共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 335 毫秒
1.
2.
目前虽然有许多种方法可以进行构造裂缝预测,但由于碳酸盐岩发育区裂缝发育的复杂性,需要综合研究构造裂缝定量预测的新方法.本文以哈萨克斯坦扎纳若尔碳酸盐岩凝析油田为研究和应用对象,提出了基于GIS系统的构造裂缝综合分析技术,通过构造DEM滤波分析、综合曲率分析、裂缝地形因子分析以及DEM构造应力场分析,提取与裂缝有关的构造起伏变化和侵蚀程度指标,对于碳酸盐岩储层利用DEM进行古水文地质条件分析,研究古地貌侵蚀和沉积的空间分布情况.根据构造应力场信息,综合分析不同构造部位岩层发生破裂的可能性及破裂程度,预测区域裂缝和局部构造裂缝发育带、发育程度及发育方向,并取得了不错的预测效果. 相似文献
3.
《地球物理学进展》2020,(3)
古地貌的分布特征是天然气富集程度的主要影响因素,因此古地貌恢复对于油气资源勘探开发至关重要.本文通过对研究区古生界的地质资料分析后发现,该地区钻井资料较少,依托钻井资料恢复古地貌的方法难以实现对古地貌的精细刻画.针对这一难题,提出了结合地震资料采用残余厚度法和层拉平技术,进行靖边气田东侧奥陶系马家沟组马五段古地貌恢复.为了准确划分地貌单元,通过联井正演模型和实际资料的对比的基础上,进行古地貌单元划分,识别出岩溶高地、残丘、洼地等古地貌单元以及在研究区内分布特征,最后得到了靖边气田东侧岩溶古地貌呈现出西高东低、北高南低、厚度不均一的分布规律.通过分析古地貌单元对储层分布的影响,经钻井试气验证,发现岩溶残丘和岩溶斜坡为天然气成藏极佳的古地貌单元,为靖边气田东侧地区的储层预测和井位优选提供了可靠的依据. 相似文献
4.
渤海M油田区浅层多发育低幅构造,低幅构造区的地震数据对常规层析成像不够敏感,导致常规速度反演方法很难保证低幅构造速度建模的准确性,从而给时深转换工作带来较大误差.本文提出一种小尺度网格层析速度建模方法,该方法基于低幅构造的薄层信息,在有薄层信息的地层加密网格分布,从而实现根据地质条件划分网格的策略,进而通过解析矩阵方程实现速度模型的迭代更新.通过实际数据应用证明,对于渤海M油田利用本文提出的高精度网格层析速度建模方法是有效可行的,该方法能够有效提高低幅构造区速度建模的精度,利用该方法得到的速度模型能够大幅提高时深转换的精度,从而指导构造解释及成图工作. 相似文献
5.
6.
四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组碳酸盐台地巨型浅滩化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
碳酸盐台地演化过程中有一种比较常见的沉积现象,即浅滩化,并通常认为其连续性较差.本文报道了最近在四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组新发现的一种罕见的碳酸盐台地"巨型浅滩化(mega-shoaling)"现象.研究区于中三叠世雷口坡期在干旱炎热的气候条件下发育了受限的陆表海型碳酸盐台地,其中的雷-1-1亚段B层沉积了一套几乎遍及全盆地的滩相颗粒岩,形成所谓的巨型(盆地规模)浅滩化特征.根据岩芯精细描述和薄片镜下鉴定,发现这套滩相颗粒岩以砂屑云岩(灰岩)为主,其次为鲕粒云岩(灰岩),以发育局限泻湖-台内滩、局限泻湖-台内滩-台坪和潮坪-潮缘滩这3种向上变粗、变浅的沉积序列为特征;多旋回小层划分与对比研究发现,这套滩相颗粒岩在横向上具有良好的可追踪对比性和等时性;基于岩芯刻度测井方法建立的测井相模板,对全盆地235口井进行了逐井解释,发现滩相颗粒岩的累计厚度一般在10～40 m,连续分布面积超过1.5×105 km2,这充分说明了当时的碳酸盐台地确实在较短时间内发生了巨型浅滩化作用.重点从古构造与古地貌、古气候、海平面相对升降变化和古水动力等成滩条件角度分析了这种巨型浅滩化的成因,认为多种地质因素的有机结合为巨型浅滩化创造了有利的地形条件,包括平静的古构造环境、相对平坦的古地貌和蒸发岩的填平补齐作用;在稳定沉降的碳酸盐台地上,具有快速海侵到缓慢海退的多旋回高频海平面升降变化,这既有利于颗粒滩在垂向上的多旋回连续叠加发育,也有利于颗粒滩的横向迁移、连片和叠置,从而形成大面积连续分布的巨型颗粒滩沉积,形成巨型浅滩化.对这种碳酸盐台地具有现今盆地尺度的巨型浅滩化研究,有助于丰富完善对碳酸盐台地滩相沉积的认识,还因滩相沉积通常发育优质油气储层,所以还具有重要的储层地质学意义. 相似文献
7.
碳酸盐岩储层是南堡凹陷潜山重要的勘探领域,由于受到构造、岩性等多种因素的影响,常规储层预测难度大.本文提出相控储层预测方法,通过井上精细对比,确定南堡凹陷潜山碳酸盐岩储层的优势发育段,结合古地貌确定其有利分布相带,在有利相带约束下,优选出地震平均能量属性、曲率体属性、蚂蚁体属性和谱分解属性,融合这些属性,综合预测储层发育区.通过与已钻井的对比,储层发育区与钻井资料吻合度高,证实了该方法的有效性,同时为南堡凹陷潜山的展开勘探提供了参考. 相似文献
8.
深度域地震波速度模型是地震勘探中最重要的参数之一,是获得精确深度域偏移剖面的基础.本文基于成像射线的概念,阐述了时间偏移域和深度域之间的关系,明确了时间偏移后的像点是通过成像射线与深度域的散射点联系起来的.在有横向变速的情况下,时间偏移剖面需要经过时深转换才能真实反映深度域层位,同样,从时间偏移剖面上提取的速度也需要经过时深转换才能得到深度域的速度.与前者不同的是,在速度的时深转换中,不仅速度的位置需要改变,且其数值也需要进行校正.该校正因子有几种等价的描述形式：度规量、速度扩散因子和几何扩散因子. 相似文献
9.
10.
《地球物理学进展》2015,(3)
由于深海区地层速度的复杂性会导致沉积层的构造畸变,同时在深海区钻井也非常稀少,因此,其本身深度预测的难度就非常之大.在深海区中央峡谷A构造钻探后,利用现有的时深转换方法得到的该构造主力气组西高点地层埋深在已钻井同一连通气组的气水界面之下,但是通过大量的地质与地球物理分析后认为西高点含气可能性非常大,这两者十分矛盾.因此,在全面了解气藏展布特征的基础上,并分析了深海区海水速度的影响因素、上覆地层对目的层速度影响及地震速度体适用性等条件后,本文提出了一种新的时深转换方法—基于原始速度体的多元剥层法.结果表明,用该方法得到的深度域数据与目前地质认识以及地震特殊处理得到的结果吻合度很高,有效的解决了本区上述存在问题,降低了勘探风险,并为下步钻探提供了依据,具有很好的借鉴意义. 相似文献
11.
IntroductionInrecentyears,theresultsfromresearchesonwavevelocitystructureofuppermostmantleusingMohorefractionwavesindicatethattheclearlateralvelocityvariationandanisotropyexistintheuppermostmantle(Hearn,1996,1999;Mele,etal,1998;WANG,etal,2002).Astotheoriginofvelocitylateralvariation,thegeneralconsiderationisthatitmayberelatedtothemate-rialcomposition,pressureandtemperatureintheuppermostmantle(Hearn,1984,1999;Beghouletal,1993).Theseismicanisotropyoftheuppermostmantleisnowanestablishedfactan… 相似文献
12.
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is used to image and characterize fall and pyroclastic flow deposits from the 1815 eruption of Tambora volcano in Indonesia. Analysis of GPR common-mid-point (CMP) data indicate that the velocity of radar in the sub-surface is 0.1 m/ns, and this is used to establish a preliminary traveltime to-depth conversion for common-offset reflection profiles. Common-offset radar profiles were collected along the edge of an erosional gully that exposed approximately 1–2 m of volcanic stratigraphy. Additional trenching at select locations in the gully exposed the contact between the pre-1815 eruption surface and overlying pyroclastic deposit from the 1815 eruption. The deepest continuous, prominent reflection is shown to correspond to the interface between pre-eruption clay-rich soil and pyroclastics that reach a maximum thickness of 4 m along our profiles. This soil surface is distinctly terraced and is interpreted as the ground surface augmented for agriculture and buildings by people from the kingdom of Tambora. The correlation of volcanic stratigraphy and radar data at this location indicates that reflections are produced by the soil-pyroclastic deposit interface and the interface between pyroclastic flows (including pyroclastic surge) and the pumice-rich fall deposits. In the thickest deposits an additional reflection marks the interface between two pyroclastic flow units. 相似文献
13.
Jian‐Hua Wu Heng‐Fei Guo Dong‐Guang Yang Kai‐Xing Wang Chang‐Xi Wei Jia‐Lei Guo 《Island Arc》2020,29(1)
The Lengshuikeng Ag‐Pb‐Zn ore field is located in the North Wuyi Mesozoic volcanic belt south of the Qinzhou–Hangzhou suture zone between the Yangtze and Cathaysia paleo‐plates. Previous zircon U–Pb geochronological studies on ignimbrites and tuffs from this area have yielded conflicting ages of 157–161 Ma (Early Upper Jurassic) and 137–144 Ma (Early Lower Cretaceous). Volcanic rocks in the ore field have even been proposed to include both ages. Our SHRIMP zircon U–Pb dating of the ignimbrite and tuff samples from the ore field, along with field observations and results from geochronological work on other volcanic and sub‐volcanic rocks in the region, shows that two populations of magmatic zircons, one autocrystic and the other xenocrystic, are present in the pyroclastic rocks. The autocrystic zircons have ages suggesting formation/eruption at approximately 140 Ma, whereas the xenocrystic zircons give ages of 155–159 Ma, indicating intrusion of granitic porphyries in the Early Upper Jurassic. Therefore, the pyroclastic rocks in the Lengshuikeng Ag–Pb–Zn ore field formed in the Early Lower Cretaceous. The youngest zircon U–Pb ages from pyroclastic rocks may not represent the formation/eruption ages of the host rock, depending most likely on the existence and/or abundance of juvenile or vitric pyroclasts in the rocks. 相似文献
14.
中低温对流型地热资源在华北地区广泛分布,是一种清洁的替代能源.与活动断裂带相关的水热型地热资源是中低温地热系统的重要组成部分.本文基于高精度重力测量、微动测深及钻孔温度测量等数据,从热源、通道、储层和盖层四个方面探讨了南口—孙河断裂带水热系统特征.低重力异常揭示的燕山期花岗二长岩、闪长岩岩体范围为23.8 km~2和14.3 km~2,放射性测井数据计算得到其生热率均值为3.14μW·m~(-3),侏罗系火山岩生热率均值为1.65μW·m~(-3),隐伏岩体和火山岩均难以构成地热系统的附加热源.重力异常显示南口—孙河断裂带宽度约500~800 m,断裂带切割蓟县系雾迷山组白云岩热储层.钻井温度曲线显示断裂带内水热活动强烈,说明该断裂带是导水、导热的重要通道.断裂带南西侧马池口一带第四系松散层与侏罗系火山岩形成了热储盖层,微动测深显示火山岩最大厚度约1500 m.综上源、通、储、盖四个要素分析,该地热系统为热传导一对流复合型,来自京西北山区的大气降水经远距离径流深循环吸收地层热量后沿南口—孙河断裂上移到达裂隙发育的白云岩地层中形成热水.总之,沿南口—孙河断裂带具备了良好的地热地质条件,可达到规模开采的条件. 相似文献
15.
Distribution characteristics of terrestrial heat flow density in Jiyang depression of Shengli Oilfield, East China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GONG Yuling WANG Liangshu LIU Shaowen LI Cheng HAN Yongbing LI Hua LIU Bo & CAI Jingong . Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China . Department of Exploration Information Technology of East China Institute of Technology Fuzhou China . Earth Science Institution of Shengli Oilfield Dongying China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(9)
Terrestrialheatflowdensityistheamountofheatperunitareatransferringfromtheearthinteriortosurface,whichisanexteriorcharacteristicofthethermalandgeodynamicprocessesoccurringindeepmantle[1].Heatflow,asthemostdirectmannerofthermalprocessindeepearthandembodyingabundantinformationofgeology,geophysicsandgeodynamics,isasyntheticallythermalindexandplaysaveryimportantroleinstudyingnotonlytheactivityofcrust,thermalstructureofcrustanduppermantle,aswellasrheologicalstructureoflithosphere,butalsotheevaluation… 相似文献
16.
辽河盆地东部坳陷储集层由火山多期喷发形成,岩相岩性复杂,岩性以中、基性火山岩为主.本文将火山岩的岩心及岩矿鉴定资料与测井数据进行整合,应用测井数据建立支持向量机(SVM)两分类和多分类岩性识别模式.首先,深入研究支持向量机二分类及"一对一"、"一对多"和有向无环图三种经典多分类算法的基本原理及结构;然后,总结研究区域火山岩岩石特征,分析测井数据的测井响应组合特征,选择40口井中岩心分析和薄片鉴定资料完整、常规五种测井曲线(RLLD,CNL,DEN,AC,GR)齐全的1200个测井数据作为训练样本,构造三种支持向量机岩性识别模式;最后,对4测试井中800个测井数据进行岩性识别,识别结果与取心段岩心描述和岩心/岩屑薄片鉴定资料对比,实验结果表明有向无环图更适合辽河盆地火山岩的识别,识别正确率达到82.3%. 相似文献
17.
F. Whyte 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1968,32(1):253-268
Recent studies of Lower Carboniferous volcanic vents in the Campsie and Kilpatrick Hills and at Heads of Ayr have revealed a number of common features which are discussed. The present outcrops of both vents and plugs seldom represent the diameters of the original pipes. Late-stage subsidence occurred within ring fractures which developed around the craters and pipes. The main evidence for subsidence rests on the distortions of the marginal country rocks, and also on the presence within the vents of bedded pyroclastic rocks from the volcanic cone. In some vents, blocks of country rock occur at structural levels lower than that at which they are exposed in their nearest outcrop. The attitude of cooling joints in intrusive basalts of the vents shows many of them to be sheets rather than plugs. The distinction between sedimentary and flow-banded vent pyroclastic rocks is often difficult, and the most useful indicators of a sedimentary origin are discussed. 相似文献
18.
19.
Hyaloclastites are volcaniclastic rocks generated by non-explosive granulation of volcanic glass which takes place when basaltic magmas are quenched by contact with water; hyaloclastites are common products of deep submarine basaltic central volcanoes (seamounts and guyots). We suggested (Honnorlz, 1966) calling hyalotuffs the actual pyroclastic rocks which are generated by phreatomagmatic and phreatic explosions taking place when basaltic volcanoes crupt in shallow waters; hyalotuffs are restricted to shallow subaqueous conditions since no volcanic explosion can occur in deep seas. The distinction between hyaloclastites and hyalotuffs is therefore a useful tool when reconstructing the paleogeography of ancient submarine volcanic edifices and the mechanism by which their lavas were emplaced. We propose using two sets of morphometric parameters to discriminate the hyaloclastites from the hyalotuffs. The granules making up these two volcaniclastic rock types plot in different areas of either 1) a ternary diagram the apexes of which represent the grain planarity (P), convexity (V) and concavity (C) % («roundness» according to Szadeczky-Kardoss); or 2) a binary diagram relating the number of grain corners (N) to their planarity (P) %. 相似文献
20.
裂缝问题是火山岩复杂岩性油气藏勘探开发中必须考虑的重要因素之一.火山岩储层裂缝预测的准确性直接影响着油气的产能、钻井工艺和增产改造措施等.本文主要根据等效HTI介质(扩容各向异性介质)的特性,立足地下介质各向异性理论,利用三维地震叠前P波在HTI介质中的属性分布特征来检测裂缝的发育情况.利用三维地震叠前P波裂缝检测技术在松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷深层营城组火山岩中尝试开展了储层裂缝发育预测研究.通过研究建立了火山岩裂缝地震叠前预测方法,并对营城组火山岩裂缝发育情况进行预测,结果表明裂缝主要分布在工区中部构造高部位,发育方向以北北西向为主.最后利用测井资料和钻井产能资料等进行效果分析,证实该技术对于认识火山岩储层裂缝发育具有实际应用价值,说明应用地震资料开展储层裂缝预测具有横向分辨率高、实现井间分布描述和宏观空间分布规律清楚等特点. 相似文献