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1.
阿尔金断裂带新生代活动在柴达木盆地中的响应 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
阿尔金断裂新生代以来发生多期次的走滑运动,并伴随强烈的隆升作用,进而影响柴达木盆地新生代的构造演化。本文通过遥感卫星影像解译、地震反射剖面解释、区域地层分析,结合野外考察资料对阿尔金断裂新生代活动在柴达木盆地中的响应进行了研究。对柴达木盆地卫星影像的解译发现盆地中褶皱形态指示了近东西走向的褶皱构造带与近南北走向的褶皱构造带的叠加干涉效应,其中近东西向褶皱构造带是在印度/欧亚板块碰撞作用下青藏高原隆升并向北东扩展过程的响应,近南北向褶皱构造带是阿尔金断裂新生代活动的响应。对NW-SE向穿过阿尔金山-柴达木盆地的盆山结合带地震反射剖面的再解释,发现新生代地层中发育的多层生长地层,记录了阿尔金断裂新生代活动的信息。对盆地中新生代地层分布等厚图褶皱干涉样式的分析表明,上油砂山组沉积时期(14.9Ma)阿尔金断裂活动已经明显影响到柴达木盆地,而狮子沟组沉积时期(8.2~2.6Ma)断裂活动对柴达木盆地改造最强。通过对研究区已有的低温热年代学数据和沉积、构造、磁性地层年代学等方面研究成果的总结和分析,认为阿尔金断裂在新生代至少存在三期(~30Ma,~8Ma、~2.6Ma)强烈的构造活动和隆升作用,在柴达木盆地内表现为相应地质时代沉积速率的加快、沉积物岩性的变化、构造地貌的变形和同构造生长地层的出现。其中后两期(~8Ma、~2.6Ma)构造活动在整个青藏高原及周边地区广泛存在,为准同期构造事件,而月牙山地区地震地表破裂带的发现则表明阿尔金断裂带现在仍在强烈活动,并且直接影响到了柴达木盆地。阿尔金断裂带新生代以来的构造活动具有多期性,并影响和改造了柴达木盆地,可能对油气成藏有重要影响。 相似文献
2.
柴西红沟子地区晚新生代岩石磁学特征及对青藏高原北缘隆升的响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
柴达木盆地为青藏高原东北缘的一个内陆沉积盆地,发育了巨厚的中-新生代沉积地层,这些地层记录了盆地及周缘山地的构造、环境演变历史。本文通过对柴达木盆地西北部红沟子地区晚新生代天然剖面沉积物岩石磁学的研究,表明在约9.8 Ma磁化率值突然增大,同时沉积物中磁铁矿的含量也明显增加。结合剖面沉积物岩相、岩性及沉积速率等分析,依据沉积物磁学性质与环境变化和构造运动之间的关系,我们认为该地区晚新生代物源变化,可能是造成岩石磁学特征在大约9.8 Ma变化的主要原因,同时可能还暗示了青藏高原东北缘一次强烈的构造隆升事件,阿尔金山作为柴达木盆地的物源之一,也响应了此次构造运动,隆升到了一定高度使剥蚀速度增加,这一过程被柴西地区的红沟子构造所记录。 相似文献
3.
青藏高原东北缘寺口子盆地新生代沉积演化及其构造意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
宁夏固原寺口子盆地发育巨厚的新生代地层,这些地层记录了青藏高原东北部的沉积演化特征和构造演变历史。根据剖面沉积物粒度特征、沉积结构和构造、沉积层序,识别出20种岩相、5种沉积相类型。结合前人对寺口子剖面的古地磁测年,分析研究盆地的沉积演化特征以及对构造的响应表明:20.1 Ma盆地以缓慢的坳陷沉降开始演化,直至1.2 Ma遭受破坏。在此期间青藏高原东北部经历了6.4 Ma、4.6 Ma和1.2 Ma这3次明显的构造挤压隆升运动,其中约6.4 Ma的构造运动是青藏高原向东北部扩展首次影响到海原—六盘山断裂以东地区。从盆地的形成和沉积演化过程来看,马东山山前断裂的逆冲推覆,导致了寺口子盆地的强烈变形和构造降升,并且最终成为青藏高原的最新组成部分。 相似文献
4.
青藏高原循化、临夏和贵德盆地新近纪沉积充填
速率演化及其对构造隆升的响应 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对青藏高原东北部循化盆地、临夏盆地和贵德盆地沉积相和沉积充填速率演化的对比分析,提出研究区新生代4个构造隆升阶段。①渐新世晚期—中新世早期(25～20Ma),3个盆地沉积相和沉积速率的变化表明青藏高原新生代向北东的增生作用在渐新世已抵达西秦岭北缘地区,同时,22Ma拉脊山强烈隆升,区域上整体地势差异不显著。②中新世中期(17～13Ma),随着高原东北缘盆山耦合的相互作用,湖盆进一步扩张,14Ma左右积石山的隆起及西秦岭、拉脊山的持续隆升,使得研究区转变为盆地周缘型。③中新世晚期(11～6Ma),8Ma左右沉积相的转变、沉积速率的增大及不整合面的存在,都说明高原在该段时间内存在强烈的构造隆升活动,裂变径迹热年代学证据反映的构造隆升与沉积响应也是一致的。④上新世(5Ma以来),沉积速率继续增大,区域上地势差异增强,湖盆逐步萎缩消亡。 相似文献
5.
柴达木盆地第四纪环境演变、构造变形与青藏高原隆升的关系 总被引：17，自引：6，他引：17
青藏高原北部柴达木盆地发育了巨厚的第四纪河湖相沉积。盆内沉积地层强烈的构造变形以及湖盆环境突变进一步证实了青藏高原经历了多期挤压隆升运动。沉积环境、介形虫和植物孢粉化石及磁性地层研究表明,自距今 2.5Ma以来,青藏高原共经历了距今2.52～2.28Ma,1.94～1.66Ma,1.38～1.1Ma,0.71～0.5Ma和 0.24～0.09Ma 5次强烈的隆升阶段,分别对应于青藏运动B幕和C幕、昆黄运动A幕和B幕以及共和运动。高原内、外 9个盆地的构造—沉积记录对比研究也进一步揭示了青藏高原隆起的整体性和阶段性。 相似文献
6.
青藏高原东北缘构造变形研究是认识整个青藏高原隆升过程、机制以及印欧板块碰撞远程效应的重要途径。受控于昆仑山断裂、阿尔金断裂、祁连山断裂的柴达木盆地,新生代地层发育,较完整地记录了高原东北缘的构造变形信息。尤其柴达木盆地西部地区,构造变形强烈,晚新生代地层出露完整,是研究其晚新生代构造变形历史及驱动机制的理想地区。文中应用平衡剖面和古地磁构造旋转方法,结合最新的磁性地层年代,定量恢复该地区的构造变形历史。结果表明,在挤压应力的控制下该地区自22 Ma以来,构造变形主要表现为地层缩短与构造旋转,且其强度呈阶段性增长,具体又可划分为3个阶段：22~9.1 Ma构造活动平静期、9.1~2.65 Ma构造变形相对加强期、2.65 Ma以来构造变形顶峰期。研究表明,造成柴西地区地层持续缩短和顺时针旋转的关键推动力是印欧板块晚新生代的持续向北推挤、昆仑山-祁曼塔格山向柴达木盆地强烈挤压推覆以及阿尔金左旋走滑断裂大规模的复活。 相似文献
7.
青藏高原东北缘是高原由西南向东北方向扩展的前缘位置，其新生代构造变形对揭示青藏高原隆升、扩展的过程与动力学机制具有重要的意义。柴达木盆地是青藏高原东北缘最大的新生代沉积盆地，发育巨厚的新生代地层，这些地层所记录的古地磁极旋转信息是定量约束柴达木盆地新生代以来构造变形发生的时间、方式与幅度的载体。本文以柴达木盆地北缘新生代地层出露良好、具有精确地层年代控制的路乐河剖面为研究对象，开展了古地磁极旋转研究，统计分析路乐河剖面24. 6~5. 2 Ma之间1477个可靠古地磁样品的特征剩磁方向(ChRM)，发现柴达木盆地北缘路乐河地区在24. 6~16. 4 Ma发生小幅度(不显著)的逆时针旋转，旋转角度约为8. 4°±6. 1°；16. 4~13. 9 Ma路乐河地区发生显著的顺时针旋转，旋转角度可达36. 1°±6. 0°；13. 9~5. 2 Ma 该地区未发生明显的构造旋转；5. 2 Ma以后路乐河地区逆时针旋转了~6°。结合柴达木盆地北缘区域构造变形的分析，我们提出柴达木盆地北缘路乐河地区在16. 4~13. 9 Ma 之间发生强烈的顺时针旋转构造变形(~36°)可能代表了盆地北缘中中新世遭受强烈的地壳差异缩短变形，从而成为高原最新形成的部分。 相似文献
8.
柴西北地区碎屑锆石裂变径迹年龄记录的阿尔金山早新生代隆升事件 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
阿尔金山新生代隆升历史一直倍受关注,大量热年代学数据显示,渐新世(40~30 Ma)以来发生阶段性隆升,而新生代初期隆升的热年代学记录极少。柴达木盆地西北地区(柴西北地区)新生界碎屑锆石裂变径迹年龄研究表明,其物源区单一且在新生代早期古新世中晚始新世(65~50 Ma)发生快速隆升剥露,为该区提供陆源碎屑。前人通过物源分析发现,柴西北时期的碎屑物主要来源于阿尔金山。同时,该区路乐河组下干柴沟组沉积地层残余厚度及沉积相特征表明,此时(65~50 Ma)阿尔金山存在一次短暂抬升,但幅度较小,与盆地高差不大,使柴西地区地形东高西低、北高南低。结合前人研究成果,本研究锆石裂变径迹热年代学数据以及沉积学指标所记录的阿尔金山东段65~50 Ma构造隆升事件,是对新生代印度欧亚板块碰撞的最初响应,也为青藏高原新生代隆升具有南北同步性提供了新的证据。 相似文献
9.
宁夏自治区南部固原寺口子剖面位于青藏高原东北缘,记录了青藏高原隆升、扩展与区域气候变化之间的相互作用过程,重建该地区气候演化历史对于揭示高原隆升与全球气候变冷对亚洲大陆腹地干旱化的影响具有重要意义。通过对寺口子剖面晚渐新世—第四纪地层沉积物色度(a~*、b~*、L~*)的系统测量,建立了29～0.5 Ma颜色指标变化序列,结合研究区内已发表的磁化率、孢粉和总无机碳数据,揭示出该区域气候经历了四个阶段:29～24.8 Ma为最湿热阶段、23.8～18 Ma为较湿热阶段、18～5 Ma为逐渐变冷阶段、5～0.5 Ma为快速变冷阶段。剖面记录了25～24 Ma、18 Ma、5 Ma两次显著的气候变冷事件和3 Ma气候变暖事件。结合青藏高原东北缘新生代盆地气候代用指标,发现这些气候变冷事件和3 Ma气候变暖事件具有区域性。通过对比深海氧同位素记录、北太平洋粉尘通量记录、青藏高原构造隆升事件和研究区气候演化特征,我们认为青藏高原隆升和全球气候变化共同控制了区域气候演化,但在不同时期所起作用有所差异。 相似文献
10.
酒西盆地晚新生代沉积物重矿物分析与高原北部隆升 总被引：24，自引：4，他引：24
沉积物的形成是地壳差异升降运动的物质记录.位于青藏高原北缘的酒西盆地晚新生代沉积比较敏感和全面记录了高原北部的构造运动和隆升过程.老君庙剖面晚新生代沉积物重矿物分析表明13 MaBP以来酒西盆地南部沉积物中重矿物具规律性变化;依据重矿物具规律性变化和沉积特征,揭示了青藏高原北缘晚新生代以来地壳运动经历了稳定期(13～8.26 Ma)、逐步阶段性隆升期(8.26～<4.9 Ma)和急剧强烈整体阶段性隆升期(>3.66～0 Ma)三个重大构造演化过程。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献