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四川黄龙钙华藻类及其生物岩溶作用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从探索黄龙钙华的生物成因角度出发,对黄龙钙华藻类进行了采集、鉴定和分析,并对钙华藻类的生物岩溶作用做了初步探讨。研究得出黄龙钙华藻类分属于4门19属86种,优势种属为Tolypothrix属、Gloeocapsa属和Cymbella属。黄龙景区不同环境区域的优势藻类有所不同,藻类参与的碳酸盐沉积在不同岩溶景观中所起作用也有所差异。其中蓝藻参与的碳酸盐沉积主要表现于黄龙钙华坝景观的形成过程中,由硅藻参与碳酸盐沉积主要表现于斜坡滩华景观的形成过程中。藻类既能在钙华形成过程中发挥作用,藻类的生长也能侵蚀破坏钙华景观,在长期缺乏岩溶水补给的条件下,藻类对钙华景观的破坏性尤为突出。 相似文献
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结合水化学的野外观测及室内计算,作者对桂林岩溶试验场、四川黄龙风景区和贵州乌江渡坝区3个岩溶动力系统的碳稳定同位素特征进行了分析,进而对系统的性质、系统中CO_2的来源、碳酸盐沉积过程中的碳同位素动力分馏、水化学和钙华的成因及热水钙华的~(14)C测年等地球化学问题作了探讨。结果表明,桂林岩溶试验场属于表层岩溶作用动力系统,其中的侵蚀动力主要来源于大气降水溶解土壤中的CO_2;四川黄龙风景区属于深部岩溶动力系统,侵蚀动力来自大气降水溶解幔源的CO_2;贵州乌江渡坝区岩溶系统,虽然属于表层岩溶动力系统,但其中一部分的同位素和水化学特征已受到人类活动的重大影响。 相似文献
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四川黄龙自然遗产点以钙华景观闻名海内外,其钙华体多孔性地质结构,使钙华地质体具备"海绵"特性。本文通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)和探地雷达、电磁法等地质探测技术对钙华地质体的多孔性质和水循环特性进行研究,并结合多年现场踏勘经验探讨了钙华地质体的多孔性质对水循环的调节意义。分析结果显示,黄龙钙华体经过地质作用形成了不同尺度的孔隙结构,其中生物参与形成的微观孔道具备"渗透、净化"功能;侵蚀作用产生的可视孔洞、缝隙快速透水,并进一步发育成塌陷区和钙华漏斗。彩池、溶洞和裂缝为水体储蓄和运移提供很好通道和场所,地质探测分析表明典型钙华段地下腔体具备"蓄水、排水"功能。各尺度孔隙互相影响,共同调节黄龙景区内的地表-地下水循环系统。初步研究发现,藻类在黄龙钙华沉积过程中具有加速和减少孔隙形成的双向调控作用,未来将结合藻类在钙华构筑过程的作用,继续深化黄龙钙华地质体的孔隙结构性质研究,为钙华景观的维护和保育提供参考。 相似文献
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关于四川黄龙钙华CO2成因的讨论 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从气体成分、泉口出露地质特征、CO2动态变化规律等,对黄龙钙华的热成因论进行了讨论,认为黄龙地区不具备喷出幔源气体的地质结构。黄龙钙华是地壳表层地质作用高寒岩溶形成的产物,即冷成因。 相似文献
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四川康定县玉农希钙华景观及其水循环系统 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
地处康定县贡嘎山西侧的玉农希钙华景观是继九寨沟、黄龙钙华景观发现之后又一具有世界遗产潜质的高寒岩溶风景地。本次调查工作是四川省国土资源厅安排的四川省重点地质遗迹保护可行性规划的第二批项目。项目首次对玉农希钙华景观进行了较系统的调查研究, 从地质遗迹景观及形成景观的水循环的角度查明了钙华景观的特征, 剖析其景观形成的水循环系统, 进而作了区域性对比分析, 初步探索其形成机理与演化规律。玉农希钙华具有极高的科学价值、美学价值和观赏价值, 可与九寨、黄龙媲美, 必须采取科学、合理的措施对其加以保护。 相似文献
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四川九寨沟、黄龙钙华景观保护研究 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
九寨沟、黄龙钙华景观保护建设，迫在眉睫。本文在评述九寨沟、黄龙钙华景观特征的基础上，通过对其变化的制约因素的研究，表明两者均存在两个动态平衡体系，即与生态地质作用之间的动态平衡和与人类活动间的动态平衡体系；并从两个动态平衡体系来探讨保护对策。 相似文献
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黄龙钙华景观演化特征及保护措施探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
黄龙景区因其拥有千姿百态、色彩斑斓的钙华景观而享誉世界,本文从钙华景观的演化特征及演化周期研究出发,认为景观区内钙华的退化仅仅是局部的和反复的,而景观的演化具有明显的周期性,其演化的周期约为300 a.同时,通过分析得出水循环系统、水流改道及流态和景观水的漏失等是影响黄龙钙华景观演化的主要因素,并提出了有针对性的保护措施建议. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献