铝石岩溶型矿床,矿体主要填充在岩溶作用形成的负地形之中。本文系统阐述了矿区的含矿岩系、矿床地质及矿石质量特征等,研究了本区铝土矿的成矿地质条件、矿床的展布规律和富集规律,对矿床成因及控矿因素进行了分析,指出铝土矿床分布在坳陷区边部及隆起区的过渡带,铝土矿的厚度和品质与本溪组厚度有着明显的正相关关系,预测深部仍有较好的成矿远景。 相似文献
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本文通过对遵义铝土矿中的主要铝矿物——一水硬铝石矿物学特征的研究,初步阐述了不同生长条件下的一水硬铝石其形态、颜色、杂质元素有一定的差异。 相似文献
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广西铝土矿矿床类型有沉积一水硬铝石型、堆积一水硬铝石型和堆积三水铝石型三种, 各类型铝土矿矿床均有相当数量达中-大型规模。矿石质量以堆积一水硬铝石型铝土矿最佳。广西铝土矿矿集区主要位于桂西和桂中地区, 其次为桂西南地区, 其中百色市的那坡—靖西—德保和平果—田东—田阳两个矿集区分布有广西大部分优质一水硬铝石型铝土矿矿床; 桂中地区的矿集区以堆积三水铝土矿分布为主; 桂西南扶绥—龙州矿集区亦具有一定的规模。广西沉积一水硬铝石型铝土矿矿床受控于上二叠统合山组煤系地层, 其后期风化形成了堆积一水硬铝石型铝土矿床, 而堆积三水铝土矿床则主要为碳酸盐岩分布区第四纪红土型风化作用形成的。广西铝土矿划分为两个矿床系列组合, 一为与沉积作用有关的矿床系列组合, 二为与风化作用有关的矿床成矿系列组合。作者采用全国统一成矿预测方法预测了广西铝土矿资源潜力, 圈出了7个铝土矿成矿远景区。下一步找矿将以探查沉积一水硬铝石型铝土矿为主。 相似文献
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通过对偃龙地区铝土矿成矿的古地理环境特征、含矿岩系的岩相学特征、岩石矿物特征、成矿元素富集特征的研究,分析了晚石炭世本溪组铝土矿风化成矿作用的三个阶段脱硅富铝的动态变化过程,进而探讨了本区晚石炭世风化作用条件下的铝土矿成矿过程。研究结果认为,在风化作用为主的铝土矿成矿过程中,含矿母岩首先生成黏土矿物,然后当岩石中Al2O3含量接近35%时,开始生成以三水铝石为主的最初铝土矿,最后铝土矿在盖层覆盖下,在一定的温度压力条件下三水铝石转化为一水硬铝石,并最终形成“煤-黏土-铝土-铁质黏土”这种本溪组铝土矿系的典型结构。 相似文献
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山西孝义铝土矿扫描电镜研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文用扫描电子显微镜和能量色散谱仪研究了山西孝义铝土矿的微观形态和结构,并与国内其他几个铝土矿略作比较。认为孝义铝土矿可分为四个地质层位,多层微观形态和结构具有明显特征。C层是一水硬铝石最富集的一层,其晶体发育程度不及河南新安铝土矿,但比广西平果铝土矿中的一水硬铝石晶体略为完整。 相似文献
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贵州铝土矿资源丰富,是中国第二大铝土矿资源基地,其铝土矿资源量约占全国总量的17％;主要分布在修文—清镇、凯里—黄平、遵义—瓮安和正安—道真4个矿集区.对贵州4个铝土矿矿集区成矿特征的研究表明,铝土矿的含矿层位主要有3个（下石炭统、上石炭统和中二叠统）,含矿层位在空间分布上具有由南向北、由西向东逐渐变新的特点;下伏地层提供了成矿物质和聚矿空间;矿床类型为古风化壳再沉积型,含矿岩段均为铝质岩段,开采矿物为—水硬铝石;矿石自然类型以土状,碎屑状和致密状为主,矿石工业类型以低铁低硫型矿石为主;3个矿集区铝土矿的化学组分和矿物组分相似,只是在含量上有所差别;铝土矿中的伴生有用元素较多,尤以Ga元素为代表,具有较大的经济价值. 相似文献
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瓦厂坪铝土矿床是黔北务川-正安-道真铝土矿成矿区内的大型古风化壳沉积型铝土矿床,其含矿岩系位于下二叠统栖霞组(P2q)灰岩和志留系中下统韩家店组(S1-2hj)泥页岩之间的下二叠统梁山组(P2l)地层中。铝土矿石的矿物组成主要以硬水铝石、勃姆石、高岭石、蒙脱石以及赤铁矿为主,其次还含有少量的三水铝石、黄铁矿、针铁矿、锐钛矿、锆石、长石和石英等。矿物学特征表明,铝土矿物质经历了搬运和重新沉积。研究表明铝土矿石及下伏志留系韩家店组泥页岩的稀土元素地球化学特征较相似,暗示韩家店组泥页岩可能为铝土矿主要的成矿原岩。铝土矿床的形成是下伏韩家店组泥页岩通过长期原位风化作用逐步转变而来的。铝土矿剖面上稀土元素的地球化学演化是多方面因素综合作用的结果,这些因素包括:原岩类型、p H值、矿物颗粒的大小、地下水的化学性质、剖面上Fe的浓度变化、所含矿物的种类以及稀土元素的地球化学性质等因素。根据地质学、矿物学和地球化学数据,对务川瓦厂坪铝土矿床提出了4阶段的成矿模式。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献