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1.
飞机积冰云微物理特征分析及监测技术研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
利用7个架次有积冰报告的飞机探测资料,对积冰云的微物理特征进行了分析,详细描述了云中相态组成、液水含量、中值体积直径和过冷大滴浓度特征。介绍了基于卫星、数值模式输出和地面观测资料的飞机积冰潜势监测技术,在与20个飞机探测积冰报告对比中,积冰监测可识别率为90%,并应用飞机积冰潜势监测技术具体分析了2010年10月26日的积冰个例。最后介绍了基于积冰潜势监测技术的飞机积冰监测系统,该系统能够支持水平分辨率为20 km、垂直分辨率为25 hPa、时间分辨率为1 h的飞机积冰潜势产品的运算和显示,该系统可为实际业务提供参考。 相似文献
2.
飞机积冰气象条件研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
飞机积冰的直接影响气象因子包括大气温度、云中过冷水含量、过冷水滴大小。飞机积冰气象条件的研究对于飞行安全保障、飞机适航验证、人工影响天气等方面具有重要意义。近年来在飞机积冰气象条件研究方面取得了很大进展,文章对飞机积冰气象条件的外场观测、天气系统、监测识别、预报方法、气候分布等方面进展进行了简要综述,并对有关问题进行了讨论。飞机探测结果表明,过冷水时空分布具有明显不均匀性,国外以大量飞机积冰观测试验为基础统计分析了积冰环境,并制定了用于飞机积冰适航验证的一系列标准。产生飞机积冰的主要天气系统是锋面、高空槽线和切变线,冻雨往往产生强积冰。综合多源遥感数据各自的优势信息,建立飞机积冰区域识别技术是主要趋势。具有对云水显式预报能力的中尺度模式为预报飞机积冰提供了更好的工具。同时将多种监测数据、模式数据相融合的实时积冰潜势系统是新的发展方向。 相似文献
3.
自然结冰试飞是运输类飞机合格审定必须实施的高难度、高风险试飞科目,需要在环境温度、云中液态水含量（LWC）和云滴中值体积直径（MVD）满足条件,含有大量过冷水的环境中完成规定的飞行动作。利用2020年3月16日、26日及27日阎良机场国产某大型运输机自然结冰试飞的地面、高空、卫星、雷达和机载探测等多源观测资料,对3次自然结冰试飞气象条件进行了对比分析,并验证了李佰平等改进的自然结冰潜势算法有效性。结果表明：改进的自然结冰潜势算法对于结冰区域的预报较为准确,但在结冰强度预报上需进一步优化。西风系统因水汽条件不足,结冰气象条件较南支系统要差。高空冷空气未到达试飞区域前,云中环境温度偏高,结冰强度较弱;冷暖空气交汇的区域,LWC较高,MVD较为合适,结冰较强。研究结果对未来在阎良机场开展运输类飞机自然结冰试飞的窗口期和空域选择、协同指挥保障均具有参考意义。 相似文献
4.
华东地区夏季云微物理结构的飞机观测分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用飞机搭载云粒子探头对2014年8月12-28日华东地区云的空间分布特征进行了探测,分析了云的垂直结构和水平分布特征,结合同时探测的气溶胶数据,探讨了云与气溶胶的相互作用关系。探测结果表明,安徽地区层状云云滴平均数浓度在24~297 cm^-3,液态含水量在0.04~0.13 g·m^-3,云滴数浓度随云底高度升高而减小,云滴粒径则随云底升高而增大。层积云(Sc)和雨层云(Ns)的云滴数浓度在云底最高,随高度上升浓度下降,液态含水量在云中部最高,云顶和云底处较低,高层云(As)云滴数浓度和液态含水量峰值均出现在云中上部。云的水平分布不均匀,云粒子双峰分布区域对应液态含水量高值区。Ns对气溶胶清除作用明显,清除方式以活化清除为主、碰并清除为辅。 相似文献
5.
《高原气象》2016,(6)
利用飞机云微物理探测资料,对2004年6月29日甘肃省东南部地区一次层积云(Sc)降水云系的微物理结构特征进行了详细的分析。飞机探测表明,此次云系主要分为两层,上层是纯冷性高积云(Ac),下层是层积云,观测分析主要针对Sc云。对不同高度层及Sc云顶附近的云粒子探测数据的分析结果表明,Sc云中云粒子的垂直及水平特征具有明显的不均匀性;Sc云区下层粒子特征参量起伏变化大,上层起伏变化小;云中含水量和大粒子浓度随高度升高有递增趋势。同一高度云区的粒子特征参量存在差别,表明即使在云区同一高度,不同水平区域的粒子形成和增长条件也有差异。Sc云中含水量较大,暖区最大液水含量达0.34 g·m-3。Sc云底有较强的逆温层存在,对云底附近的微物理结构特征造成一定影响,使得较小的云滴在逆温层顶附近和逆温层下部累积,含水量增大,但对较大尺度的液滴影响不明显。Sc云中不同高度处普遍存在暖雨过程,以Sc中部最为活跃;云顶附近冰相粒子的存在对云中暖云过程具有增强作用,对降水有利。 相似文献
6.
2018年3月17日、27日,国产某型直升机在新疆五家渠地区成功完成2架次自然结冰试飞。利用NCEP/NCAR的1°×1°再分析资料、机测液态水含量资料结合常规气象资料,对2次结冰天气过程的天气环流形势、动力热力特征、液态水含量进行分析。结果表明:17日在高空冷涡、地面冷锋前的环流形势下,试飞高度层位于冷暖平流交汇处,温度为0～-4℃,比湿值为3～3.5 g/kg,处于强水汽辐合中心,并伴有弱上升运动,Ic积冰指数为20～30,云中液态水含量波动较大,飞机挂架上形成0.5 cm厚度的凇冰。27日在高空槽前和地面冷锋后的环流形势下,试飞高度层在弱冷平流中心附近,温度为0～-2℃,比湿值接近4.5 g/kg,处于弱水汽辐合中心边缘,伴有弱上升运动,Ic积冰指数为30～40,云中液态水含量稳定,飞机挂架上形成1～2 cm厚度的明冰。在气象保障中运用探空、云图、雷达、微波辐射计等资料有效预报了积冰区域及高度。 相似文献
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飞机空中积冰的气象条件分析及数值预报试验 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
利用2000年3月至2005年6月山东飞机增雨作业季节,90架次飞机宏观观测资料,对飞机积冰的气象条件和积冰特征进行了分析;并利用PSU/NCAR MM5非静力数值模式,对2005年5月16日增雨作业过程进行了个例研究,在模式准确地预测出了降水的发展趋势和降水范围的基础上,用模式预报场计算的积冰指数和实际飞行观测资料进行了对比试验。结果表明,地面倒槽和冷锋,是山东飞机增雨作业季节的主要作业天气;低压倒槽出现轻度及中度以上积冰所占的比率最大,但南方气旋出现积冰的概率最高,达53.3%;MM5模式预报场计算的积冰指数和垂直上升运动场的叠加,能较好地反映最可能发生积冰的区域、时间及积冰强度,可作为确定飞机增雨作业安全飞行航线的依据。 相似文献
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《高原山地气象研究》2022,(Z1)
利用HTG-4型微波辐射计资料对2018～2020年成都双流机场冬季三次重要天气过程进行分析,结果表明：微波辐射计资料能够反映大雾、霜、积冰三种天气条件下的大气垂直特征及变化趋势,温度数据以及液态水路径LWP对大雾的生消具有很强的监测和预警作用,水汽密度能够帮助预报员提前认识大雾的环境场条件。大气温度数据能够探测逆温层的生消,相对湿度大值区（相对湿度≥85%）可用于判断是否有云,液态水路径LWP的激增对应大雾浓度的增加,但在霜天气情况下一直处于低值。液态水廓线LPR与大气温湿廓线配合可预报或探测空中积冰位置,即大气温度层-10～0℃,且处于高湿区,液态含水量大值区,此时容易造成航空器积冰。 相似文献
10.
一次飞机播撒吸湿性焰剂试验的微物理探测浅析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
2011年夏季,北京市人工影响天气办公室组织了吸湿性焰剂的飞机播撒试验,选取八达岭长城西北的淡积云作为催化对象.试验期间,使用装备了云探测设备的运12飞机进行播撒及云微物理探测.在6月1日的试验中,运用差异化策略分别对不同的淡积云实施了催化,探测发现云中出现了符合暖云增雨概念模型的微物理反应.随后在晴空区实施了烟羽探测试验,通过在吸湿性焰剂烟羽区的穿刺飞行,获得了正在扩散的吸湿性焰剂的粒子谱,了解了播撒后扩散区的微物理特征. 相似文献
11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
12.
Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
14.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
15.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
17.
Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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19.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
20.
《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献