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基于遥感视反射率图像的矿化信息识别及其应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
成矿作用过程中产生的矿化蚀变,在遥感图像上往往是一种非直接的弱相关信息。文章以川西西支沟地区为例,通过典型矿床地面波谱分析,并在视反射率图像模拟及其与典型矿床地面波谱反射率的相关分析基础上,对矿化蚀变信息进行反演识别研究。西支沟地区的研究表明,基于视反射率图像的矿化信息反演识别分析可增强遥感图像矿化信息,在多金属矿化信息识别方面有较理想的找矿预测效果。 相似文献
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选择新疆红山铜金矿床,使用美国ASD公司的FieldSpec Pro FR地面波谱仪,在铜金矿区及外围地段分别对各地质体的英安岩、蚀变英安岩、花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、流纹斑岩、片理化带、矿体等开展地面波谱测试,获取各地质体的波谱曲线,综合剖析各吸收峰的波谱特征和蚀变矿物的反映特征,同时结合镜下鉴定和X射线衍射分析结果,研究和总结红山铜金矿区从矿体、矿化体、近矿围岩、外围蚀变围岩至外围正常围岩的地面高光谱蚀变矿物和蚀变矿物组合分布特征,结合矿床的地质矿产特征和地面围岩蚀变特征,形成地面高光谱蚀变矿物组合分布图,构建红山铜金矿床基于地面高光谱遥感找矿模型,为后期开展航空高光谱遥感调查、高光谱蚀变矿物信息提取和找矿预测提供地面高光谱波谱数据支持和典型矿床模型基础。 相似文献
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《矿产与地质》2018,(6)
本研究旨在了解高光谱遥感数据在地质勘探中的应用性能,查明新疆山苏地区成矿地质环境;然后利用机载高光谱遥感数据对雅满苏地区进行综合分析和研究。选择雅满苏铁矿床作为研究对象,利用Field Spec Pro FR地面波谱仪和Hy Map航空成像光谱仪,获取地面和航空高光谱遥感数据,诊断、识别和提取地空高光谱蚀变矿物信息,开展高光谱蚀变异常特征综合分析,总结矿床尺度的地空蚀变矿物组合特征规律。进而结合地质矿产成矿有利信息,构建雅满苏铁矿床高光谱遥感找矿模型,开展找矿应用,圈定铁及多金属找矿有利区。研究表明:铁矿区矿化体分布的地面高光谱蚀变矿物为褐铁矿+黄钾铁矾+绿泥石,近矿围岩分布的蚀变矿物为褐铁矿+绢云母+绿帘石方解石;航空高光谱近矿蚀变矿物组合为褐铁矿+赤铁矿+绿泥石+绿帘石+角闪石,外围组合为绿泥石+绿帘石+绢云母。通过野外查证,新发现赋存在下石炭统雅满苏组灰岩与花岗岩体接触带的铁矿化体,取得了较好的找矿应用效果。该找矿有利区为雅满苏地区铁矿勘查提供了靶区方向,地空高光谱蚀变矿物找矿的研究方法和思路为航空高光谱遥感调查和遥感蚀变异常信息靶区定位提供借鉴基础。 相似文献
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新疆卡拉塔格地区位于东天山成矿带,地质矿产资源丰富,铜金及多金属矿床集中,找矿潜力较大。铜金矿床地表矿化蚀变现象明显,发育的褐铁矿化+黄钾铁矾化+绢云母化形成地物反射光谱特征,为高光谱遥感地空综合预测方法用于探测铜金矿化蚀变信息成为可能,并成为寻找铜金矿床的有效技术方法。本文在卡拉塔格地区开展了航空高光谱和地面高光谱在铜金多金属矿床找矿研究,分别采用Hy Map航空成像光谱仪和Field Spec Pro FR光谱仪,获取了研究区Hy Map航空高光谱数据、地面准同步定标数据、地面高光谱数据,提取并筛选了基于Hy Map航空高光谱影像的成矿有利蚀变信息,在此基础上对该区红山铜金矿床航空-地面高光谱提取的蚀变信息进行了综合剖析,并结合矿区地质背景,建立了红山铜金矿床高光谱遥感地空综合找矿模型,经对比分析在该区圈定了2处找矿预测区。说明高光谱遥感地空综合预测方法在该区得到了很好的应用效果。 相似文献
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甲玛铜多金属矿经过一年的勘探工作,发现矿区外围工业矿体仍未圈闭,其找矿潜力巨大。为了验证在周边区域存在矿化的可能性,笔者运用遥感技术对矿区及其周边区域进行成矿预测研究,力图能为甲玛的进一步勘查提供依据。文中运用ETM+图像进行主成分分析、比值分析、MNF变换,通过蒙赛尔变换,形成HLS图像,根据Fe3+、Si、OH-在解译图像中显示出高亮度反射的特点,设定阈值,从而提取遥感矿化蚀变信息。解译结果与矿区IKONOS图像的蚀变、岩性解译结果相吻合,蚀变提取形态一致,从而确定了ETM+图像信息提取结果的正确性,证实了在甲玛及其外围采用ETM+图像提取与矿化有关的信息是可行的。引入ETM+图像TM6波段,合成746假彩色图像进行构造信息的解译,并综合构造的、蚀变的、地质的研究成果,利用GIS技术进行信息的分层提取和叠加分析,在甲玛铜多金属矿矿区周边圈定了6个找矿远景区,这些远景区主要分布在甲玛矿区的周围及其北部一定的辐射范围内,是甲玛矿区外围找矿的重点。目前该研究区域除甲玛、驱龙外,其他地方的勘查程度均较低,但文中采用ETM+图像提取各种成矿信息,再用高空间分辨率的IKONOS图像提取成矿信息,开展对比研究,验证了圈定的找矿远景区的客观性和正确性,从而可用于指导甲玛的外围及冈底斯成矿带的区域找矿勘查实践。 相似文献
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义敦岛弧南段铜矿床地面反射波谱的ρ值与TM图象亮度存有显著的线性相关关系。在对典型铜矿床的野外波谱实测基础上,经与TM遥感数据进行相关分析,建立了典型铜矿地面波谱反射率与TM图象最佳波段数据的相关模型和矿床的波谱识别模型,将TM图象反演成与矿床地面波谱有关的地空相关图象,并据其进行了计算机图象的铜矿床波谱识别。其应用效果表明,铜矿床地面波谱的TM分析方法在义敦岛弧南段的成矿预测及靶区定位中有较理想的效果,是区内铜矿化信息提取值得借鉴的方法。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过烧杯搅拌实验对混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液进行研究,从混凝剂适应p H值范围、混凝效果、沉降速度三方面研究比较,找出一种较为理想的混凝剂,并分析了影响混凝剂性能的主要因素,确定了混凝剂的最佳投放剂量。 相似文献
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黄河源区水环境变化及黄河出现冬季断流的原因 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
自1954年有水文观测资料以来，黄河曾在青海省玛多县黄河沿水文站发生过3次断流。本文在分析黄河源区水环境特征及其影响因素的基础上指出，鄂陵湖、扎陵湖的环湖融区调节能力低，当遇到连续干旱、冬季其调节水量不足以维系黄河径流时便会发生断流，这是断流的主因。湖水位降低、开采沙金、过度放牧等自然和人为因素也会对黄河发生断流产生影响。鄂陵湖口附近黄河上修建的水电站开始蓄水，提高了两湖及环湖融区的调节能力，今后黄河冬季出现断流的可能性将大为降低。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献
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利用天山南坡科其喀尔冰川3号观测站2009年全年的气象观测资料,分析研究了科其喀尔冰川表碛区的小气候特征. 结果表明：总辐射和净辐射夏秋季较高、冬春季较低;反射辐射和地表反照率反之. 与其他地区不同,该区主要受积雪物理性质和下垫面状况的影响,冬春季地表反照率日变化表现为由大到小的变化过程,夏秋季表现为倒U型. 温度年变化表现为夏秋季高、冬春季低,最高月均值出现在8月,为9.4℃,最低月均值出现在1月,为-9.6℃. 受山谷风和冰川风的影响,全年的风向以西北风和西北偏西风为主,风向的日变化以11：00为界发生转向. 受降水和冰川消融等的影响,比湿夏秋季月均值较大,冬春季月均值较小. 相似文献
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Climate: Is the past the key to the future? 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The climate of the Holocene is not well suited to be the baseline for the climate of the planet. It is an interglacial, a
state typical of only 10% of the past few million years. It is a time of relative sea-level stability after a rapid 130-m
rise from the lowstand during the last glacial maximum. Physical geologic processes are operating at unusual rates and much
of the geochemical system is not in a steady state. During most of the Phanerozoic there have been no continental ice sheets
on the earth, and the planet’s meridional temperature gradient has been much less than it is presently. Major factors influencing
climate are insolation, greenhouse gases, paleogeography, and vegetation; the first two are discussed in this paper. Changes
in the earth’s orbital parameters affect the amount of radiation received from the sun at different latitudes over the course
of the year. During the last climate cycle, the waxing and waning of the northern hemisphere continental ice sheets closely
followed the changes in summer insolation at the latitude of the northern hemisphere polar circle. The overall intensity of
insolation in the northern hemisphere is governed by the precession of the earth’s axis of rotation, and the precession and
ellipticity of the earth’s orbit. At the polar circle a meridional minimum of summer insolation becomes alternately more and
less pronounced as the obliquity of the earth’s axis of rotation changes. Feedback processes amplify the insolation signal.
Greenhouse gases (H2O, CO2, CH4, CFCs) modulate the insolation-driven climate. The atmospheric content of CO2 during the last glacial maximum was approximately 30% less than during the present interglacial. A variety of possible causes
for this change have been postulated. The present burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and cement manufacture since the
beginning of the industrial revolution have added CO2 to the atmosphere when its content due to glacial-interglacial variation was already at a maximum. Anthropogenic activity
has increased the CO2 content of the atmosphere to 130% of its previous Holocene level, probably higher than at any time during the past few million
years. During the Late Cretaceous the atmospheric CO2 content was probably about four times that of the present, the level to which it may rise at the end of the next century.
The results of a Campanian (80 Ma) climate simulation suggest that the positive feedback between CO2 and another important greenhouse gas, H2O, raised the earth’s temperature to a level where latent heat transport became much more significant than it is presently,
and operated efficiently at all latitudes. Atmospheric high- and low-pressure systems were as much the result of variations
in the vapor content of the air as of temperature differences. In our present state of knowledge, future climate change is
unpredictable because by adding CO2 to the atmosphere we are forcing the climate toward a “greenhouse” mode when it is accustomed to moving between the glacial–interglacial
“icehouse” states that reflect the waxing and waning of ice sheets. At the same time we are replacing freely transpiring C3
plants with water-conserving C4 plants, producing a global vegetation complex that has no past analog. The past climates of
the earth cannot be used as a direct guide to what may occur in the future. To understand what may happen in the future we
must learn about the first principles of physics and chemistry related to the earth’s system. The fundamental mechanisms of
the climate system are best explored in simulations of the earth’s ancient extreme climates.
Received: 7 November 1996/Accepted: 23 January 1997 相似文献