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X波段双线偏振雷达不同衰减订正方法对比及其对降水估测影响研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
文中分析了X波段双线偏振雷达衰减订正各种方法的特点,考虑到差传播相移率(KDP)作为衰减订正的一种有效途径,以及由于KDP值较小,数据质量不稳定,往往导致订正误差较大,因此提出了同时利用水平反射率因子ZH与KDP进行衰减订正的ZH-KDP综合法.基于同样的考虑,在随后利用ZH、KDP进行降水估测时,提出了ZH-KDP-R综合估测方法.利用中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所和成都锦江电子系统工程有限公司,在研制3.2 cm波长同时收发式多普勒偏振天气雷达过程中,2005年8月在平凉外场试验取得的一批观测资料,对提出的衰减订正综合法及降水估测综合法的效果进行了分析检验,结果表明,ZH-KDP综合法对ZH、ZDR有稳定的订正效果,并且订正速度快,能够达到实时运行的要求.2005年8月11日15:08:03-22:05:46,间隔5-12 min不等,雷达开机取得了连续的观测资料,通过对这次降水过程的对比分析表明,ZH-KDP-R综合估测法比单因子KDP-R法、Z-R关系法,适用估测的降水强度变化范围广,与自动雨量记的观测结果较为吻合.Z-R关系法中,利用订正后的ZH值,比利用订正前的ZH值,降水估测值与雨量记实测值的误差明显减小,说明衰减订正后的雷达数据质量有明显的改善. 相似文献
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X波段双线偏振雷达回波强度衰减和地物回波识别订正 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
与常规雷达相比,双线偏振天气雷达在降水系统的准确探测、资料质量的提高等方面具有明显的优势,但X波段双线偏振雷达资料受衰减和地物的影响较大,需要进行必要的衰减和地物订正。本文以2010年7月中国气象局在广东阳江开展的遥感数据比对试验得到数据为例,用ZH和ZDR结合的方法对ZH进行衰减订正,用ZH和ZDR的方差识别地物回波,并利用反射率因子垂直廓线订正受地物影响的底层回波。将订正后的ZH与S波段雷达探测的ZH相比较,将订正后的ZH与KDP的散点图和拟合的KDP与ZH曲线关系对比验证。结果表明经过订正的ZH与S波段雷达探测的ZH一致性较好,与拟合曲线也更为吻合,说明方法能有效提高雷达资料的质量。 相似文献
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双线偏振多普勒天气雷达遥测降水强度和液态含水量的方法和精度研究 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
利用雨滴谱的Г分布和散射计算模式,研究了C波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达遥测降水强度、液态含水量和识别降水粒子相态的方法,给出了利用反射率因子ZH、差分反射率因子ZDR、差传播相移KDP反演降水强度和液态含水量的三种公式以及这三个物理量的关系公式,并从雨滴谱的变化和雷达测量误差两方面比较了几种方法的测雨精度.结果表明:雨滴谱在很大范围变化时,利用ZDR和KDP可以很好地反演出降水强度和液态含水量,它受滴谱分布的影响不大,它的探测精度优于(ZH,ZDR)方法.单参数KDP方法优于传统的Z-R关系方法.同时给出的ZH与ZDR和KDP关系公式也基本不受雨滴谱变化的影响,它可以用于降水粒子相态的识别.双参数方法的测量误差主要来源于雷达测量ZDR和KDP的误差,特别是KDP的误差,改善KDP的测量误差是发挥双线偏振多普勒雷达探测降水强度或液态含水量潜力的关键. 相似文献
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《广东气象》2017,(2)
利用广州双偏振天气雷达和自动气象站资料,对2016年5月10日影响广州地区的一次短时强降水过程的双偏振参量进行了分析,结果表明:短时强降水的差分反射率因子(ZDR)、差分相移率(KDP)都随着回波强度(ZH)的增加而增大,最大值分别达到了4 d B和4(°)/km;选择了10个1 h雨量50 mm的自动站点,计算其对应的ZDR平均值在1.25~1.66 d B之间,最大值在1.65~3.19 d B之间;KDP的平均值在0.8~1.48(°)/km、最大值在1.8~2.4(°)/km之间;相关系数的平均值都在0.95以上,最大值接近于1。较大的ZDR和KDP值表明降水粒子谱中含有大量较大的水滴,是造成该次短时强降雨的主要原因。 相似文献
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介绍广州CINRAD/SA雷达双偏振升级改造后的主要性能指标,并以观测到的一次层状云降水过程为例,分析了降水强度ZH与差分反射率ZDR、差分相移率KDP的一致性,信噪比SNR与差分反射率ZDR、相关系数CC的关系以及ZDR系统偏差的稳定性,结果表明:弱降水的ZDR和KDP接近于0,随着ZH的增加均呈上升趋势;SNR<15 d B时,ZDR和CC受噪声影响很大,存在明显误差,业务中建议将SNR>15 d B作为双偏振产品的可用阈值;ZDR的系统偏差随时间变化保持稳定,变化幅度<0.2d B;KDP在CC<0.9时没有被计算和显示。 相似文献
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随着X波段双偏振雷达探测网的增多,与S波段双偏振雷达开展组网观测愈发具有必要性。利用北京地区2021年7月27日的一次强对流天气过程的观测资料,对X波段双偏振雷达组网观测值和S波段双偏振雷达观测值进行一致性定量分析,结果表明：两者观测的反射率因子（Z）一致性好,差分反射率（ZDR）差异集中在0dB值附近,Z≥30dBz时,差分相移率（KDP）差异显著。根据观测值差异特征,比较了探测参量直接融合和距离指数权重融合两种数据融合方式,通过分析偏振参量垂直剖面图发现,融合后可以相互弥补探测盲区,KDP通过距离指数权重融合的方式过渡更加自然。本文融合效果可供不同波段雷达融合组网提供参考。 相似文献
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双线偏振多普勒天气雷达估测混合区降雨和降雹方法的理论研究 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12
利用冰雹形状和空间取向的模型及降雹和降雨的滴谱分布,分析了C波段双线偏振雷达探测的降雨和冰雹的反射率因子ZH、差反射率因子ZDR和差传播相移KDp的取值范围,及混合区降水中不同大小的降雨降雹强度对这些参量的贡献.结果表明:对于C波段双线偏振雷达来讲,当降雹达到一定强度后,反射率因子反而随降雹强度的增大而减小,反射率因子和降雹强度不一定是一一对应关系,降雹的KDp与相态、空间取向和雹块的尺度均有关系.在混合性降水中,ZH的主要贡献来自冰雹,而KDp主要取决于降雨的大小,降雨和降雹对ZDR均有明显的影响,降雨的ZH和KDP有比较好的对应关系.在此基础上给出了利用ZH、ZDR和KDp定量估测相态混合区冰雹和降雨对应的反射率因子、降雨强度的方法,并从滴谱变化、雷达探测精度和冰雹对KDp的影响分析了这种方法的估测精度. 相似文献
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一次飑线过程的动力和微物理结构及滴谱变化对降水估测的影响研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
雨滴谱的变化和回波强度的垂直变化是影响雷达估测降水的重要原因。文章利用美国KOUN双线偏振雷达观测的一次飑线过程资料,用模糊逻辑的方法、β方法和约束条件下的Λ方法,分析了飑线过程降水粒子相态和雨区雨滴谱分布及其相态混合区冰雹融化过程,结合四维变分方法风场反演方法,研究了雨滴谱变化与飑线过程风场中尺度结构的关系,及其对双线偏振雷达不同估测降水方法的影响。结果表明:处在气旋中的飑线存在中低层辐合线,低层辐合带及强烈上升形成强回波,飑线后部的层状云中存在下沉气流,而飑线的前部存在下沉气流形成的边界层辐合线。飑线中对流单体组成的强回波带和后侧的层状云降水的雨滴谱分布有明显的变化,大雨滴区往往在飑线前部,在东南气流中新生的对流单体也常常有大雨滴区存在。ZH、ZDR随高度变化比较明显,而KDP基本不随高度变化,高度的选取对传统的Z-R关系方法、(ZH,ZDR)方法估测降水量影响很大,但KDP方法几乎不受高度变化的影响。本次过程雨滴谱变化非常明显,这对Z-R关系估测降水将产生重要影响,(ZH、ZDR)方法和KDP方法估测的降水比较接近,而Z-R关系方法在对流中心降水估测值偏大。小于30 dBz回波的KDP脉动很大,出现的不正常值对降水估测有一定影响,采用综合降水估测方法是必要的。 相似文献
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针对2018年夏季北京15次强对流天气过程,利用房山单站X波段双偏振雷达与北京观象台S波段天气雷达探测产品进行对比分析,探讨新探测手段的应用价值。结果表明：相对于常规天气雷达来说,双偏振雷达在粒子识别方面具有明显优势,成为冰雹等天气监测、预报预警的强有力手段。在冰雹识别上,X波段双偏振雷达的差分反射率因子（ ZDR）和相关系数（ρhv ）是两个重要的偏振量,ZDR 较小,接近0,有时为负值; ρhv小于0.9。在强降水识别方面, ZDR大值和差分传播相移率（KDP ）能够较好地指示雨强较大的降水。低仰角的 ZDR达5dB以上,KDP 在8°/km以上, ρhv达0.95以上时,地面5分钟雨量可达到或超过10mm。两种雷达的对比分析来看,反射率因子强度（R）、垂直累积液态水含量（VIL）均较SA天气雷达强度偏强。此外,由于X波段雷达波长较短,单部雷达的探测波束经过强降水区会发生比较严重的电磁衰减,致使强降水后部的降水回波强度偏弱,严重影响预报员对降水强度和降雨持续时间的判断,需要与SA天气雷达配合使用或者利用多部X波段雷达组网进行强降雨的监测分析。 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献