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利用宝鸡市11个县(区)气象站1964—2013年观测资料及低温冻害灾害调查资料,对宝鸡市初、终霜冻日和无霜期的时空分布特征进行分析,结果表明:宝鸡市平均初霜冻日多在9月中旬至10月上旬,平均终霜冻日多在4月上旬至5月上旬,初霜冻日随海拔高度的增高而提前,终霜冻日随海拔高度的增高而推迟。渭河河谷地带无霜期最长为214d,秦岭北麓太白山区最短为150d。宝鸡市初霜冻日呈推迟趋势,线性趋势率为2.4d/10a,50a约推后了12d;终霜冻日总体呈提前趋势,线性趋势率为-1.3d/10a,50a约提前了9d。无霜期以3.7d/10a的线性趋势率延长,50a约延长了18d。50a间宝鸡的气温呈显著上升趋势,1996年发生突变,在气温发生突变后,全市平均初霜冻日推迟了11.9d,终霜冻日提前了11.8d,最早初霜冻日推迟了24.9d,最晚终霜冻日提前了24.5d,无霜期范围向南北部山区推移扩大。 相似文献
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黑龙江省作物成熟期近50a初霜冻分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用日最低温度≤1℃作为黑龙江省作物成熟期的霜冻指标,分析黑龙江省各地的初霜冻在近50 a的变化,并利用5 a滑动平均和线性倾向估计检验变化趋势,从作物安全成熟角度,分析黑龙江省各地80%保证率下初霜冻的时间分布。结果表明:在近50 a黑龙江省6个代表点的初霜冻出现的时间总体呈偏晚的趋势,5 a滑动平均表明6个代表点周期性偏晚趋势显著,线性倾向估计表明6个代表点初霜冻均呈偏晚趋势,且农区北端的呼玛、松嫩平原的哈尔滨市和牡丹江半山区的牡丹江市偏晚趋势显著;制作了80%保证率下黑龙江省初霜冻时间分布图,各地可根据该图对不同作物及不同熟性品种进行合理搭配,可以保证作物在霜前正常成熟。 相似文献
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青河1961—2008年霜冻的气候特征和变化规律分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
王海岩 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2009,3(5):33-35
通过分析1961-2008年青河初（终）霜冻和无霜冻期序列,探讨了它们的变化趋势,结果表明：青河近48a来初霜冻以5d／10a的速度推迟,终霜冻以4d／10a的速度提前,无霜冻期以9d／10a的速度延长。初（终）霜冻、无霜冻期在20世纪80年代初发生了转折。20世纪60-70年代,初霜冻提前,终霜冻推迟,无霜冻期缩短;80年代以后初霜冻推迟、终霜冻提前,无霜冻期延长。这种变化趋势与气候变暖一致。 相似文献
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利用1961—2007年我国577个测站的均一化逐日最低气温资料, 根据通用的霜冻气候统计指标计算历年初、终霜冻日期及无霜冻期。结果显示:初、终霜冻日期及无霜冻期标准差和极差北方地区较南方地区偏小; 全国大部地区终霜冻日期的年际间差异比初霜冻日期大, 无霜冻期的年际变化又比终霜冻日期大; 从线性变化趋势看, 近47年, 全国平均终霜冻日期提早2.0d/10a, 初霜冻日期推迟1.3d/10a, 无霜冻期延长3.4d/10a;终霜冻日期提早幅度大于初霜冻日期推迟幅度; 从年代际变化来看, 全国平均终霜冻日期自20世纪80年代起明显提早, 初霜冻日期20世纪90年代开始明显推迟, 全国平均终霜冻日期提早时间明显比初霜冻日期推迟时间长; 同终霜冻期年代际变化一样, 全国平均无霜冻期自20世纪80年代起明显延长。 相似文献
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利用1972—2021年沧州市14个气象站常规观测资料,采用趋势系数、Mann-Kendall检验、Hurst指数和Morlet小波分析方法,分析了河北省沧州地区霜冻日数、初霜冻、终霜冻的变化特征和趋势预测情况。结果表明：沧州市平均霜冻日数呈减少、初霜冻呈推迟、终霜冻呈提前趋势,且在2000年左右分别发生由多到少、由早到晚、由晚到早的显著突变。在空间上,霜冻日数、初霜冻、终霜冻大体由西北向东南分别减少、推迟、提前;三者变化趋势全区表现一致,但趋势强度空间分布不均。霜冻日数分别在11—13 a和28 a时间尺度上存在7—8 a和18—19 a的明显周期,初霜冻在25 a时间尺度上存在16—18 a的明显周期,而终霜冻在10—15 a时间尺度上存在6—7 a的明显周期。未来沧州市霜冻日数将在大幅波动中持续下降,初霜冻将平缓的持续推迟,而终霜冻将在大幅波动中持续提前。 相似文献
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依据新疆乌苏1961—2010年近50a逐日最低气温资料,对乌苏市初、终霜冻日,无霜冻期,异常霜冻的气候变化特征进行分析。结果表明：乌苏市平均初霜冻日为10月19日,终霜冻日为4月7日,无霜冻期为193d;初霜冻日以3．1d／10a的速率推后,终霜冻日以0．2d／lOa的速率推后,无霜冻期约以2．3d／lOa的速率延长;进入21世纪后,初霜冻日推迟和无霜冻期延长的变化趋势非常显著;异常霜冻发生次数20世纪60年代出现最多,以80年代末为界限,表现为先减少后增加的趋势;极端偏早初霜冻和极端偏晚终霜冻发生的概率分别为10％和6％。 相似文献
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以≤0℃地面最低气温作为霜冻指标,利用平凉地区7个气象观测站1971～2012年的逐日地面最低气温资料,采用现代气候诊断方法,分析了初、终霜冻和无霜冻期的变化特征。结果表明：在近42年间,平凉市初、终霜冻日数呈减少趋势,无霜冻期延长;初霜冻发生频率减小,终霜冻发生频率增加;平均初霜冻日期呈推迟变化趋势,终霜冻日期呈提早变化趋势,无霜冻期呈延长变化趋势,其气候倾向率均大于2d/10a,并均通过α=0.05的显著性检验;平凉地区初霜冻日普遍推后1～5d,终霜冻日普遍提前1～5d,无霜冻期普遍延长1～9d。平凉各地霜冻受灾程度差异较大,灵台和庄浪在受灾人口、直接经济损失和农业经济损失方面受灾较重。 相似文献
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青海省近45年霜冻变化特征及其对主要作物的影响 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
利用青海省22个地面气象站1961-2005年霜冻气候资料及日最低气温资料,对东部农业区、柴达木盆地等地的霜冻气候变化特征以及对主要作物的影响进行研究。结果表明：45年来,青海省大部分地区早（秋）霜冻初日推迟,晚（春）霜冻终日提前,无霜冻期延长。东部农业区霜冻初日推迟、终日提前的趋势最为明显,柴达木盆地次之,祁连山地区和青南高原霜冻初日推迟趋势较明显,而终日提前趋势不明显;大部分地区重霜冻频数减少,强度减弱,春霜冻期低温强度变化趋势较秋霜冻期明显;气候变暖使早霜冻危害减轻,晚霜冻危害加重。 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Hourly outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) from the geostationary satellite Communication Oceanography Meteorological Satellite(COMS) has been retrieved since June 2010. The COMS OLR retrieval algorithms are based on regression analyses of radiative transfer simulations for spectral functions of COMS infrared channels. This study documents the accuracies of OLRs for future climate applications by making an intercomparison of four OLRs from one single-channel algorithm(OLR12.0using the 12.0 μm channel) and three multiple-channel algorithms(OLR10.8+12.0using the 10.8 and 12.0 μm channels; OLR6.7+10.8using the 6.7 and 10.8 μm channels; and OLR All using the 6.7, 10.8, and 12.0 μm channels). The COMS OLRs from these algorithms were validated with direct measurements of OLR from a broadband radiometer of the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System(CERES) over the full COMS field of view [roughly(50°S–50°N, 70°–170°E)] during April 2011.Validation results show that the root-mean-square errors of COMS OLRs are 5–7 W m-2, which indicates good agreement with CERES OLR over the vast domain. OLR6.7+10.8and OLR All have much smaller errors(～ 6 W m-2) than OLR12.0and OLR10.8+12.0(～ 8 W m-2). Moreover, the small errors of OLR6.7+10.8and OLR All are systematic and can be readily reduced through additional mean bias correction and/or radiance calibration. These results indicate a noteworthy role of the6.7 μm water vapor absorption channel in improving the accuracy of the OLRs. The dependence of the accuracy of COMS OLRs on various surface, atmospheric, and observational conditions is also discussed. 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献