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赣南铁山垅钨矿田位于南岭钨锡多金属成矿带东段,已探获黑钨矿资源量超10万吨。铁山垅复式岩体包括主体似斑状黑云母花岗岩和补体细粒二云母花岗岩两部分,花岗斑岩呈脉状分布。矿田内花岗岩具有相似的地球化学特征,都属过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩类,表现出高硅、富铝、富碱、高钾、富成矿元素（W、Sn、Cu、Mo）和亏损Ba、Sr、Ti、P、REE、Eu,稀土配分曲线呈典型的“海鸥式”分布和M型四分组效应等特征。利用LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb定年方法获得花岗斑岩206Pb/238U 年龄为146. 7±0. 5 Ma（MSDW=0. 5）,成岩时代属晚侏罗世。锆石的n(176Lu)/n(177Hf)=0. 000973～0. 001989,fLu/Hf=-0. 97～-0. 94,εHf(t)=-17. 9～-10. 3,二阶段模式年龄（TDM2）为1. 86～2. 33 Ga,显示原岩为古元古代地壳。综合分析认为,铁山垅矿田岩浆活动可划分为170～155 Ma、155～150 Ma、150～145 Ma三个阶段,钨锡矿成矿主要集中在第二阶段,且第三阶段花岗斑岩与铜多金属矿成矿关系密切,推测铜岭矿区深部具有较大的找矿前景。 相似文献
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蒙亚啊铅锌矿床位于冈底斯铅锌成矿带东段,矿区发育大量的花岗斑岩体.本文通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、主量元素、微量元素地球化学和锆石Hf同位素组成探讨了花岗斑岩体侵位时序、岩石成因、成岩物质源区及其与成矿之间的关系.锆石U-Pb年代学测试结果表明,花岗斑岩体侵位时代为13.18～13.57 Ma,系中新世岩浆作用的产物.花岗斑岩富硅,富碱,A/CNK为1.04～1.15;稀土元素呈轻稀土富集的配分模式,发育明显的Eu负异常;微量元素中富集Rb、Th、U、K、Pb等大离子亲石元素,而Ba、Sr及高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ce、P、Zr、Ti则有不同程度的亏损.主量、微量元素综合研究结果显示花岗斑岩为高分异的S型花岗岩.花岗斑岩εHf(t)值为-9.0～1.6之间,平均值为-2.0;两阶段模式年龄为996～1673Ma,平均值为1225Ma.花岗斑岩亏损高场强元素及锆石Hf同位素组成特征指示岩浆物质源区为念青唐古拉群结晶基底. 相似文献
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内蒙古道伦达坝铜钨多金属矿黑云母花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
内蒙古道伦达坝铜钨多金属矿是大兴安岭南段近年来新发现的一个铜、钨、锡共生的多金属矿床,成矿与中粗粒黑云母花岗岩密切相关,但其形成时代还存在较大争议,对岩浆来源缺乏足够的研究。本文对道伦达坝矿床内黑云母花岗岩进行了系统的岩石地球化学、年代学、Hf-Pb同位素地球化学组成测试。道伦达坝黑云母花岗岩SiO2含量为65.42%～67.41%,富铝、钾,A/NCK值为1.08～1.27,CIPW标准矿物刚玉含量较高(1.82%～4.08%),岩石属于过铝质S型花岗岩。微量、稀土元素组成表现出的轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损型式和Eu负异常以及明显的Nb、Ta、Sr、Ti亏损的特点显示为壳源成因的火山弧花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明其形成年龄为292.1±0.84Ma(MSWD=1.18)～292.5±0.88Ma(MSWD=0.46)。Hf同位素测试结果显示,道伦达坝黑云母花岗岩的εHf(t)=-0.8～+13.3,176Hf/177Hf比值(0.282643～0.282804)偏低,二阶段Hf同位素模式年龄较高(740～1024Ma)。全岩Pb同位素组成较均一,206Pb/204Pb介于18.416～18.766,207Pb/204Pb介于15.519～15.542,208Pb/204Pb变化在38.238～39.460。黑云母花岗岩为早二叠世西伯利亚板块南缘俯冲增生背景下的产物,主要源自从亏损地幔新增生的年轻地壳物质的部分重熔,在侵位过程中可能受到了残留的古地壳或岩石圈地幔的混染。古生代是兴蒙造山带的一个重要的成矿阶段,矿化以岛弧或活动大陆边缘背景下的斑岩-矽卡岩-热液脉型铜钼金多金属矿床为主。 相似文献
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大兴安岭中北段莫尔道嘎地区含矿斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及成矿意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
处于大兴安岭中北段额尔古纳地块的莫尔道嘎地区发育大量花岗质岩石,本文报道了该地区与斑岩钼矿有关的花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征。锆石的LA-ICPMSU-Pb年龄测试结果显示,太平川含矿斑岩体的形成年龄分别为183.6、193.7和199.1Ma,表明花岗岩主要形成于早侏罗世,可能代表蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合阶段的岩浆侵入事件。锆石的Hf同位素研究显示,3件含矿斑岩样品锆石εHf(t)分别为-3.2～0.4、-3.1～1.8和-3.7～-1.1,两阶段模式年龄分别为1322、1276和1394Ma,岩浆起源于中新元古代增生的地壳物质。结合额尔古纳地块已有的花岗岩锆石Hf同位素资料,认为额尔古纳地块在中新元古代曾发生过地壳增生,增生的地壳物质于早侏罗世发生熔融,形成花岗质岩浆并成矿。太平川含矿斑岩具有与乌奴格吐山含矿斑岩相似的大地构造背景、岩石地球化学特征和岩石年龄,推测太平川斑岩钼矿的成矿年代大致在195～180Ma。 相似文献
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《世界地质》2021,(1)
对跃进山铜金矿床与矽卡岩型矿化有关的花岗闪长岩开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、锆石Lu-Hf同位素及岩石地球化学研究。结果表明,花岗闪长岩中26个锆石测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为(118.96±0.77) Ma (MSWD=0.29);岩体中锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值均为正值(+1.4～+3.2),且具有较年轻的Hf二阶段模式年龄(t_(DM2)=1.09～0.98 Ga);花岗闪长岩表现为富Al、高K和Na以及低Ti、P、Ca的钙碱性I型花岗岩地球化学特征,显示出轻稀土富集、重稀土元素亏损的稀土元素组成特征;样品锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)的值为偏低的正值,表明岩浆物质来源应为壳幔混源。结合岩石地球化学投图以及区域构造背景演化认为,花岗闪长岩和花岗斑岩均属于后碰撞-火山弧花岗岩,研究区的成矿成岩作用与太平洋板块强烈俯冲背景下的下岩石圈地幔拆沉有直接关系。 相似文献
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钦杭成矿带是华南地区重要的斑岩铜成矿带.前人研究表明区内斑岩铜矿床主要形成于中-晚侏罗世(180~155 Ma), 含矿斑岩为壳-幔相互作用的产物.对区内新近发现的钦杭带西南段大瑶山地区的宝山斑岩铜矿床进行研究, 结果表明其成岩成矿时代集中在晚白垩世.其中, 隐伏含矿花岗斑岩体的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为91.1±0.6 Ma(1σ), 出露地表不含矿的两个花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为91.3±0.8 Ma(1σ)和90.1±1.0 Ma(1σ).含矿斑岩和不含矿斑岩的锆石Hf同位素组成相似, 初始εHf(91 Ma)为-8.74~-5.13, 两阶段Hf模式年龄TDM2集中在1 210~1 394 Ma.以上U-Pb-Hf同位素分析结果表明, 宝山铜矿床是一个晚白垩世早期(约91 Ma)形成的斑岩型铜矿床, 其含矿斑岩体的成因可能与中元古代地壳物质的部分熔融有关.结合前人的研究成果可知, 钦杭成矿带存在两期斑岩铜矿床成矿作用, 分别为中-晚侏罗世和晚白垩世, 其中晚白垩世成矿作用可能与华南板块边缘后碰撞伸展构造背景有关; 钦杭带西南侧大瑶山及邻区可能广泛发育有与燕山晚期岩浆活动(80~100 Ma)有关的钨-钼-铜(金)多金属矿床. 相似文献
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长江中下游金牛盆地花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2
金牛盆地位于鄂东南矿集区,是长江中下游成矿带重要的火山岩盆地之一.相对宁芜和庐枞盆地,金牛盆地找矿一直没有取得重大突破,对其中次火山岩的年代学、成因和成矿属性的研究也很少.本次选择盆地中心吴佰浩地区深部钻孔中的花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩,开展锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素的研究工作,获得了流纹斑岩锆石206Pb/238U的加权平均年龄为128±1Ma (n=14,MSWD=2.5),锆石Hf同位素(176Hf/177Hf),和εHf(t)分别为0.28247～0.28262和-2.5～ -7.7;花岗斑岩锆石206 Pb/238U的加权平均年龄为129±1Ma (n=12,MSWD=1.3),锆石Hf同位素(176Hf/177Hf),和εHf(t)分别为0.28239～0.28259和-3.6～-10.7.本文确定金牛盆地中流纹斑岩和花岗斑岩的形成时代为129～128Ma,与金牛盆地火山岩的形成时代(130～125Ma)相当,暗示金牛盆地火山岩和次火山岩均形成于早白垩世,流纹斑岩和花岗斑岩是壳幔混合的产物.金牛盆地火山岩的形成时代与宁芜、、庐枞盆地相当,次火山岩的形成时代也与宁芜、庐枞盆地玢岩铁矿的成矿岩体相当.提出金牛盆地除应关注玢岩铁矿外,更应该关注与次火山岩有关的热液金矿. 相似文献
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《地质通报》2020,(8)
大湖塘钨矿田石门寺矿段钨多金属矿成矿作用与燕山期花岗质岩浆活动密切相关。其中燕山期花岗斑岩与热液隐爆角砾岩关系密切,是重要的成矿地质体。为研究该岩体成岩时代、岩石成因与演化、形成背景,探讨岩体与成矿的关系,对石门寺花岗斑岩开展了系统的岩相学、岩石化学、锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素研究。结果表明,花岗斑岩形成年龄为154.36±0.83 M a;花岗斑岩为高硅(Si O2含量为71.90%～76.53%)、过铝质(Al2O3含量为12.76%～14.76%,A/CNK值为1.25～1.39)、高钾钙碱性系列(K2O含量为2.58%～5.42%)岩石;富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,稀土元素含量(49.38×10-6～72.36×10-6)较低、LREE/HREE(9.83～16.76)和(La/Yb)N值(16.43～39.45)较高,呈明显负Eu(δEu=0.27～0.65)异常;岩石类型为S型花岗岩。锆石的εHf(t)值为-23.6～-2.9,二阶段模式年龄为1.39～2.70 Ga,表明石门寺花岗斑岩可能为古老地壳部分熔融的产物。岩浆源岩主要为富粘土物质;岩浆演化过程中经历了镁铁质矿物、钛铁矿、斜长石的分离结晶,磷灰石没有发生显著分离结晶作用。结合区内中生代成矿地球动力学背景分析,九岭-鄣公山隆起带存在2期重要的成矿作用:①约150 Ma,由于太平洋板块俯冲汇聚而产生的挤压构造背景下的成岩成矿作用;②约135 Ma以来,处于区域岩石圈伸展减薄背景下的钨多金属成矿作用。 相似文献
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安徽姚家岭锌金多金属矿区花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
姚家岭锌金多金属矿床位于铜陵矿集区东部,其形成与小青塘花岗闪长斑岩密切相关.然而,前人对该岩体的研究仍较少,为了深入认识姚家岭矿区的成矿作用,利用岩石地球化学的方法,对花岗闪长斑岩及锆石特征进行研究,结果表明:花岗闪长斑岩具有较高的SiO2,K2O/Na2O比值为0.68~1.02,为I型花岗岩,属于高钾钙碱性系列;锆石具有明显的环带结构,Th/U比值为0.34~1.20,为典型的岩浆锆石;锆石的206Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为141.0±1.7 Ma,说明花岗闪长斑岩形成于早白垩世;锆石的εHf(t)为-22.5~-9.2,Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄为1 639~2 620Ma,表明形成花岗闪长斑岩的岩浆是古元古代地壳岩石部分熔融的产物.此外,研究还表明,花岗闪长斑岩的结晶温度为558~739℃,成岩压力为50~250MPa. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
19.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献