共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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刺松藻(Codium fragile)喂养鲍试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究首次利用大型底栖绿藻刺松藻在夏、秋季高水温期进行了鲍的喂养试验。结果表明,刺松藻的饵料效果优于海带和裙带菜,是鲍的一种优质天然饵料。该发现在一定程度上解决了夏、秋季高水温期鲍缺优质饵料的困难,对加速鲍养殖业的发展有重要意义。 相似文献
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随着鲍的人工育苗数量的不断增多,以及幼鲍从室内培养池移入海区的养殖阶段,直到成为种苗的规格(壳长1—1.5厘米),其饵料仍然是养殖成败的关键之一。福建南部海区杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor Reeve)的种苗培育阶段,正值夏季水温升高,采集天然海藻比较困难,鲍的饵料发生短缺;而且为了进一步弥补和提高鲍的饵料中所含蛋白质等营养成分,以提高幼鲍和种苗鲍存活率,加快生长速度,除积极开发利用天然海藻资源外,必须广开饵料新途径,因而研制种苗鲍用试验配合饵料,适当增加能促 相似文献
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中国海耳鲍胚胎发育特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用显微技术对耳鲍(Haliotis asinineLinnaeus)的胚胎发育进行了研究,同时观察到孵化后的担轮幼虫。结果表明,耳鲍胚胎发育过程与皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)和杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)基本相似,胚胎发育过程分为受精期、第一极体放出期、第二极体放出期、2细胞期、4细胞期、8细胞期、16细胞期、32细胞期、桑椹期、原肠期和未孵化的担轮幼虫期。在海水质量密度1.024,水温28℃的条件下,耳鲍完成胚胎发育历时约5 h 30 min,比皱纹盘鲍(海水质量密度1.022～1.023,水温22.5℃)、杂色鲍(海水质量密度1.022～1.023,水温24～26℃)分别快1.5～2.5 h和0.5 h。耳鲍成熟卵卵径为0.18～0.19 mm,担轮幼虫具有1束顶毛和2个纤毛环带。 相似文献
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九孔鲍人工配合饵料的初步研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在实验室条件下,对鲍人工的饵料保形率和腐败度进行了测试,测定结果该人工饵料在水温３０℃内,１２ｈ的保形率达８８％;在水温２１℃内７２ｈ的保形率仍达到８３％;水温２１℃以下人工饵料在水中浸泡１２ｈ后的水体溶氧为６．０８ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３以上,化学耗氧量则不论水温高低,水体里都达到１１ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３;水体ｐＨ值在水温１５￣２１℃间,１２ｈ后其值变化不大,而在水温２４￣３０℃间,其值由８．２下降至７．０。通 相似文献
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潮间带网箱养鲍技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报道了从１９９３年５月～１９９４年１０月开展潮间带网箱鲍的试验，在选好的岩礁区筑坝建池，防止落潮后网箱干露，利于鲍鱼度夏和越冬，利用网箱养鲍，便于管理，并可防止鲍鱼外逃及敌害生物侵入，苗种壳高２厘米以上，以提高其成活率；放养密度；壳高４厘米以前，每平方米２００～３００只，壳高４厘米以后，每平方米５０～１００只，可利于鲍鱼生长；饵料以海带，裙带菜为主，水温低于８℃时，很少投铒，水温８～１５℃，每 相似文献
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基于2011年5月至2012年4月(12月和翌年1—2月冰期除外)在渤海莱州湾逐月网采的数据资料,进行了莱州湾浮游桡足类胸刺水蚤(Centropages)种类组成、生态分布和生产力估算的研究。结果显示:莱州湾最为常见的胸刺水蚤是腹胸刺水蚤(Centropages abdominalis)和背针胸刺水蚤(C.dorsispinatus)。腹胸刺水蚤主要出现在冬、春季,该种5月丰度最高,月均丰度为435ind./m~3;背针胸刺水蚤主要出现夏、秋季(7—11月),该种9月丰度最高,月均丰度(76ind./m~3)明显低于腹胸刺水蚤相应值。成体中,两种胸刺水蚤的雌/雄比介于1—2。水温较高时,两种胸刺水蚤的桡足幼体和成体的前体长较小。腹胸刺水蚤密集区(100ind./m~3)主要分布于莱州湾湾口外东北侧,该水域水温多低于20°C;而背针胸刺水蚤密集区主要分布于水温介于21—25°C的湾内西侧近岸水域。粗略估算得到腹胸刺水蚤和背针胸刺水蚤桡足幼体和成体的月均生物量值分别为471μg C/m~3和50μg C/m~3,日生产力分别为89μg C/(m~3·d)和15μg C/(m~3·d)。两种胸刺水蚤具有明显季节更替和丰度空间分布互补性。背针胸刺水蚤已取代了2000年以前的优势种瘦尾胸刺水蚤(C.tenuiremis),成为莱州湾夏、秋季主要的胸刺水蚤。 相似文献
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为给单环刺 (U.unicinctus)的苗种生产提供有效的基础资料 ,本文研究了水温对单环刺胚胎发育的影响。结果表明 :单环刺各胚胎发育期的发育速度 (h)随水温 (T)升高而加快 ,有明显的正相关性。求得胚胎发育的生物学零度为平均 2℃。不同水温条件下 ,各期幼虫期的存活率以2 0℃为最高 ,培育水温高于或低于 2 0℃时生存率逐渐降低。幼虫培育适宜温度为 15～ 2 0℃。 相似文献
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Liu Shicheng 《海洋学报(英文版)》1994,13(4):579-588
Ｕｌｔｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｔｈｅｄｉａｔｏｍ──Ⅱ．Ｓｙｎｅｄｒａ，Ｃｙｃｌｏｐｈｏｒａ，Ｐｌａｇｉｏｇｒａｍｍａ，Ｏｐｅｐｈｏｒａ，ＦｒａｇｉｌａｒｉａａｎｄＰｓｅｕｄｏｓｔａｕｒｏｓｉｒａ￥ＬｉｕＳｈｉｃｈｅｎｇ（Ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ... 相似文献
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继中国沿海汇螺科Potamididae分类学研究I后,又完成了汇螺科的分类学研究II。本文主要论述了汇螺科中拟蟹守螺属Cerithidea、锥蟹守螺属Cerithideopsis、望远蟹守螺属Telescopium及笋光螺属Terebralia共4属9种,其中1个中国新纪录种为邱氏拟蟹守螺Cerithideaquoyii(Hombron&Jacquinot,1848)。文中对其形态特征、生活习性和地理分布等进行了研究论述,并对以往鉴定有误和使用混乱的种名进行了修订。目前为止,共整理分类出中国沿海汇螺科5属18种。为了解中国汇螺资源情况、生物多样性和生态学研究提供基础资料。 相似文献
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采用续航游泳时间评测指标作为评测鱼类游泳能力的方法,对一龄美国红鱼、鲈鱼、斜带髭鲷的续航时间,美国红鱼的临界(游泳)速度以及水温对美国红鱼续航时间影响进行了初步研究。结果表明,三种鱼中,美国红鱼耐流能力最强,其次为鲈鱼和斜带髭鲷。美国红鱼、鲈鱼、斜带髭鲷三种鱼的续航时间(或续航能力)与水流流速呈乘幂递减关系。水温对美国红鱼的游泳能力有显著的影响,试验结果表明,本文研究的美国红鱼,在水温20℃、流速84cm/s下的持续续航时间最长,可认为是该规格美国红鱼最适游泳水温范围。 相似文献
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Allelopathic effects of several concentrations of fresh tissue,dry powder and dry tissue of three bloom-forming green macroalgae Ulva pertusa,Ulva linza and Enteromopha intestinalis on the red tide microalga Heterosigma akashiwo were evaluated in microcosms systems.The effects of macroalgae culture medium filtrate were investigated on H.akashiwo using initial or semi-continuous filtrate addition.Preliminary studies on the algicidal effects of one aqueous and four organic solvent extracts from the macroalgae on the microalga were carried out to confirm the existence of allelochemicals in the tissue of these macroalgae.The dry powder of U.pertusa was extracted with methanol,and the methanol extracts were partitioned to petroleum ether phase,ethyl acetate phase,butanol phase and distilled phase by liquid-liquid fractionation.The bioassays of the activity of every fraction were carried out on H.akashiwo.The resultant microcosms assay showed that the growth of H.akashiwo was strongly inhibited by using fresh tissues,dry powder or dry tissue of these three macroalgae,while aqueous and methanol extracts of both macroalgae had strong inhibitory effects on the growth of H.akashiwo,and the EC 50 values for methanol extract of U.pertusa,U.linza or E.intestinalis were 0.016,0.028×10-12 or 0.033×10-12,respectively.While the other three organic solvent extracts（acetone,ether and chloroform） had no apparent effect on its growth,this suggests that the allelochemicals from these three macroalgae had relatively high polarities.The activity of petroleum ether phase,ethyl acetate phase,butanol phase and distilled phase of U.pertusa methanol extract was carried out on H.akashiwo indicating that petroleum ether phase and ethyl acetate phase had stronger algicidal effect on H.akashiwo.The inhibition effect of the ethyl acetate phase was not as strong as that of petroleum ether phase,and effective concentration of petroleum ether phase was 17 mg/L for H.akashiwo.However,no significant algicidal effects were observed on the butanol phase and distilled water phase.These three macroalgae＇s culture medium filtrate exhibited no apparent growth inhibitory effect on the microalga under initial filtrate addition whereas the growth of H.akashiwo was significantly inhibited under semi-continuous filtrate addition,which suggests that continuous release of small quantities of rapidly degradable allelochemicals from the fresh tissue of both macroalgae was effective in inhibiting the growth of H.akashiwo. 相似文献
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紫菜一新种——少精紫菜 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
多年来,在青岛沿岸采到属全缘紫菜组的一种紫菜,其形态特征特别是雄性生殖细胞——精子囊器的分布形式不同于前人所记述近缘种类的甘紫菜(Porphyra tenera Kjellm.)、条斑紫菜(P.yezoensis Ueda)、列紫菜(P.seriata Kjellm.)等种。根据精于囊器在叶片上分布的特征及其分列式并与有关种类进行了详细的比较研究,证实这种紫菜为一尚未记述的种类,现定名为少精紫菜Porphyra oligospermatangia Zeng et Zheng Baofu,SP.nov. 相似文献
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Charles F. Phleger Matthew M. Nelson Ami K. Groce S. Craig Cary Kathryn Coyne John A.E. Gibson Peter D. Nichols 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2005,52(12):2333-2352
The lipid composition was determined for 5 species of polychaete annelids collected by the Deep Submergence Vehicle ALVIN from high temperature chimneys at the 2500 m depth hydrothermal vent field of the East Pacific Rise. These are the first lipid biomarker analyses reported for these hydrothermal vent polychaetes. Lipid content was low in all samples (1.6–35.9 mg g–1 wet mass) and was dominated by polar lipid (78–90% of total lipid) with 8–19% sterol (ST), and very low storage lipid (triacylglycerol and wax ester). Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were moderately high (22–31% of total fatty acids (FA)) with extremely low or no docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6(n-3)). Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5(n-3)) levels were 5–6% in Alvinella pompejana and A. caudata and 10.3–13.7% in an errantiate polychaete (likely Hesionidae) and Hesiolyra bergii. There were greater PUFA and a greater EPA/AA (AA is arachidonic acid, 20:4(n-6)) ratio in the anterior versus the posterior half of A. pompejana, which may correlate to the strong temperature gradient reported in its tube. Total nonmethylene interrupted diunsaturated fatty acids (NMID) were 4–9% of total FA for most polychaete species and included several 20:2 and 22:2 components. The principal monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) included 18:1(n-7)c (14–19%), 16:1(n-7)c (2.6–10%) and 20:1(n-11)c (3–7% of total FA). These polychaete species may desaturate and elongate the bacterial-derived 18:1(n-7)c to obtain the essential FA EPA and AA. The major ST in the polychaetes is cholesterol (89–98% of total ST) with less cholesterol in the gut contents of A. pompejana. Other ST included 24-ethylcholesterol (1.5–5% of total ST) with lesser amounts of 24-methylenecholesterol, desmosterol, lathosterol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-ethylcholesterol, and the stanols dehydrocholestanol and cholestanol. The high ST levels could play a role in thermal adaptation of membranes at the hydrothermal vent environment. Differences in the FA profiles separated the closely related species A. pompejana and A. caudata from Paralvinella grasslei, H. bergii, and the errantiate polychaete (likely Hesionidae). 相似文献
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从软体动物中的腹足纲、双壳纲以及节肢动物中的甲壳纲分别选取了3种中国沿海常见的品种——东风螺、弯竹蛏、斑节对虾,提取并分析它们的壳基质蛋白。利用液相色谱串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）技术对蛋白质组学进行分析发现特定的蛋白质具有明显的种属差异：①N66蛋白（一种碳酸酐酶）通常存在于弯竹蛏中,但不存在于东风螺和斑节对虾中,揭示N66蛋白质具有特异性,在未来的物种鉴定中可能具有重要的参考意义;②角质层蛋白AM1199和CP14.6存在于斑节对虾的表皮结构中,在东风螺和弯竹蛏中未检测到;③血蓝蛋白同时在3种动物外壳的基质蛋白中被鉴定出来,揭示了其在不同物种的外壳形成与发育过程中的重要作用。该研究为壳基质蛋白在软体动物或节肢动物外壳中的鉴定提供了基础,也为探索不同物种的生物矿化过程提供了重要参考。 相似文献