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<中华人民共和国海域使用管理法>的四项制度,既海域使用的功能控制制度、海域有偿使用制度、海域使用权属管理制度、海域审批制度,都是以海洋功能区划为科学基础和依据的.由于海洋开发明显滞后于土地的开发与管理,希望借鉴土地管理的理论和方法经验,加强海洋功能区划的研究和实施.同时建议加强海洋意识的宣传、珍惜海洋资源、健全海域登记制度. 相似文献
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简论海域使用权的界定、确立与管理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前,在海域资源的开发利用上,普遍存在盲目开发、掠夺性经营等过度用海的现象。建立和完善国家海域使用管理制度,使海域使用管理逐步走上规范化、制度化、合理化和市场化的轨道,是引导合理开发海洋,加强海洋综合管理的一项重要的基础性措施。一、海域使用权的界定海... 相似文献
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河北省是一个开发前景广阔的海洋大省。近年来随着海洋开发强度的不断增大,尤其是填海造地的大规模增长,河北省海洋可持续发展面临前所未有的挑战。河北省海洋开发存在海域使用类型比例不协调、资源利用效率和效益偏低以及海洋生态环境严重恶化等问题。为促进河北省海洋经济的可持续发展,加强海域使用管理,优化海域利用结构与布局,提升海洋科技创新和技术进步的支撑力以及加强海洋生态修复值得重视。 相似文献
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为全面回顾和总结海域使用论证和海洋环境影响评价工作,不断推进海域论证和海洋环评工作的健康开展,首届全国海域论证海洋环评技术论坛在北京召开.论坛通过总结经验,研究问题,集思广益,探讨对策,对进一步加强和改进海域使用论证工作,具有重要的意义.以下针对海域论证工作谈几点意见,与大家共同探讨. 相似文献
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二、海域使用管理的手段 1993年5月31日,我国财政部和国家海洋局根据国务院关于建立海域使用管理制度的批复,联合颁布了《国家海域使用暂行规定》,明确指出我国的管辖海域属于国家所有,并建立海域使用登记、许可证制度和有偿使用制度。 (一)海域使用登记、许可证制度 海域使用许可证制度是指海域用户根据使用海域面积的大小向地方或国家海洋行政主管 相似文献
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海洋功能区划是实施海域使用和海洋环境保护管理的重要依据,是实现海域合理开发和可持续利用的重要手段。海岛作为连接陆域和海域的海上基地,其资源丰富,逐渐成为发展海洋经济的第二支点,是海洋功能区划中不可或缺的部分。了解海岛土地利用与覆盖变化是对海岛海洋功能区划执行情况进行评估的基础。遥感具有高分辨率、对同一地区进行快速、重复监测的特点,被广泛用于大范围的土地利用与覆盖变化监测。文章利用国产CBERS-02BCCD遥感影像,对粤西6个主要海岛的功能区划执行情况进行了监测,结果表明：粤西6个主要海岛的实际开发利用类型与区划类型间存在一些不符合区域,这些不符合区域中大部分没有丧失原有属性,即从实际类型可以开发利用为区划类型,但也有部分区域丧失了原有属性,很难再利用为区划类型。 相似文献
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《中华人民共和国海域使用管理法》(以下简称《海域法》)于2001年10月27日由全国人大常委会通过,自2002年1月1日起施行。《海域法》的制定是我国在海域使用管理方面的一项重大举措,是我国海洋法制建设的历史性突破,也是我国确立海域使用管理制度的明确标志。《海域法》的颁布实 相似文献
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《Coastal Engineering》1999,36(3):263-269
Using the logarithmic wind profile and typical values of dimensionless sea roughness for different sea states, simple power expressions are derived for the wind profile over water. The power expressions are useful for correcting measured wind speed data at a given elevation (up to an elevation of 60 m) to the standard elevation of 10 m commonly used in coastal engineering studies. The analysis shows that the 1/7 power expression (suggested in [U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1984. Shore Protection Manual, Vol. 1. Coastal Engineering Research Center, Vicksburg, USA.] and commonly used today) is a good approximation (<3% error) of the logarithmic profile for various sea states up to an elevation of 20 m. Above this elevation, the 1/7 power expression underestimates the wind speed for moderate to fully developed sea states. 相似文献
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<正>我国是海洋大国,海岛众多。海岛是壮大海洋经济、拓展发展空间的重要依托,是保护海洋环境、维护生态平衡的重要平台,是捍卫国家权益、保障国防安全的战略前沿。2009年12月26 相似文献
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The New Zealand Waters Pollution Regulations 1963, referring to recreational water to which the public can gain access, states that the “coliform bacteria content shall not consistently exceed 1,000/100 ml”. This standard is now under revision, and the suggested new standard is a median faecal coliform index of 200/100 ml with a maximum value not exceeding 400/100 ml. Recent literature supports the use of faecal coliform sub‐group bacteria as the best indicator of faecal pollution and reference is made to the membership of this sub‐group. Inherent inaccuracies of the Most Probable Number (MPN) method of assessing bacterial populations are pointed out, such as experimental variations with different cultural media, and possible errors in interpretation of results. In North America, there is evidence that an MPN for the total coliform group of 1000/100 ml indicates a faecal coliform sub‐group MPN of 200/100 ml, and epidemiological experience supports these values as standards. We tabulate and discuss evidence that the usual ratio of faecal coliforms : coliform group bacteria is typically 1 : 1 in fresh and marine waters of the Wellington region, and that a more attainable standard would be 500 faecal coliforms/100 ml. In ratios quoted in this paper, ‘coliform group’ means the remainder of the coliform group excluding faecal coliforms. The World Health Organisation (1963) definition, of the entire group of coliforms, is not intended. The ratio is different in other parts of New Zealand; in Auckland, for example, the ratio is close to that found in the United States. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2015
This paper systematically reviews and synthesizes peer-reviewed, English-language scientific publications (n=212) to identify relevant research about how Ecosystem-Based Adaptation (EBA) is integrated with coastal planning. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology is applied in this study. Attention was given to studies concerning human-environment interactions as opposed to physical or biological climate change issues alone because the coastal planning and EBA approach addresses the management of human actions in nature. The literature references include the issue of climate change (77%); however, limited evidence of EBA in coastal areas are reported (18%), and it is evident that the issues have become relevant in the scientific literature published in recent years. Broad texts demonstrate that SLR is one of the major long-term impacts (68%), and all of these papers recognize the most affected ecosystems in the tropics would be mangroves. EBA is an emerging option that can offset anticipated ecosystem losses and improve coastal planning to cope with SLR because it provides benefits beyond climate change stressors. There is a need to synthesize a road map for incorporation of mangrove regulations into local planning instruments and for building capacity for their implementation. Application of PRISMA in marine science will enhance future reviews, facilitate the systematic search and adequately document any theme, and also be useful in determining research gaps or information needs. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2014
This paper summarises research and options for sustainable sea transport in Oceania with a focus on domestic shipping. This debate is situated initially within the context of the current Pacific domestic shipping scenario, a region of minute economies connected by some of the longest sea transport routes in the world. All current options are fossil fuel powered and increasingly uneconomic and unsustainable. Many routes are marginal or unviable and a vicious cycle of old ships replaced with old ships prevails. Although a central and essential issue of many Pacific communities, the option of pursuing sustainable sea transport is currently invisible within the policy space at all levels. Various renewable energy options are possible and increasingly available. Recent research finds that these have strong potential for providing benefits across multiple wellbeings. The barriers to pursing this agenda are complex and poorly understood but are perceptual and institutional more than technological. A small number of critical experiments during the last oil crisis provide critical lessons and direction. 相似文献
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采用交叉学科分析的方法尝试对生态学与法学进行分析,探讨海洋渔业资源恢复法律制度的生态学基础.认为,在海洋渔业资源恢复法律制度设计中遵循生态规律、选择过程导向的恢复模式能提高制度的科学性,有利于制度的操作和实施.进一步分析了许可证管理对海洋渔业资源的公平分配,技术法律规范对渔业资源恢复过程进行的生态控制,争端解决机制对海... 相似文献
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渔港避风锚地面积计算的随机模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
计算避风锚地的面积是渔港规划设计的重要内容之一.<渔港总体设计规范>(SC/T 9010-2000)推荐采用确定性方法计算避风锚地面积.由于没有规定输入参数代表值的确定方法,实际应用时参数取值带有很大的随意性和经验性,从而导致计算结果的不确定性.引入Monte Carle方法建立了渔港避风锚地面积计算的随机模拟模型,采用不同的概率分布刻划各相关参数,从而获得避风锚地面积的概率分布.实例计算表明,无论采用何种概率分布假定,得到的避风锚地面积均近似地服从正态分布,且不同概率分布假定对95%保证率的避风锚地面积值影响不大;当船长、船宽均取各分组船型的最大值,水深取相应区域水深的平均值,每组渔船之间安全距离及每组渔船数量取规范给定的平均值时,规范方法计算的避风锚地面积保证率在95%左右,从而为规范方法输入参数的确定提供了依据. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
Marine conservation actions are promoted to conserve natural values and support human wellbeing. Yet the quality of governance processes and the social consequences of some marine conservation initiatives have been the subject of critique and even human rights complaints. These types of governance and social issues may jeopardize the legitimacy of, support for and long-term effectiveness of marine conservation. Thus, we argue that a clearly articulated and comprehensive set of social standards - a code of conduct - is needed to guide marine conservation. In this paper, we draw on the results of an expert meeting and scoping review to present key principles that might be taken into account in a code of conduct, to propose a draft set of foundational elements for inclusion in a code of conduct, to discuss the benefits and challenges of such a document, and to propose next steps to develop and facilitate the uptake of a broadly applicable code of conduct within the marine conservation community. The objectives of developing such a code of conduct are to promote fair conservation governance and decision-making, socially just conservation actions and outcomes, and accountable conservation practitioners and organizations. The uptake and implementation of a code of conduct would enable marine conservation to be both socially acceptable and ecologically effective, thereby contributing to a truly sustainable ocean. 相似文献
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《中国海洋工程》2019,(2)
正Aims and Scope Being an international journal, China Ocean Engineering(COE) takes its prime function as the integration of new research concepts, equipment,technology, materials and structures and other scientific advances within the field of estuarial,coastal,offshore, and deepwater engineering with particular reference to developments. The Journal is concerned with all engineering aspects involved in the exploration and utilization of ocean resources. Topics regularly covered include research, design and construction of structures (including wharfs, dikes, breakwaters,platforms, mooring systems, etc.), instrumentation/testing (physical model and numerical model), wave dynamics, sedimentation,structural/stress analysis, soil mechanics, and material research. 相似文献