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1.
中国大陆科学钻探主孔自然放射性测井及其解释   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
为了认识江苏东海超高压变质带上地壳岩石自然放射性的垂向分布特征, 榴辉岩退变质程度对放射性元素浓度的影响, 以及放射性产热率对地温梯度的影响, 利用中国大陆科学钻探(CCSD) 主孔100~5000m自然放射性测井(自然伽马和自然伽马能谱) 资料统计了CCSD主孔各类岩石的自然放射性强度和铀、钍、钾元素的浓度, 计算出产热率曲线.自然伽马, 铀、钍、钾浓度和产热率从蛇纹岩到榴辉岩、角闪岩、副片麻岩、正片麻岩依次增大.随着榴辉岩退变质程度的增强, 其铀、钍、钾元素的浓度值逐渐增大.CCSD主孔自然放射性的垂向分布特征主要受岩性控制, 自然放射性随深度增加有增强趋势.产热率与自然伽马测井值之间有很好的线性关系, 在高放射性岩层的上部, 地温梯度会出现较强扰动和低值异常.   相似文献   

2.
刘福来  许志琴等 《地质学报》2001,75(1):70-81,T003,T004
中国大陆科学钻探工程预先导孔(CCSD-PP1)中岩心的岩性十分复杂,主要由片麻岩-花岗质片麻岩、超基性基、榴辉岩及少量多硅白云母石英片岩、斜长角闪岩及角闪云母片岩组成。其中片麻岩-花岗质片麻岩是最重要的岩石类型。根据片麻岩的岩相学及地球化学特征,确定片麻岩类岩石的地为一套具有较高成熟度的碎屑沉积岩-低成熟度的酸性火山岩、碎屑沉积岩建造,并与在其内部呈夹层形式存在的榴辉岩一起经历了超高压变质作用。花岗质片麻岩可分为三种类型:绿帘黄铁二长花岗质片麻岩、绿帘黑云二长花岗质片麻岩和绿帘二云二长混合片麻岩。绿帘黄铁二长花岗质片麻岩SiO2含量最高,为76.2%-78.86%,具有强烈的负Eu、Ba异常,Eu/Eu^*=0.125,Ba/Ba^*=0.096-0.396,其稀土和微量元素的配分模式与具有极高成熟度碎屑沉积岩部分熔融而成的花岗岩性质十分相似。该类花岗质片麻岩可能在苏鲁超高压变质带形成之前,由具有极高成熟度的碎屑沉积岩部分熔融而成的岩浆,侵入到片麻岩类的表壳岩中,并经历了超高压变质作用。绿帘黑云二长花岗质片麻岩、混合片麻岩的SiO2含量明显偏低,且稀土、微量元素配分模式明显不同于绿帘黄铁二长花岗质片麻岩,该类岩石可能由片磨岩类岩石在超高压变质作用峰期阶段和近等温减压等一阶段深熔作用而成。该项研究对于深入探讨苏鲁超高压变质带变质作用-岩浆作用相互间的成因关系及其动力学过程有着重要的意义。  相似文献   

3.
徐惠芬  J.G.Liou 《地质学报》2001,75(3):371-378,T003,T004
苏鲁高压-超高压变质带中,广泛分布有花岗片麻岩-花岗岩系列,有关其形成的时代和成因机制长期存在争议。岩石露头表现为强烈的片麻理,并且多数和榴辉岩及榴辉岩相岩石密切伴生。其岩石类型有变化,从斜长片麻岩-花岗闪长质片麻岩-二长花岗片麻岩演化到花岗岩。矿物和地球化学变化也较大。从残留的高压和超高压矿物及其退变质反应等。说明它们中有部分曾经历了高压-超高压变质作用。该变质部连云港地区4个二长花岗片麻岩-花岗岩岩体中精的单颗粒锆石,运用Pb-Pb法(质谱计双带源逐层发-沉积法)和U-Pb法(离子探针SHRIMP分析),获得的年龄值跨度大,从859Ma到150Ma,分别属于4个年龄段(时段),但是主要数据集中在600-859Ma和220-250Ma两个时段,锆石的形貌特征研究显示,这些花岗片麻岩-花岗岩是苏鲁高压变质带中长期演化的产物。其物质来源与古元古代,乃至太古变质表壳岩密切相关。元古代大量岩浆结晶型锆石指示了当时存在强烈的花岗岩浆活动,导致大量花岗岩类岩石的形成。古生代(加里东期)和中生代早期(印支期)分别经历了变质作用,尤其是印支期,至少一部分和榴辉岩源岩一起经历了高压-超高压变质作用,并且伴随有地壳部分熔融,引起又一次花岗岩浆活动,再生花岗岩,该区南部东海地区尤为明显,中生代晚期燕山期的岩浆,热液活动对花岗片麻岩也有影响,其中新元古代和印支期则是花岗片麻岩及至大别造山带中两个重要的地质构造时期。  相似文献   

4.
中国大陆科学钻探工程预先导孔(CCSD-PP1)中岩心的岩性十分复杂,主要由片麻岩-花岗质片麻岩、超基性岩、榴辉岩及少量多硅白云母石英片岩、斜长角闪岩及角闪云母片岩组成。其中片麻岩-花岗质片麻岩是最重要的岩石类型。根据片麻岩的岩相学及其地球化学特征,确定片麻岩类岩石的原岩为一套具有较高成熟度的碎屑沉积岩-低成熟度的酸性火山岩、碎屑沉积岩建造,并与在其内部里夹层形式存在的榴辉岩一起经历了超高压变质作用。花岗质片麻岩可分为三种类型:绿帘黄铁二长花岗质片麻岩、绿带黑云二长花岗质片麻岩和绿帘二云二长混合片麻岩。绿帘黄铁二长花岗质片麻岩SiO_2含量最高,为76.72%~78.86%,具有强烈的负Eu、Ba异常,Eu/Eu~*=0.125,Ba/Ba~*=0.095~0.396,其稀土和微量元素的配分模式与具有极高成熟度碎屑沉积岩部分熔融而成的花岗岩性质十分相似。该类花岗质片麻岩可能在苏鲁超高压变质带形成之前,由具有极高成熟度的碎屑沉积岩部分熔融而成的岩浆,侵入到片麻岩类的表壳岩中,并经历了超高压变质作用。绿帘黑云二长花岗质片麻岩、混合片麻岩的SiO_2含量明显偏低,且稀土、微量元素配分模式明显不同于绿帘黄铁二长花岗质片麻岩,该类岩石可能由片麻岩类岩石在超高压变质作用峰期阶段和近等温减压第一阶段深  相似文献   

5.
苏鲁仰口超高压岩石SHRIMP锆石U/Pb定年与部分熔融时限   总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1  
在大型碰撞造山带中,在陆壳物质深俯冲或快速折返早期,在超高压-高压条件下,易熔组分可能发生水致或脱水部分熔融,形成花岗质熔体。在超高压-高压条件下,苏鲁超高压岩石发生过部分熔融作用,形成长英质多晶体包裹体和不同尺度的花岗质岩石, 导致可观的地球化学效应。为确定苏鲁超高压岩石部分熔融的时限,对山东仰口超高压副片麻岩和其中平行片麻理的同构造钾质花岗岩脉进行了SHRIMP锆石U/Pb地质年代学、全岩地球化学和锆石内矿物包裹体的研究。副片麻岩的锆石具有典型的核-幔-边结构。核部锆石为碎屑锆石,206Pb/238U年龄大于282Ma,可能反映了副片麻岩的原岩包含不同成因的物质;幔部和边部的Th/U比都小于0.1,分别给出233±3Ma和214±4Ma的206Pb/238U 年龄,分别对应于超高压变质和角闪岩相退变质年龄。同构造花岗岩脉是富钾过铝质花岗岩(A/CNK=1.2),锆石也具有核-幔-边结构;核部锆石年龄与副片麻岩的核部锆石年龄相当,反映了该花岗岩脉的源区可能是变沉积岩;除幔部锆石的一个点具有206Pb/238U年龄为234.6±3.9Ma之外,其它幔部锆石位于谐和线附近,给出206Pb/238U年龄为220.8±2.9Ma, 该年龄代表着该花岗岩脉的形成年龄。上述数据表明,在仰口地区,超高压岩石的部分熔融作用早于角闪岩相退变质作用。  相似文献   

6.
俯冲的大陆岛弧--柴北缘片麻岩的地球化学和同位素证据   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
柴北缘早古生代高压—超高压变质带的片麻岩分为花岗质片麻岩和副片麻岩 ,花岗质片麻岩的原岩形成于新元古代 (90 0~ 10 0 0 Ma) ,岩石类型为英云闪长岩 -奥长花岗岩 -石英二长岩 -花岗岩 ,非活动性元素的特征类似于岛弧环境形成的花岗岩。副片麻岩的原岩可能为富铝的沉积岩 ,其稀土元素特征类似于 PAAS(后太古宙澳大利亚的平均页岩 )的稀土元素分布 ,非活动性元素的特征与大陆岛弧沉积岩的特征类似。根据花岗质片麻岩与副片麻岩的共生关系结合其地球化学特征推测它们的原岩形成于岛弧环境。鱼卡河花岗质片麻岩的εNd(t) =3.2 (t=1.0 Ga) ,TDM=1.3Ga,表明岩浆源区有大量起源于亏损地幔的初始地壳物质。而落凤坡、锡铁山、沙柳河的花岗质片麻岩与副片麻岩的 Sm - Nd同位素组成类似 ,εNd(t) =- 3.4~ - 7.3(t=1.0 Ga) ,TDM=1.8~ 2 .2 Ga,表明岩浆源区为先存的大陆地壳 ,两类片麻岩地球化学特征的相似性说明岩浆源区的成分类似于变质沉积岩的组成。这项研究说明柴北缘早古生代的深俯冲卷入了大量的大陆岛弧岩石。  相似文献   

7.
采用SHRIMP方法获得绿梁山花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为430±8Ma(12个测点平均),所有测点的Th/U比值均大于0.1,该年龄代表花岗岩的形成年龄.同时获得部分具有核-幔结构的继承锆石,其核部年龄为475~460Ma,Th/U比值为0.01~0.02,为典型的变质锆石,与围岩片麻岩中的锆石类似,反映了花岗岩与片麻岩之间的成因联系.绿梁山花岗岩属于钙碱性系列,SiO2含量为65.63%~74.78%,变化较大,属于过铝质岩石,推测其源岩以沉积岩为主.围岩片麻岩以变质沉积岩为主,可能为花岗岩的主要源岩.花岗岩的(87Sr/86Sr)t为0.71075(t=430Ma),εNd(430Ma)为-5.5~4.6,与围岩片麻岩的Sr-Nd同位素组成存在较大差别,可能反映了花岗岩形成于高温缺水的环境或者成岩时有地幔物质/年轻地壳物质的加入.花岗岩形成时代与片麻岩变质时代的一致性(430Ma),反映了它们为同一区域构造热事件的产物,是俯冲陆壳发生热松弛的记录.  相似文献   

8.
北苏鲁超高压变质带前寒武纪基底研究新进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
北苏鲁超高压变质带位于胶东牟平-即墨断裂以东的地区,其前寒武纪基底以出露新元古代的双峰式火成岩为主要特征,其主要岩石组合包括大量花岗片麻岩以及少量变(超)基性岩(榴辉岩)、变沉积岩。对花岗片麻岩、变质(超)基性岩的岩石组合、地球化学、锆石U-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素的研究表明,北苏鲁存在新太古代-古元古代的残留地壳,经历了1.8~2.2 Ga期间的岩浆-火山-变质事件;新元古代中期(0.72~0.80 Ga)与Rodinia超大陆的裂解相关的岩浆活动促使地壳的生长和再造,形成了北苏鲁的前寒武纪基底的主体;北苏鲁和苏鲁-大别造山带一样,其前寒武纪基底是扬子板块北缘的一部分,苏鲁造山带的西北边界是五莲-烟台断裂带。  相似文献   

9.
学术界对集宁-凉城地区的古元古代重熔型花岗岩成因一直持有不同的解释,本文对集宁土贵乌拉-隆盛庄一带两类重熔花岗岩进行了同位素年代学及地球化学研究.锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学结果显示,斑状石榴紫苏二长花岗质片麻岩具有1 954 Ma的侵位年龄及1 827 Ma的变质年龄,变质淡色石榴二长花岗岩具有1 956 Ma的侵位年龄.岩石地球化学特征显示斑状石榴紫苏二长花岗质片麻岩低硅、高镁铁,具有Eu负异常及Sr的相对亏损;变质淡色石榴二长花岗岩富硅、贫铁镁,强烈亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,富集K和Rb、Ba等亲石元素.二者形成时代相同,可能源自幔源岩浆底侵造成的重熔,斑状石榴紫苏二长花岗质片麻岩源岩为孔兹岩系沉积岩,混合了一定比例的幔源物质组分并经过分离结晶过程;变质淡色石榴二长花岗岩源岩主要为孔兹岩系沉积岩,较少受到幔源组分的影响.   相似文献   

10.
苏鲁超高压变质带广泛发育新元古代花岗片麻岩,这些新元古代花岗片麻岩通常被认为与扬子克拉通具有亲缘性。本文基于新的调查资料,综合前人研究成果,提出新元古代花岗岩是华北克拉通新元古代时期大陆裂解产物、并在三叠纪华南与华北碰撞造山期间作为华北板块大陆边缘南向深俯冲的新认识。主要依据如下:① 新元古代花岗岩与华北克拉通胶北地块为侵入接触关系,五莲- 即墨- 牟平断裂带并非北苏鲁超高压变质带与胶北地块的初始接触界线;② 新元古代花岗片麻岩中有大量胶北地块的古老地壳物质,记录了~1. 85 Ga的华北克拉通化变质事件;③ 胶北地块上晚侏罗世花岗岩中存在大量新元古代继承锆石,但缺少三叠纪的弧岩浆记录;④ 胶北地块东南缘存在三叠纪角闪岩相变质作用证据,指示胶北地块三叠纪的俯冲作用;⑤ 区域地球物理信息指示北苏鲁超高压变质带深部地壳属于华北克拉通和北东东向构造线方向。新的认识将有助于对华北克拉通新元古代构造演化和大别- 苏鲁造山带形成过程的重新认识,为胶东中生代金成矿作用提供新视野。  相似文献   

11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。  相似文献   

12.
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.  相似文献   

13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论   总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13  
据1:5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料,就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因,其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应,以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上,讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。  相似文献   

14.
塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。  相似文献   

15.
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.  相似文献   

16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。   相似文献   

17.
The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy (SSS) proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy (ICS). The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob's Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.  相似文献   

18.
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.  相似文献   

19.
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.  相似文献   

20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the  相似文献   

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