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1.
48年来广东省不同区域的温度变化特征   总被引:39,自引:33,他引:6  
根据全省86个气象站1960~2007年的温度资料,研究了48年来广东省北部、中部、东南部和西南部4个区域的温度变化特征。结果表明,4个区域的年平均气温均呈上升趋势,最低值分别出现在1976和1984年,最高值为1998年,增温速率南部沿海高于内陆,东南部为0.026℃/年,西南部0.023℃/年,中部0.021℃/年,北部0.012℃/年。各区域年平均气温20世纪60、70和80年代变化不大,90年代升高最明显。从季节分布看,各区域增温速率冬季最为明显,为0.025~0.035℃/年,秋季次之,为0.012—0.031℃/年,冬、秋增温速率均通过了95%的显著性检验;春季为0.011~0.019℃/年,夏季最小,为0.001—0.019℃/年,春、夏增温速率大多没有通过95%的显著性检验。  相似文献   

2.
青藏高原及铁路沿线地表温度变化趋势预测   总被引:13,自引:3,他引:10  
青藏高原及其铁路沿线各站的年地表温度具有很好的互相关性,特别是各站10年滑动平均温度互相关系数达到0.92,以此建立了1961-2003年青藏铁路沿线平均地表温度序列。研究表明:青藏高原地表温度的升高是明显的,40年来升高1.1~1.5℃,其升温率为0.44℃/10a。大气CO2浓度的增加有利于青藏高原地表温度的升高,而太阳黑子周期长度(SCL)的变长则起相反作用。地表温度对人气CO2浓度和SCL的最好响应约滞后10年。若根据SCL的变化和IPCC第三次评估报告给出的新的温室气体排放情景SRES-B1预测,目前青藏高原地表温度的升温到2010年前后达到最强,此后可能会出现一个明显的降温过程,到2030年前后可能低于20世纪70~90年代的平均值。新一轮的升温开始于2040年代。若综合考虑CO2和SCL两者的共同影响预测,未来50年平均最低、最高和年地表温度与1971-2000年的平均比较,分别升高0.2,1.0和0.6℃。  相似文献   

3.
1961-2010年青藏高原气候变化特征分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用1961-2010年青藏高原及其周边地区158个气象站温度(包括平均温度、最低和最高温度)、降水和风速资料,对青藏高原的气候变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1) 1961-2010年青藏高原主体正在变暖变湿,但是高原东侧部分地区正在变暖变干,同时高原整体风速都在减小。(2)升温主要是夜间的最低温度贡献的。不同地区升温速率有差异,中部地区高于东部地区;平均温度和最高温度分别在1994年和1997年发生突变,突变后升温速率明显加快;三种温度都存在准8年周期震荡,其他短周期及更长周期震荡表现不一致。(3)降水量空间分布上表现为从东南向西北逐级减少,并且出现过多次突变,突变时间分别为1965年、1977年和1995年,突变前后降水的变化速率明显不同,降水存在准4年和准10年周期震荡。风速存在18~20年周期震荡。(4)青藏高原平均温度、最低温度及最高温度EOF分解的第一载荷向量均表现出全区一致的正值,中心区位于94°E-97°E一带,说明青藏高原腹地是平均温度、最低温度及最高温度变化最敏感的地区。(5)平均温度、最低温度及最高温度EOF分解的第二载荷向量大体表现出高原主体与东部以及北部边缘地带变化趋势相反,即高原主体升温(降温)时,东部及北部边缘地带是降温(升温)的。  相似文献   

4.
广东兴宁地区近46年气候变化特征   总被引:22,自引:20,他引:2  
利用1961~2006年兴宁机场的逐日信息化资料,分析了兴宁地区46年来气温、降水变化特征。结果表明:兴宁地区年,冬、夏季平均温度以及最低、最高气温均呈明显上升趋势,平均增温率为0.015℃年;综合来看,20世纪60~90年代冬季增温幅度大于夏季,21世纪初夏季增温幅度高于冬季;年平均降水量为1488.9mm,季节性显著,其中夏季最多,占年平均降水量的45.4%,秋季降水量最少。降水量呈逐渐减少的趋势并不明显,其气候倾向率为-2.89mm/年。  相似文献   

5.
基于参加国际耦合模式比较计划第5阶段(CMIP5)的29个全球气候模式开展的历史气候模拟和3种典型浓度路径(RCP2.6、RCP4.5、 RCP8.5)下21世纪气候预估的结果,分析了单个模式和多模式集合平均(MME)的21世纪全球与中国年平均地表气温(ASAT)变化特征及2℃升温阈值的出现时间。多模式集合平均的结果显示:全球和中国年平均地表气温均将继续升高,21世纪末的升温幅度随着辐射强迫的增大而增大。RCP2.6情景下,年平均地表气温增幅先升高后降低,全球(中国)年平均地表气温在2056年(2049年)达到升温峰值,21世纪末升温1.74℃(2.12℃);RCP4.5情景下,年平均地表气温在21世纪前半叶逐渐升高,之后升温趋势减缓,21世纪后期趋于平稳,21世纪末全球(中国)年平均地表气温增幅为2.60℃(3.39℃);RCP8.5情景下,21世纪年平均地表气温快速升高,21世纪末全球(中国)年平均地表气温增幅为4.75℃(6.55℃)。全球平均的年平均地表气温增幅,在RCP2.6情景下没有超过2℃,RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下分别在2047和2038年达到2℃。RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下中国年平均地表气温增幅连续5 a不低于2℃的时间分别在2032、2033和2027年,明显早于全球平均。任一典型浓度路径情景下,达到2℃升温的时间,北半球同纬度地区早于南半球,同半球高纬度地区早于低纬度地区,同纬度地区陆地早于海洋。3种不同典型浓度路径情景下21世纪全球和中国年平均地表气温将继续升高这一结果是可信的,RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下全球和中国年平均地表气温增幅超过2℃的结果模式之间有较高的一致性。多模式预估的全球和中国年平均地表气温升幅和不同幅度升温的出现时间均存在一定的不确定性,预估结果的不确定性随预估时间的延长而增大;相同情景下,中国年平均地表气温预估的不确定性大于全球。  相似文献   

6.
喀什市196 1—2007年浅层地温的变化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用1961-2007年喀什0-40cm各层逐月平均地温,采用气候倾向率和累积距平气候统计方法,研究了近47a喀什浅层平均地温年代际、年际和各季的气候变化特征。结果表明:各层年平均地温以0.1~0.4℃/10a的升温率显著上升,15cm深度的升温率最大;浅层各季节平均地温均呈现为显著的升高趋势,升温率为0.1~0.5℃/10a,春季最大、夏季最小。  相似文献   

7.
利用复经验正交函数(CEOF)对西北地区(陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆)112个台站1960~1990年,冬季(12~2月),夏季(6~8月)平均温度场进行分析、结果表明:冬季平均温度第一特征向量的位相空间分布有规律性,反映出西北地区温度的尺度特征,冷空气的移动路径;第一时间系数变化反映出冬季温度趋势在波动中上升,特别是80年代增温趋势明显,这种增温趋势的波动主要为由东向西传播;夏季第一特征向量的位相除新疆外,总体趋势为从东向西,从南向北位相减小,第一时间系数的振幅变化趋势是80年代为一降温期,这种变化存在准两年、准三年周期,波动主要由东向西传播.  相似文献   

8.
中国北极村气候变暖特征   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
利用我国最北部的北极村气象站1963~2005年气温资料,通过计算气候倾向率和气候趋势系数,对该地区气候变化特点进行了分析。结果表明,43年来北极村气温有明显并稳定的上升趋势,年平均气温以每10年0.46℃幅度升高。各季及逐月平均气温都存在不同程度的变暖趋势,但是冬季升温最为剧烈,达每10年0.69℃,其中2月升温幅度为每10年1.02℃,为全年最大。秋季升温最弱,仅为每10年0.21℃。年平均最低气温(每10年0.59℃)和年极端最低气温(每10年0.74℃)比年平均最高气温(每10年0.37℃)和年极端最高气温(每10年0.27℃)升温幅度明显偏大。最低气温比最高气温对平均气温的年代际升温趋势贡献更为明显。  相似文献   

9.
青藏高原局地因素对近地表层地温的影响   总被引:23,自引:6,他引:23  
青藏高原近地表层地温既受区域性因素(高度、经度、纬度)控制,同时又受局地因素的影响。观测结果表明,高原稀疏植被地段比裸地地温高,短时期薄层雪盖起降低地温的作用,南坡比北坡地温高2-7℃,黑色沥青路面年平均温度比碎石土天然的年平均地表温度高4.5℃,亦高于其它材料的路面地温。  相似文献   

10.
全球气候变暖已经成为不争的事实。近百年全球平均地表温度上升了0.74℃,中国地表气温增暖0.5℃~0.8℃,山西近50年平均温度每10年上升0.25℃,晋中近50年平均温度每10年上升0.2℃。由于气候变暖将涉及到政治、经济和社会问题,所以引起了政府及专家的极大关注。  相似文献   

11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.  相似文献   

12.
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.  相似文献   

13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.  相似文献   

14.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.  相似文献   

15.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.  相似文献   

16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project)数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。  相似文献   

17.
正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any  相似文献   

18.
19.
Index to Vol.31     
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;  相似文献   

20.
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.  相似文献   

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