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1.
充分发挥专业课程的多维度育人功能是打通基础学科高层次人才培养的关键一环。作为地质学及其相关专业的第一门专业入门课程,《普通地质学》课程主要教授学生地球科学的基本知识、基本技能和基本地质思维等专业知识,同时培养学生的专业兴趣。面对新时代高层次地学人才培养的要求,需要深入挖掘该课程的思政元素,实现教学理念从单纯的传授基础知识、激发专业兴趣到科学素养和人文素养拓展,开启《普通地质学》课程服务地学高层次人才培养的大门。充分利用“将今论古”思想和动力地质作用这两个课程核心内容,培养学生的开拓创新精神和跨学科能力,提升学生的科学素养。同时,依托地质过程的复杂性和庞大的地质时空观等课程核心内容,培养学生的工匠精神、大格局观和发展观,提升人文素养。 相似文献
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通过分析五四运动的相关研究成果和研究部分地质青年的史料,介绍地质青年在五四运动中的作为,展现地质青年爱国报国的风貌,提出新时代地质青年应不忘历史,学习习总书记有关青年的讲话精神,在新时代的地质工作中弘扬五四精神和地质先辈精神,融入地质工作实践,推进地质事业转型发展。 相似文献
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2006年1月20日,国务院颂发了《国务院关于加强地质工作的决定》,这是贯彻党的十六届五中全会精神,全面落实科学发展观,构建社会主义和谐社会,对地质工作提出新的更高的要求。也是党和国家对地质工作者的极大信任和鞭策,广大地质工作者将肩负党和国家的重托。任务光荣,责任重大,必须进一步解放思想．转变观念,主动面向经济社会发展的主战场,要大力弘扬“开拓创新,无私奉献”的精神,要继承发扬“以献身地质事业为荣,以艰苦奋斗为荣,以找矿立功为荣”的优良传统。让我们共同认真学习、贯彻和落实“决定”提出的新目标、新任务,在新时期地质工作中再创辉煌。 相似文献
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谢家荣是中国地质学家群体中极其重要和突出的一位，他在地质科学领域里涉猎面之广，在我国地质界独一无二，是一位“全方位的地质学家”，是现代中国地质学领域当之无愧的拓荒者。本文略述其简历和他在中国煤岩学和煤地质学、土壤学、石油地质学、铀钍矿产地质与勘查、北京西山地质研究、中国大地构造学、矿床学、经济地质学和地质教育领域的贡献与成就。谢家荣对中国地质事业和中国地质学会的建立与成长都作出了不可磨灭的贡献，是我们永远都不应该忘记、都值得纪念的一位伟大的地质学家。 相似文献
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会徽是一种行业标识、一段历史烙印、一个学术品牌,它作为一种信息载体,以简单、形象、易识别的图像表达了学术团体的学术宗旨和使命,同时彰显了学术团体的工作目标、学术精神等科学文化内涵。本文以中国地质学会会徽为分析案例,通过与东西方几个代表性国家地质学会的文化宗旨与会徽内涵的比较,探讨会徽在学会科学文化建设中的作用。 相似文献
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会徽是一种行业标识、一段历史烙印、一个学术品牌,它作为一种信息载体,以简单、形象、易识别的图像表达了学术团体的学术宗旨和使命,同时彰显了学术团体的工作目标、学术精神等科学文化内涵。笔者等以中国地质学会会徽为分析案例,通过与东西方几个代表性国家地质学会的文化宗旨与会徽内涵的比较,探讨会徽在学会科学文化建设中的作用。 相似文献
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运用板块构造理论解释造山带地质演化是当前地质学研究的难点，也是地质学基础理论创新的可能方向。包括印度 欧亚大陆侧向碰撞带在内的国内、外造山带构造演化尚未取得共识，大多表现为“大量高质量数据与诸多充满争议的演化模型共存”。产生这些争议的主要原因包括“高质量数据”的时、空分布样式未受足够重视、以及部分关键地质体物理属性鉴别存在争议。这些问题为地质学发展与理论创新留下了巨大的空间。持续10多年西南三江造山带区域地质填图、构造解析揭示了侧向碰撞带构造格架、地壳变形历史，提出了印度 欧亚大陆碰撞新的三阶段模型。这一研究实践表明，严格按照 “构造解析方法”体现的“三步骤”研究范式开展区域地质填图是造山带理论创新的基础与保障。区域地质填图是造山带研究中难度最大的工作之一，要求填图人员必须具备广泛、坚实的地质学理论基础，以及运用基础理论解决实际问题的能力。 相似文献
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农业是国民经济的基础。没有科学技术的引导,要取得农业高速度的发展是不可能的。据统计一些发达国家由于科技进步对农业增产所起的作用达80％,我国“六五”期间科学技术对农业增产所起的作用也达到了30—40％。靠科学技术发展农业的潜力极大。然而,农业科学与地质学关系十分密切,地质学为农业地质学的发展开拓了广阔的前景。现将农业地质的发展趋势、农业地质研究的内容,以及在陕西如何开展农业地质工作作以简要介绍。 相似文献
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核地质是能源工业重要的基础部门,又是一个艰苦行业。江西由于其拥有得天独厚的铀矿资源优势,聚集着万余名核地质职工队伍。认真研究江西核地质职工队伍的群体特征．对于进一步弘扬“两弹一星”精神,改进和创新思想政治工作,推动江西核地质又好又快地发展,无疑有着非常重要的意义。 相似文献
10.
大地构造学呼唤地质哲学 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
地球科学、特别是大型构造学在争论中的发展,伴随着地质哲学“渐变论”与“灾变论”、“活动论”与“固定论”,“水平论”与“垂直论”的争论与发展,和近年来的“新灾变论”的挑战。西方地质哲学诞生的三十多年,使地质哲学从自发走向自觉的研究,构建了地质学的基本框架;但在本体论、认识论、方法论上存在不同程度地缺陷。地球科学、特别是大地构造学呼唤地质哲学;建立新的宇宙－地球观;建立新的地球演化观;建立新的人与地球 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献