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研究了小球藻(Chlorella pyenoidosa)酶解提取物(CGF)的主要成分、稳定性及其增强小鼠免疫调节的生理活性功能。CGF中蛋白质、氨基酸、核苷酸、多糖、维生素分别达到56.6%,42.59%,6.8%,4.8%,1.7%。采用75,150,450 mg/(kg·d)剂量经30 d对小鼠喂食,进行免疫调节试验,结果表明,150、450 mg/(kg.d)剂量的小球藻生长因子可以明显增强二硝基氟苯(DNFB)引起的小鼠迟发性超敏反应,对造血功能受损的小鼠有恢复作用, 以及增强小鼠单核-巨噬细胞吞噬功能的作用。实验表明服用CGF可以增强免疫能力。 相似文献
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研究7 种海黍子(Sargassum kjellmanianum)乙酸乙酯相提取物的抗菌活性和对小鼠免疫细胞功能的影响, 筛选出抗菌和体外免疫活性较强的提取物。考察7 种提取物的抗菌活性, 以及对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞RAW264.7 增殖、脾淋巴细胞增殖、释放NO、吞噬中性红能力的影响。抑菌实验结果表明, 7 种提取物对真菌无明显的抑制作用, 而针对不同的细菌表现出不同的程度的抑制活性; 免疫实验结果表明, 乙酸乙酯相的7 个样品都具有一定的体外免疫活性, 不但可以促进小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7 增殖和体外刺激淋巴细胞增殖, 还可以促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生NO和吞噬中性红。 相似文献
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革皮氏海参皂苷对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
从革皮氏海参(Pearsonothuria graeffei,P.graeffei)中提取海参皂苷,并探讨其对正常小鼠和免疫功能低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明,对于正常小鼠,革皮氏海参皂苷能显著提高小鼠的细胞免疫和非特异性免疫功能,显著增加小鼠的足跖增厚值(P0.05),促进腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力(P0.05)。对于免疫功能低下小鼠,革皮氏海参皂苷能显著提高小鼠的抗体形成细胞数和小鼠血清溶血素含量(P0.05,P0.01),促进小鼠的体液免疫功能;显著促进小鼠的迟发型变态反应,提高小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖能力(P0.01),提高小鼠的细胞免疫功能;显著促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对鸡红细胞的吞噬率和吞噬指数(P0.01),促进小鼠的非特异性免疫功能。提示革皮氏海参皂苷对小鼠具有显著的免疫调节作用。 相似文献
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通过测定海参、鱼翅的营养成分以及体壁中氨基酸组成和含量,同时评价其对连续皮下注射氢化可的松致免疫低下模型小鼠免疫功能的影响,探讨了海参、鱼翅的免疫调节作用与其营养组成的关系。结果表明,海参中总糖、酸性黏多糖、必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、药效氨基酸和总氨基酸含量均高于鱼翅;海参和鱼翅均能显著提高免疫低下模型小鼠的脾指数和胸腺指数;显著提高小鼠血清溶血素含量;提高迟发型变态反应水平和脾淋巴细胞转化能力;促进巨噬细胞的吞噬能力;显著提高血清中IL-3、IFN-γ水平,降低IL-4水平,提高IFN-γ/IL-4的比值。提示海参和鱼翅中均含有全面的免疫活性物质,具有免疫调节作用。其中,海参在促进体液免疫、细胞免疫和非特异性免疫方面的作用优于鱼翅。 相似文献
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海参和鱼翅的营养成分以及对免疫功能调节作用的比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过测定海参、鱼翅的营养成分以及体壁中氨基酸组成和含量,同时评价其对连续皮下注射氢化可的松致免疫低下模型小鼠免疫功能的影响,探讨了海参、鱼翅的免疫调节作用与其营养组成的关系.结果表明,海参中总糖、酸性黏多糖、必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、药效氨基酸和总氨基酸含量均高于鱼翅;海参和鱼翅均能显著提高免疫低下模型小鼠的脾指数和胸腺指数;显著提高小鼠血清溶血素含量;提高迟发型变态反应水平和脾淋巴细胞转化能力;促进巨噬细胞的吞噬能力;显著提高血清中IL-3、IFN-γ水平,降低IL-4水平,提高IFN-γ/IL-4的比值.提示海参和鱼翅中均含有全面的免疫活性物质,具有免疫调节作用.其中,海参在促进体液免疫、细胞免疫和非特异性免疫方面的作用优于鱼翅. 相似文献
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对中草药鱼藤、枫桦和石上柏的细胞毒及抗氧化活性进行了初步研究.用人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7、人肺癌细胞A549 和大鼠嗜铬瘤细胞PC12检测了鱼藤、枫桦和石上柏提取物的抗细胞毒作用;并用1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)检测了提取物的抗氧化活性.结果发现,鱼藤、枫桦和石上柏的甲醇提取物均有细胞毒活性,其中鱼藤甲醇提取物具有很强的细胞毒活性;枫桦甲醇提取物有较强的清除自由基和抗氧化活性.鱼藤植物值得进行抗肿瘤药物应用研究. 相似文献
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贻贝提取物对荷瘤鼠抗氧化功能的影响研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
贻贝提取物是以贻贝为原料经提取分离、纯化、浓缩干燥后得到的富硒提取物。有关贻贝富硒提取物的研究国内外尚未见报道。经作者初步研究发现,贻贝提取物能很好地被机体吸收利用,大大提高机体硒水平和抗氧化酶活性［１］。本研究通过对荷瘤鼠以每天一定剂量的贻贝提取物灌胃,观察贻贝提取物对正常荷瘤小鼠组织抗氧化物酶活性及脂质过氧化物含量的影响,以期探讨其抗氧化与抗肿瘤之间的关系。１ 材料与方法１．１主要材料与试剂１．１．１ 贻贝提取物（ＭＥ）鲜贻贝用匀浆机匀浆,然后经提取、酶解、过滤、沉淀、透析、纯化、浓缩、干燥… 相似文献
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在双壳类软体动物中, 血淋巴细胞介导的吞噬作用是清除入侵微生物的主要方式。本文在长牡蛎中鉴定了一个包含富含亮氨酸重复序列(Leucine-rich repeat, LRR)结构域的新型基因, 命名为CgLRRC69。对该基因的组织分布分析表明, CgLRRC69 mRNA在血淋巴细胞、鳃、肌肉、外套膜、心脏、消化腺和性腺中广泛表达。副溶血弧菌感染可以显著地刺激CgLRRC69在血淋巴细胞中表达, 并且在感染后6h达到峰值。同时, 酶联免疫吸附实验发现CgLRRC69可以特异性结合脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS), 表明它可能在免疫防御中有功能。吞噬实验结果显示, CgLRRC69重组蛋白可以显著地提高血淋巴细胞的吞噬能力; RNAi干扰CgLRRC69在牡蛎体内的表达, 显著降低了血淋巴细胞对细菌的清除能力。因此, 这些结果揭示了CgLRRC69作为一种新型模式识别受体, 可以特异性识别革兰氏阴性菌的主要成分LPS, 通过调理作用有效地清除细菌。 相似文献
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孔石莼(Ulva pertusa Kjellm)调血脂作用的初步研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
观察孔石莼热水提取多糖和孔石莼乙醇提取物中的有效部位对小鼠实验性高脂血症水平的影响 ,发现孔石莼多糖 2 5 0、5 0 0和 10 0 0mg/ (kg·d)三个剂量组均具有降低小鼠血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)的作用 ,而高剂量组具有一定升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)的作用 ,其增加HDL C/TC比值显著 (P <0 0 5 )。孔石莼乙醇提取物中的有效部位也具有降低血清TC、TG和LDL C的作用 ,其降TC的作用稍次于孔石莼多糖 ,但其降低TG、升高HDL C/TC比值的作用优于孔石莼多糖。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献