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2 .5 印度印度是较早开展空间遥感技术开发并取得成功的发展中国家。印度于 1975年 4月发射“阿里亚塔”号卫星 ,星载 2台印度自制的电视摄像机和特高频微波辐射计 ,进行了遥感试验。 1979年和 1981年先后发射“巴斯卡拉” - 1和“巴斯卡拉” - 2 ,取得成功 ,为进一步遥感卫星的发展打下了基础。从1982年起 ,印度开始研制“罗西尼”系列对地观测小卫星 ,分 4 0公斤级和 15 0公斤级 (SROSS)两种。头两颗分别于 1987年 5月和 1988年发射 ,但失败。第 3颗于 1992年 5月 2 0日发射 ,但卫星进入了一条比较低的轨道。 1994年 5月 4日射第 4颗 ,… 相似文献
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中巴资源卫星数据影像在新疆国土资源环境综合遥感调查项目中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中巴资源一号卫星(CBERS-1)是我国于1999年发射的第一颗地球资源卫星.它携带的CCD多光谱相机可获取B1(0.45~0.52 靘),B2(0.52~0.59 靘),B3(0.63~0.69 靘),B4 (0.77~0.89 靘),B5(0.51~0.73 靘)的图像数据,其空间分辨率为20 m,重复观测周期为26天,扫描宽度为113 km.与Landsat TM数据相比,具有空间分辨率较高,价格低廉等优势,适用于从事大中比例尺的资源和环境调查评价. 新疆国土资源环境综合遥感调查项目开始于2000年,考虑到新疆国土资源环境综合遥感调查项目组已有数据情况、费用情况、以及其它各种因素,决定用中巴资源卫星遥感数据为… 相似文献
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从美国发射其第一颗遥感卫星一陆地卫星－1算起的30余年里，世界范围内商业遥感卫星技术已经有了巨大的进步，越来越多的国家和国际团体拥有自己的遥感卫星。除了更多各类的遥感器得以使用外，卫星的图像分辨率和覆盖能力也有了很大的改进。未来的发展更加令人振奋。国外遥感卫星（包括已经发射和计划要发射的卫星）简介是根据从国内外出版物中获得的信息整编而成，旨在给遥感应用提供一个现在和未来图像信息源的总的概念。 相似文献
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水文水资源监测是对地观测系统的重要任务之一,是支撑新时代水利高质量发展、满足“三水”共治需求和践行“十六字”治水策略的直接有效途径,而卫星遥感技术提供了一种大范围、快速和高精度的数据获取渠道。但是现有卫星遥感在水文水资源应用上存在多星同步观测难、应急响应能力差和易受天气影响等问题,因此美国国家航空航天局于2022年12月发射了地表水和海洋地形卫星（SWOT）,这是全球第一颗通过多传感器协同观测全球陆地和海洋水资源的卫星,预期将极大提升水文水资源监测的时空分辨率和精度。系统梳理了水文水资源监测卫星发展现状、应用和技术难点等概况,并分析了SWOT卫星的参数、科学任务、算法流程和应用产品等内容,对我国后续卫星设计规划和数据处理关键技术有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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自1972年美国发射“陆地卫星”1号(过去称“地球资源卫星”)以来,卫星遥感技术在矿产勘查及其他工程应用上已逐渐为人们所接受.卫星遥感的优越性是获取地质信息面广、速度快和花费少,因此受到人们日益重视.但是,早先的卫星只装有一种多波段扫描器(MSS),仅能获取四种遥感影象,即红、绿和两种近红外光谱.许多地质学家惋惜这种遥感缺乏用于指示矿物和土 相似文献
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一、简要的回顾现代地质遥感研究的广泛开展开始于第一颗陆地卫星(Landsat-1,原名ERTS-1)的使用(1972年7月)。这种资源卫星对地球的绝大部分地面作周期性的重复覆盖的摄象,提供了全世界范围的高质量的多波谱图象资科,揭示了丰富的地质信息,特别是大型及隐伏的线性构造。随后又陆续发射了陆地卫星2号(1975年1月)及3号(1978年3月),互相 相似文献
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《华北地质矿产杂志》2014,(1):32-32
近日,国家国防科技工业局在北京举行高分一号卫星投入使用仪式。经过几个月的在轨测试,我国首颗设计、考核寿命要求大于5年的低轨遥感卫星——高分一号卫星正式投入使用,将在国土资源、农业和环境保护领域发挥重大作用。 相似文献
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美苏两霸从一九五八年开始,争相发展空间技术,为其霸权主义服务.近年来,他们又打着"和平利用空间"的旗号,欺骗和麻痹世界人民,发射各种类型的人造卫星和宇宙飞船,肆无忌惮地对各国进行空间间谍侦察,窥测和收集全球性地球资源和军事情报.美国政府为了缓和本国人民对登月计划和军事空间活动的强烈不满,从六十年代中期开始酝酿利用空间技术勘测地球资源,准备发射一系列地球资源勘测卫星.迄今美国已经发射了两颗,第一颗叫"地球资源技术卫星"(ERTS-1),于1972年7月23日发射,并向地面传输卫星象片.第二颗叫"大地卫星"(LANDSAT),于1975年1月19日发射,进入轨道后第三 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献