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1.
白斑综合症病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)是对虾养殖业中最具破坏力的致病病毒.本实验用含WSSV的克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)肌肉投喂健康凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei),模拟自然条件下对虾经摄食感染WSSV的过程.在口服攻毒后不同时间分别取消化系统的不同器官通过荧光定量PCR测定各器官中病毒的拷贝数,发现攻毒后12~24 h病毒在食道或中肠中的病毒量仅增加了3~5倍,而在贲门胃和幽门胃中的病毒量增加了100倍以上.进一步的扫描电镜分析表明,病毒粒子对贲门胃和幽门胃内壁均具有很强的粘附能力,而对食道和中肠内壁的粘附能力很弱,且脱去了囊膜的WSSV核衣壳失去了与对虾消化道粘附的能力.以上结果说明WSSV经摄食后主要入侵的靶器官是胃,且病毒囊膜蛋白在病毒与宿主消化道器官的相互作用中起到了重要的作用.  相似文献   

2.
朱艳冰  吴成林  杨丰 《海洋学报》2008,30(1):135-139
白斑综合症病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)是对虾的最主要病毒病原之一,给对虾养殖造成了巨大的经济损失。WSSV分别与三种该病毒膜蛋白VP39,VP124和VP187的特异性抗血清在体外作用后,再注射到螯虾体内,进行中和试验。结果显示,注射同或未同VP124抗血清作用的WSSV,8 d后螯虾的死亡率分别是100%和60%,WSSV的感染能够被抗VP124抗体中和。进一步利用定量PCR分析上述三种特异性抗血清对病毒感染的影响,结果显示,VP124抗血清可抑制WSSV在螯虾体内的增殖。所有结果表明,VP124在病毒的感染中起作用。  相似文献   

3.
白斑综合征病毒对脊尾白虾的致病性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2010年、2011年江苏沿海多数地方海水养殖中发生了脊尾白虾大规模死亡的现象,本课题通过对患暴发性流行病的脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)进行病毒分子生物学检测,发现病虾体内白斑综合征病毒(White Spot Syndrome Virus,简称WSSV)检测普遍呈阳性;应用发病虾组织制备的病毒粗提液,进行了人工感染实验,实验表明该病毒对脊尾白虾具有较强的致病性,可引起68.5%的死亡率。电镜结果表明,发病虾与感染病虾鳃及肝胰脏等组织器官都发生了相同的细胞病理变化,主要表现为细胞核内染色质边聚、线粒体肿胀、内嵴消失等一系列细胞病理变化,在其细胞核与细胞质中发现了具有单层囊膜结构的对虾白斑综合征病毒粒子,病毒粒子大小约为(130~170)nm×(305~405)nm,核衣壳呈子弹形,一端较细另一端较粗,完整病毒粒子由核心、衣壳和囊膜构成,分子生物学实验表明该病毒为WSSV。实验结果符合柯赫氏法则,可以初步推断WSSV感染脊尾白虾并与引发的大规模死亡有着直接关系。  相似文献   

4.
网格蛋白为三脚蛋白复合体,其介导的内吞作用是病毒侵染细胞的常用途径之一.而对虾白斑综合症病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)是对虾养殖业的主要病原,为了研究分析WSSV的侵染机制及进入宿主细胞的途径,在本研究中,克隆得到红螯螯虾(Cherax quadricarinatus)网格蛋白轻链的c DNA全长,并将其命名为Cq CLC(Genbank登录号为KR075008).进化树分析表明,其与黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)的网格蛋白轻链进化距离较近.此外,在其蛋白序列中选择抗原性较好的片段合成多肽,并以此制备单克隆抗体,而后经免疫荧光和western blot检测从中筛选出具有特异性的抗体,为进一步对WSSV侵染虾细胞机制及入胞途径的研究奠定了基础.  相似文献   

5.
用WSSV粗提液人工感染克氏原螯虾,感染后分别在6,12,18,24 h采血分离血细胞,通过WSSV的混合单抗和FITC标记的羊抗鼠二抗的间接免疫荧光染色,应用流式细胞仪检测病毒对克氏原螯虾血细胞的感染并分析感染强度.结果表明:分离获得的血细胞形态完好,感染后血细胞内的病毒被标记上了绿色荧光;流式检测发现,随感染时间延长,被感染细胞的百分率及平均荧光强度均逐渐升高,反映血细胞的病毒感染程度逐渐加深;PCR检测同时证实人工感染后各采样点血细胞样品均为WSSV阳性.  相似文献   

6.
以前期已制备的抗WSSV囊膜蛋白单克隆抗体4G9(Ab1)杂交瘤细胞生产小鼠腹水,腹水经辛酸-硫酸铵法、ProteinG亲和层析法纯化后,用以制备兔抗血清,所得血清经纯化得到粗提的兔抗WSSV独特型抗体(Ab2)。采用竞争酶联免疫吸附实验、间接免疫荧光法、斑点免疫印迹和蛋白免疫印迹等实验方法分析了Ab2特性,结果表明:Ab2能识别Ab1并与WSSV竞争Ab1的抗原结合位点,是具有模拟WSSV特性的抗独特型抗体;Ab2能与中国对虾血细胞结合,并能部分阻断WSSV与血细胞膜的结合;其与中国对虾血细胞膜上结合的蛋白分子量分别为94.5、51.5和27.0kDa,由此推断,这三个蛋白为WSSV在中国对虾血细胞膜上的结合蛋白。本研究结果可为进一步研究WSSV侵染机理提供资料。  相似文献   

7.
用WSSV粗提液注射感染克氏原螯虾,感染后每24 h采集螯虾血细胞。血细胞经与抗WSSV单克隆抗体及FITC标记的羊抗鼠抗体结合反应后,应用流式细胞仪检测WSSV对血细胞的感染,同时记录螯虾累积死亡率及血细胞密度。结果表明,感染WSSV后螯虾1~7 d的累积死亡率分别为3.3%,13.3%,16.7%,36.7%,70.0%,90%和100%;1~5 d血细胞被感染比例分别为6.47%,6.93%,10.65%,26.08%和4.94%;1~5 d被感染细胞的平均荧光强度分别为10.7,10.89,11.71,13.77和15.47;1~6 d血细胞密度分别为(7.56±0.30),(5.60±0.24),(4.21±0.30),(1.45±0.26),(1.21±0.21)和(1.14±0.18)×106个/mL,阴性对照组螯虾血细胞密度为(5.34±0.22)×106个/mL。可见,感染WSSV后螯虾血细胞密度呈现先升后降的趋势,至感染后第6天血细胞密度仅为对照组的21.3%;被感染血细胞内的病毒量始终呈上升趋势、达到最高感染率时螯虾处于濒死状态,表明血细胞的WSSV感染与螯虾死亡密切相关。  相似文献   

8.
对虾白斑综合症病毒vp15基因的RNA干扰研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
张衡  谷力  杨丰 《台湾海峡》2012,31(1):47-52
VP15是对虾白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)的一种核衣壳蛋白,以往的研究表明VP15属DNA结合蛋白,具有潜在的浓缩包装病毒基因组的功能.利用RNAi技术将vp15基因沉默,来研究vp15基因沉默后对WSSV增殖及结构的影响.体外合成了vp15基因的特异双链RNA(vp15-dsRNA)和非特异双链RNA(gfp-dsRNA),分别与WSSV混合共注射淡水原克氏螯虾.在感染后24、36、48 h,每个实验组分别取病虾步足肌肉,样品用Trizol试剂盒提取RNA用于RT-PCR检测、用病毒检测试剂盒提取DNA模板用于荧光定量PCR分析.另外每组随机选取1只虾,取中肠,用于树脂包埋组织超薄切片分析.逆转录PCR分析结果显示vp15-dsRNA能特异性敲除vp15基因转录表达,实时荧光定量PCR分析结果显示vp15-dsRNA干扰vp15基因的表达能有效抑制WSSV病毒粒子的增值.此外,利用树脂包埋组织超薄切片电子显微镜技术观察发现vp15基因被干扰后病毒粒子数量上明显降低并且引起病毒粒子包装异常.通过vp15基因特异dsRNA干扰,有效抑制了WSSV病毒增殖,此外进一步阐明VP15蛋白的功能及其在病毒组装方面的重要作用,对进一步了解病毒组装以及病毒防治具有重要的意义.  相似文献   

9.
克氏原螯虾亲环素蛋白A(Procambarus clarkii Cyclopllilin A,简称PcCypA)是一种存在于克氏原螯虾(P.clarkii)中高度保守的重要蛋白,具有多种生物学功能。为了初步阐明CypA在病毒侵染克氏原螯虾过程中的免疫应答机制,本研究利用qRT-PCR等技术分析了克氏原螯虾在WSSV病毒感染后,PcCypA在不同组织中的转录表达情况。研究结果表明克氏原螯虾在感染WSSV后,心脏和肌肉组织中都出现了肌纤维断裂溶解的情况,在肝胰腺组织中出现了脂肪颗粒脱落、细胞空泡化和细胞膜溶解现象。同时,不同组织中的PcCypA基因表达存在明显的时序差异,以24hpi为界,0—24hpi为注射应激期,在此期间,肝胰腺、心脏等组织中的PcCypA转录表达量均有上调;24—36hpi为应激恢复期,绝大多数的组织中PcCypA转录表达均出现了回落,但在心脏、肌肉、血淋巴组织中出现了上调,说明这三个组织对WSSV感染的响应可能早于其他组织;48hpi之后为病毒感染响应阶段,在此期间鳃和肌肉组织中PcCypA表达量显著提升,而在肝胰腺和精巢组织中却出现表达下调;96—120hpi为感染响应后期阶段,肝胰腺和肠组织的PcCypA转录水平再次上调。因而,可以初步推断PcCypA在病毒WSSV侵染克氏原螯虾过程中参与了机体的免疫应答,且在不同的组织中PcCypA的转录表达水平存在显著差异。  相似文献   

10.
本研究利用荧光定量PCR技术,开展了白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)感染途径及染病最低病毒浓度的研究.用病毒分别感染对虾的口腔、鳃、背部甲壳和腹部软壳24 h后,利用qPCR测定血液中的病毒拷贝数,结果显示病毒主要通过口腔和鳃入侵宿主,并通过血液循环进行全身感染,但病毒不能穿过对虾的体表引起感染.此外,将对虾分别放在含不同病毒粒子浓度(101、102、103、104、105个/dm3)或含核衣壳的海水中培养,发现当海水中病毒粒子浓度低于102个/dm3时,对虾没有感染病毒,当浓度达到103个/dm3以上时能引起对虾感染.结果暗示103个/dm3是引起对虾感染的最低病毒粒子浓度,而核衣壳则不具有感染性.  相似文献   

11.
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the major shrimp pathogens causing large economic losses to shrimp farming. In an attempt to identify the envelope proteins involved in the virus infection, purified WSSV virions were mixed with three antisera against WSSV envelope proteins (VP39, VP124 and VP187 ), individually. And then they were injected intramuscularly into crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) to conduct in vivo neutralization assays. The results showed that for groups injected with virions only and groups injected with the mixture of virions and antiserum against VP124, the crayfish mortalities were 100% and 60% on the 8th day postinfection, individually. The virus infection could be delayed or neutralized by antibody against the envelope protein VP124. Quantitative PCR was used to further investigate the influence of three antisera described above on the virus infection. The results showed that the antiserum against VP124 could restrain the propagation of WSSV in crayfish. All of the results suggested that the viral envelope protein VP124 played a role in WSSV infection.  相似文献   

12.
白斑综合征(white spot syndrome,WSS)的爆发已给虾类养殖业造成了严重经济损失,寻找能够指示虾类群体抗白斑病能力的指标对虾类养殖业具有重要意义。本研究以脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda Holthuis)为实验材料,以人工注射白斑综合征病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)攻毒后稳定存活的脊尾白虾作为WSSV耐受群体(命名为Rm),以注射PBS的虾作为对照群体(命名为Vm),分析比较了Rm群体和Vm群体的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性差异以探讨筛选对虾抗病免疫指标的可行性。Rm群体的ACP和AKP活性均显著低于Vm群体(P0.05),而两群体在SOD活性上无显著差异。为进一步检验WSSV耐受群体是否比未经历过病毒感染的虾具有更高的抗WSSV的能力,作者以实验室养殖过程中经过WSSV自然感染后存活的脊尾白虾作为抗性群体(命名为Rn),以未经历过WSSV感染的脊尾白虾作为普通群体(Vn),进行WSSV人工注射攻毒,观察它们在WSSV感染后的存活率,结果显示Rn群体攻毒后存活率为33.2%,显著高于Vn群体的存活率15.1%(P0.05),说明ACP和AKP有可能作为虾类抗WSSV能力的评价指标。  相似文献   

13.
The neutralizing activities of eight monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) (2D2, 2B2,1D2, 1D5, 1C2, 4A1, 6A4 and 6B4) were analyzed by in vivo experiments. Gills from WSSV-infected shrimp were homogenized and ten-fold serially diluted by PBS, and then incubated with MAbs (hybridoma culture supernatant), respectively. The mixture of WSSV and MAbs were injected into crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). After challenge, the death rates of crayfish were counted to determine the neutralizing activities of MAbs. At the same time, the mixture of myeloma culture supernatant and WSSV or PBS was served as positive or negative control, respectively. The results showed that, at each virus dilution, the mean time to death of the crayfish injected with MAb-treated virus was significantly longer than that in the positive control, though they all showed 100% mortality within 25 d, and meanwhile, few crayfish died in the negative control. Among the eight MAbs, 2D2, 2B2, 1D2 and 1D5, especially the former two, delayed the mortality significantly, and 1 C2, 4A1 and 6A4 delayed the mortality as well but not so efficiently, while MAb 6IM was efficient only when the virus concentration increased. The results indicated that the anti-WSSV MAbs can neutralize WSSV in different virus dilutions.  相似文献   

14.
养殖锯缘青蟹呼肠孤样病毒粒子的电镜观察   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
经过对患病青蟹Scylla serrata的组织进行了超薄切片电镜观察,在病蟹的鳃上皮细胞、心肌细胞、胃和肠道上皮细胞中发现了大量的呼肠孤样病毒粒子。该病毒粒子的大小为60 nm左右,二十面体对称,无囊膜,在感染组织细胞浆中呈晶格状排列。根据病毒的形态特征和组织分布形态,初步认为该病毒为水生呼肠孤病毒,暂将其命名为青蟹呼肠孤病毒(Scylla serratareo-like virus,Ss-REO)。  相似文献   

15.
Penaeidin from Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) has proved to be one of the most important antimicrobial peptides in the bodies of animals. The relative quantitative real-time PCR method is developed to study through time, the mRNA expression profile of penaeidin in the muscle and haemoeyte tissue of Chinese shrimp infected with vibrio (Vibrio anguillarum) and WSSV (white spot syndrome virus). Research results showed that the same pathogens infection experiments produced similar gene expression profile in different tissues while different expression profiles appeared in the same tissues infected by different exterior pathogens. In vibrio infection experiments, a “U” like expression profile resulted. Expression levels of ponaeidin increased and surpassed the non-stimulated level, indicating that penaeidin from Chinese shrimp has noticeable antimierobial activities. In WSSV infection experiments, the expression profile appeared as an inverse ““““U““““ with the expression ofpenaeidin gradually decreasing to below baseline level after 24 h.The expression of antimierobial peptides gene in mRNA level in response to virus infection in shrimp showed that international mechanisms ofvirns to haemoeytes and microbial to haemoeytes are completely different. Decline of ponaeidins expression levels may be due to haemoeytes being destroyed by WSSV or that the virus can inhibit the expression ofponaeidins by yet undiscovered modes. The expression profiles of penaeidin in response to exterior pathogen and the difference of expression profiles between vibrio and WSSV infection provided some clues to further understanding the complex innate immune mechanism in shrimp.  相似文献   

16.
摘要:精氨酸激酶(AK)通过调节无脊椎动物体内磷酸精氨酸与ATP之间平衡在能量代谢、储存和利用方面具有重要作用。前期研究发现,白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)囊膜蛋白VP31可以与中国明对虾AK(FcAK)发生结合作用。本文通过重组表达的rFcAK与rVP31的far-Western blotting分析,证实两者有结合作用。此外,rFcAK还与WSSV的VP19、VP28等6种结构蛋白有结合作用。双向电泳分析观察到,rFcAK与rVP31的磷酸化反应后,rVP31部分发生pI降低现象,提示rVP31可能发生了磷酸化。生物信息学分析表明VP31存在21个精氨酸残基,FcAK具有12个精氨酸结合位点,这可能为VP31和FcAK的结合活性提供了靶位。  相似文献   

17.
施泓  阮灵伟 《台湾海峡》2012,31(3):368-374
白斑综合症病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)是对虾养殖业中危害最大的病原微生物之一,对对虾养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失,但目前尚无有效防治手段.本研究从WSSV囊膜蛋白VP28免疫的小鼠细胞中分别扩增到重链可变区基因和轻链可变区基因,大小为351 bp和342 bp.两基因序列通过Linker序列连接后,构建到酵母表面载体pYD1中,得到重组质粒pYD1-vp28scfv.将该重组质粒在酿酒酵母EBY100中诱导表达,通过免疫荧光实验发现,重组蛋白VP28scFv在酿酒酵母EBY100表面实现展示.进一步通过结合实验表明该展示蛋白具有WSSV的结合活性.本研究在结合酿酒酵母可作为饲料添加剂的特性基础上,对WSSV囊膜蛋白VP28单链抗体的抗病毒特性进行了应用,从而为WSSV的防治提供了新思路.  相似文献   

18.
Recombinant bacteria secreting the transmembrane-truncated region of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) envelope protein VP28 named DhpVB were constructed, using live Escherichia coli as a deliverer and a constitutive secretory expression plasmid as the expression vector. With the ability to deliver recombinant protein products outside, DhpVB could make VP28 directly interact with the shrimp when injected into shrimp. In order to test the protection potential, live DhpVB were injected into the marine shrimp Exopalamon carincauda Holthuis for three times and WSSV challenge was performed twice simultaneously at the last two injections of the bacteria. The results showed that DhpVB displayed statistically significant advantage over bacteria without VP28 after the second challenge with an average RI (Resistance index) of 0.67 ± 0.08, compared with 0.41 ± 0.09 of bacteria without VP28 (P <0.05). The data suggested that a quasi-immune response may exist in E. carincauda and live bacteria carrying VP28 could enhance the shrimp resistance against WSSV.  相似文献   

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