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总结了广西资源县沙子江矿床深部及外围铀矿普查钻探施工技术。在花岗岩地层钻进中,解决了孔内漏水、掉块、垮孔及金刚石钻头寿命短、钻杆和钻杆接头磨损、钻孔弯曲等一系列问题。为在花岗岩地层钻进中积累了宝贵的钻探施工经验。 相似文献
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我队1957年就开展了汞的普查找矿工作，到1985年底止已投入钻探工作量230835.34米。五十年代—七十年代初期均采用φ91～φ110口径的合金、钢粒钻进。由于汞的成矿规律系低温热液矿床，汞多富集在破碎带，矿越好，岩石越破碎。岩矿心采取率要求按回次计算（矿心每回次不得低于75％，岩心不得低于65％），因此，给钻探施工带来很多困难，过去多采用孔底反循环及双动双管钻进，但岩矿心采取率仍然难以达到地质要求，一般优质孔率在30～50％左右。1975～1978年采用φ56小口径金刚石及合金的混合钻进， 相似文献
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石山金矿钻探施工存在一个突出的技术难题，就是取心困难，达不到地质要求。过去在该区使用大口径钻进，平均采取率不足61％；80年底，我队一机台在该区采用小口径金刚石钻进，施工的ZK1孔，孔深95.39米，90％工作量采取率低于规程要求，30余米无岩心，平均采取率31.9％，矿心采取率28％，地质不能利用。事故停待多，纯钻利用率仅14.1％，施工周期一个半月。1981年6月，我分队三号机在该区进行普查钻探。地质设计了四个85°斜孔，共700米工作量。要求岩心采取率不低于65％，不得有岩心为零的回次；矿 相似文献
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常德甘地地面高精度磁测△Ｔ异常与该地基性岩体有极好的对应关系，钻探验证△Ｔ异常新发现的橄辉玢岩是与金伯利岩相关的岩石之一，建议采用物化探方法到有利的红层分布区普查金刚石原生矿。 相似文献
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我局曾对陇南某金矿区进行上钻普查工作，共计施工钻孔37个，完成钻探工程量11596.38m。在钻进金矿复杂地层中遇到了不少问题，其中比较突出的问题之一，就是常规标准S75金刚石绳索取心钻头、 相似文献
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我队六分队在石灰岩地区施工，矿区产状复杂，勘探网度20×25米，探矿手段主要用坑道工程，工作量多，掘进速度慢，费用高，1975年开始采用坑道钻探配合坑道掘进，将部分坑道工程改用坑道钻探，控制、追索水平及深部矿体及含矿带，从而加速了普查勘探速度，改善了施工条件，降低了费用。已施工的23钻孔，进尺1519米，最深孔100.54米，平均台月效率289米，岩矿心采取率80％以上，符合工程质量要求，与坑道成本比较（见表1）节约资金20多万元。实践证明，坑道钻探配合坑道掘进进行矿床普查勘探工作，提供了一条多快好省的途 相似文献
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广西向阳坪铀矿床岩性以花岗岩为主,研磨性强,部分地层复杂,构造裂隙密集发育,岩石破碎,绿泥石化、高岭土化强烈,钻探施工困难。通过采用金刚石绳索取心钻探技术和施工工艺,并针对钻进中遇到的问题,引进了便携式全液压钻机,采用了成膜防塌无固相冲洗液体系及延迟交联凝胶堵漏工艺,优选了环齿式孕镶金刚石钻头,并采取了严格的预防和控制防斜措施,解决了钻进效率低、孔壁不稳定、金刚石钻头寿命短及钻孔弯曲等一系列问题。生产实践证明,该施工技术和工艺具有钻进效率高、岩（矿）心采取率高、劳动强度低等优点,可为花岗岩及复杂岩层钻进施工提供借鉴。 相似文献
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结构复杂松散的深厚砂卵石层的钻探施工技术和工艺是十分复杂的.以雅(安)泸(沽)高速公路C11合同段青杠嘴特大桥钻探工程的应用为例,介绍了SM植物胶和SD系列金刚石钻具在深厚砂卵石层钻探施工的钻孔结构、SM植物胶的配制、金刚石钻头的选择、钻进参数、SD系列钻具及套管选择等方面的经验. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献