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利用宝鸡地区155个县区级或乡镇级自动站的观测资料与WRF模式的输出产品,检验WRF模式对2013年夏季最高、最低气温和降水预报的效果。结果表明:WRF模式预报的最高、最低气温的空间分布形态与实况较为一致,对于阴天和降水情况下的气温预报具有较高的准确性,最高、最低温度的预报值较实况整体偏低。WRF模式对宝鸡地区东部晴雨预报准确率较高,达到65%以上;凤县、太白最差,仅为40%左右。WRF模式预报的夏季日平均降水量与实况值在量级上较为一致,但空间分布误差较大。模式3个时次预报的逐日降水量能够较为准确地描述夏季各次降水的发生—发展—减弱过程。通过对模式预报的降水量进行分级检验发现,模式对降水的预报能力随着降水量级的增大而减小,空报多于漏报;WRF模式的暴雨预报值得参考。 相似文献
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《气象与环境学报》2016,(5)
利用2007—2013年安徽省闪电定位资料和蚌埠地区雷电灾害资料,选取安徽省蚌埠地区36个致灾雷电样本作为建模样本,采用全球预报系统GFS(Global Forecasting System)模式的强对流参数作为预报因子,利用Logistic回归法建立了蚌埠地区4种类型致灾雷电的预报模型。结果表明:CAPE、LFTX和PW共3个参数可作为蚌埠地区致灾雷电预报的指标;建立的4种类型致灾雷电模型的预报效果较好,其中08—14时雷电预报模型的总体预报准确率最高,可达83.00%。当雷电预报模型输出概率偏高且超过0.7时,4种致灾雷电预报模型的预报技巧评分最高,且预报准确率最高,失误率和虚警率较低,预报效果较好。夏季致灾雷电预报模型的整体预报效果较好,平均预报准确率达82.20%,特别是在雷电发生的密集地区,预报出了雷电的高概率分布。 相似文献
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为了提高洪水预报的精度,延长洪水预见期,利用WRF模式和HEC-HMS水文模型对太湖西苕溪流域2009年8月的一次典型暴雨洪水过程进行了降雨模拟和流量耦合预报,并与实测降雨和径流过程进行了对比分析。(1) WRF模式能够较好模拟出位于天目山的强降水中心,位置较实况略偏北;预报子流域面雨量时空分布与实况较一致,定量检验合格率达50%左右。(2) HEC-HMS模型对西苕溪流域日径流过程和场降雨洪水过程均有较好的模拟效果,模型参数验证和率定期间,确定性系数、洪峰流量相对误差和峰现时差等指标均小于业务预报许可误差。(3) 采用单向耦合法,将WRF模式(5 km网格)48 h预见期的滚动预报降雨场输入HEC-HMS水文模型进行流量滚动预报,耦合预报结果明显优于不考虑预见期内降雨的传统预报方法,在保证精度的前提下,有效延长了洪水预见期。 相似文献
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为提高数值模式对阵风风速预报能力,采用概率密度匹配方法 (Probability Density Function Matching Method,简称PDF方法)对WRF模式地面极大风速预报数据开展误差订正。结果表明:①基于PDF方法订正后的阵风预报效果明显优于WRF预报结果,当实况极大风力≤5级时,两种预报结果均与实况较为一致;当实况极大风力≥6级时,WRF预报相比实况明显偏小,而PDF方法订正结果则与实况较为接近;②对比不同地形条件下两种预报结果发现,在实况风力整体偏弱的平原地区,WRF预报和PDF订正结果对极大风的预报效果均较好;在风力偏强的山区和沿江河谷地区,PDF订正结果的预报效果相比WRF预报则有明显提升;③对2017年安徽省81个国家站逐日极大风速的预报效果检验发现:预报误差和过去五年整体拟合误差基本相当,说明基于2012—2016年历史数据建立的概率密度分布函数可以代表安徽各站多年的实况和WRF预报极大风速的联合分布特征,利用PDF方法进行逐日极大风速预报具有一定的可靠性。 相似文献
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《干旱气象》2016,(1)
利用WRF模式对飞机积冰时的形势场进行模拟,通过双线性插值法对模拟的要素进行降尺度处理,比较不同参数化方案时形势场的预报值和实况值之间的相关性,研究不同参数化方案对飞机积冰形势场的模拟能力。结果表明:不同参数化方案的选择影响模拟效果,当微物理过程方案采用WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme及积云参数化方案采用Betts-Miller-Janjic scheme时,形势场预报值和实况值间相关系数最大,均方根误差最小,预报值与实况值之间变化趋势和特征最接近;且根据飞机积冰实测报告,利用假霜点温度经验法验证,此时积冰的预报效果和实际报告结果最相符。 相似文献
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西北太平洋台风季节预报的数值模拟 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用中尺度气象模式WRF（weather research and forecasting）对2006年7月1日-9月30日的西北太平洋夏季台风进行了动力季节预报试验。结果表明：1）在对3个月以内的台风作动力季节预报试验时,WRF模式模拟的台风总个数与实况接近,模式模拟的总登陆台风数与实况相比偏小。从各月模拟情况看,台风总数与登陆数的模拟均与实况有差距。WRF模式对台风强度的模拟总体偏弱。2）WRF在模拟2006年7q月台风以及平均高度场、水平风垂直切变时,7月与实况接近,随时间增长,与实况的差别明显增大．WRF模式具有一定的台风动力季节预报能力,但其预报时限有待探讨。 相似文献
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利用ARPS模式(Advanced Regional Prediction System)的资料分析系统ADAS(ARPS Data Analysis Sys-tem),以NCEP GFS资料为背景场对我国西北地区CINRAD-CB\CC型雷达反射率资料进行同化试验研究,并借助于WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)模式,对发生在黄河河套及河北地区的一次天气过程进行个例模拟试验。不同模拟方案模拟结果的对比分析和短时预报检验表明:①C波段雷达反射率资料的引入与S波段雷达反射率资料在空间覆盖上构成互补,与卫星、地面等资料的云综合分析能够分析出与实况更为接近的降水场和垂直结构信息;②同化了C波段雷达反射率资料的试验方案在模拟回波系统演变上优于未同化的,但由于模拟低层暖湿条件不足,系统逐渐衰弱与实况不符;③对比实况降水发现,区域C波段雷达反射率资料的同化对短时降水预报效果有一定改善。 相似文献
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基于WRF模式的云贵川渝地质灾害气象预报系统的应用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
介绍了国家气象中心和中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所联合研发的基于ArcGis9.1的云贵川渝地区地质灾害预报系统。该系统是在可拓模型理论基础上建立的,其优点在于能将气象要素和地面要素紧密地结合在一起,形成雨—地耦合的区域泥石流预报模型。系统采用区域精细化数值天气预报模式WRF提供的高时空分辨率的精细降雨预报作为模型的动态输入,实现地质灾害发生概率的预报。目前,系统已经在中央气象台进行业务运行,每日在精细化数值天气预报系统提供的1小时间隔的数值降水预报支持下,定时启动预报系统。该预报产品目前已成为区域精细化地质灾害预报的重要参考。为了进行地质灾害预报效果的检验和评估,首先利用2007年6—7月份实况降水对WRF模型的预报降水进行检验。结果表明:中尺度数值预报模式WRF对区域性、持续时间长的暴雨过程预报能力较高,对于地质灾害预报服务具有较好的应用价值。此外,对2007年7月2—5日发生在四川盆地东部的部分地区的群发地质灾害个例分析及对2007年7月份该地质灾害预报系统的整体预报效果进行检验,结果表明:系统囊括了该次灾情大部分灾情点,总体预报准确率较高,业务中具有一定的应用价值。 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献