共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 640 毫秒
1.
A central difference method with low numerical dispersion for solving the scalar wave equation 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
In this paper, we propose a nearly‐analytic central difference method, which is an improved version of the central difference method. The new method is fourth‐order accurate with respect to both space and time but uses only three grid points in spatial directions. The stability criteria and numerical dispersion for the new scheme are analysed in detail. We also apply the nearly‐analytic central difference method to 1D and 2D cases to compute synthetic seismograms. For comparison, the fourth‐order Lax‐Wendroff correction scheme and the fourth‐order staggered‐grid finite‐difference method are used to model acoustic wavefields. Numerical results indicate that the nearly‐analytic central difference method can be used to solve large‐scale problems because it effectively suppresses numerical dispersion caused by discretizing the scalar wave equation when too coarse grids are used. Meanwhile, numerical results show that the minimum sampling rate of the nearly‐analytic central difference method is about 2.5 points per minimal wavelength for eliminating numerical dispersion, resulting that the nearly‐analytic central difference method can save greatly both computational costs and storage space as contrasted to other high‐order finite‐difference methods such as the fourth‐order Lax‐Wendroff correction scheme and the fourth‐order staggered‐grid finite‐difference method. 相似文献
2.
虽然一些时频分析方法已经被用于频散曲线提取中,但是它们自身时频窗的缺陷使的所得频散曲线信息缺失或错误.本文首次尝试利用广义S变换分析瑞利波的频散特性.以半空间模型为例确定方法的可行性,频散曲线变化准确反映地层变化情况.不同炮检距设置对频散曲线有一定影响,采用大于勘测深度,小于4倍勘测深度可以得到较稳定的结果.最后,为了得到更加光滑稳定的频散曲线,提出了一种基于多道瑞利波的改进方法.用此方法对四种典型地层模型下的多道瑞利波数据进行分析,得到频散曲线光滑稳定,且比理论频散曲线和基于单道法获得频散曲线更能准确反映地层变化情况.这就为瑞利波勘探中的反演解释提供了更可靠依据. 相似文献
3.
本文用长周期763地震仪面波群速度资料反演了中国南北带及邻区的三维速度结构.其中采集238条瑞利波和358条勒夫波混合频散曲线,使用均等显示滤波方法,并以4°×4°为一格将我国境内分为147格.用随机逆反演方法得到了研究区16格的纯路径频散.面波速度结构及演结果表明:1.莫霍界面深度一般在40-50km之间,最深达65km.总趋势是从东到西加深,且在南北带西侧南北两端向中部明显加深,东侧变化小.2.地幔顶部普遍出现很厚的低速层,上界面一般埋深60-80km.上地幔顶盖厚度一般为20-60km,速度为4.30-4.50km/s.3.研究区普遍存在各向异性,而且勒夫波和瑞利波速度的差值(VSV-VSH)的绝对值随深度有增大的特点,在南北带南部和西北部VSV-VSH各向异性现象更为明显. 相似文献
4.
研究了中、新生界沉积层所覆盖的我国西北各沉积盆地：准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地、柴达木盆地，以及一系列中小型盆地和其邻近地域的深部岩石层三维速度结构，探讨其和造山带与油气田的关系．使用了适配滤波频时分析方法，分析了我国数字台网的中长周期瑞利面波资料，计算得到２５７条混合路径的面波群速度频散．利用改进的分格随机反演理论与方法，从混合路径中提取了１００条频散突出路径的４°×４°网格单元的纯路径频散，并反演研究区的三维Ｓ波速度结构．频散的周期从１．９５ｓ到１５１．７ｓ，浅部分辨率可达１ｋｍ，得出了该区深达２００ｋｍ范围内三维瑞利波群速度的分布与特征．所得结果表明：塔里木盆地、哈密－吐鲁番盆地、伊宁盆地以及藏北地区的羌塘盆地具有较好的油气前景．我国西北邻国接壤地带，也均为良好的油气盆地潜在地带． 相似文献
5.
In this paper, we present an improvement to our previously published nearly analytic discrete method (NADM) to solve acoustic
and elastic wave equations. We compare the numerical errors of the improved NADM with the original NADM and also the fourth-order
Lax–Wendroff correction and present examples of three-component wave fields in 2D transversely isotropic media with strong
velocity contrasts. Comparing with the original NADM, we find that the improved method requires significantly less storage
space and can increase the time accuracy from second order of the original NADM to fourth order, while the space accuracy
remains the same as that of the original one. Theoretical analyses and numerical results suggest that our improved NADM is
suitable for large-scale numerical modelling as it can effectively suppress numerical dispersion and source-generated noises
caused by discretising wave equations when too-coarse grids are used. 相似文献
6.
Field vibration mitigation by honeycomb WIB for pile foundations of a high-speed train viaduct 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Environmental vibrations from recent high-speed trains are becoming a special concern in the civil and environmental engineering field since they can give detrimental effects to residents, sensitive equipments and high-tech production facilities in the vicinity of train tacks. Herein, aiming at the vibration mitigation for a specific high-tech industrial area, the low-frequency vibrations from a train viaduct are targeted over an anticipated range. A theoretically designed innovative countermeasure, called honeycomb wave impeding barrier (WIB) for a wave impeding barrier, is introduced and its effects are investigated by computer simulation. The present WIB is based on the wave dispersion phenomenon that can modulate the incoming wavelengths into the shorter wavelengths, creating an apparent wave cut-off characteristic in the wave field across WIB installation area. The shorter wavelengths are further impeded due to the impedance ratio of the WIB walls and in-fill materials and absorbed by the in-fills more. The three-dimensional FEM simulation demonstrates a dramatic reduction effect that is difficult to achieve by conventional measures. 相似文献
7.
The phenomenon of wave dispersion in dry sand is studied both by purely analytical studies and by analytical–numerical experiments on the basis of gradient elastic and viscoelastic material models. These material models are employed in order to simulate the microstructural characteristics of dry sand. The analytical studies treat the material body as a one-dimensional (for the viscoelastic case) and three-dimensional (for the gradient elastic case) and for both material models provide explicit expressions for the velocity of propagation of harmonic compressional (P) and shear (S) waves. These velocities are found to be functions of frequency, i.e., dispersive. The analytical–numerical studies treat the material as a one-dimensional one and try to simulate P and S wave propagation along the axial direction of cylindrical dry sand specimens. Thus, a sinusoidal pulse with a specific frequency is applied at one end of the specimen and the response is determined at some other point by solving a transient dynamic boundary value problem with the aid of a numerical Laplace transform. This analytical–numerical experiment is repeated for various frequencies. Thus, one determines the velocities of P and S waves as functions of frequency, thereby proving again that wave propagation in dry sand is dispersive. 相似文献
8.
本文使用适配滤波频时分析技术首次对中国数字地震台网的中长周期面波记录进行处理,获得穿过东南地区的82条勒夫波频散数据.使用随机反演理论,获得了东南沿海地区4°×4°网格的纯路径频散数据.这些频散的周期为1.95-68.27s,弥补了长周期面波所不能分辨的浅层结构.在网格反演的基础上,使用Harkrider的面波及演程序得出了中国东南地区的地壳和上地幔结构,浅部可分辨到1km,深部可达80km.在分辨率保证的前提下得出东南地区深至80km的三维剪切波速度结构. 相似文献
9.
传统的Kirchhoff传播算子结构简洁,适用于描述横向均匀介质中波的传播.Ray-Kirchhoff传播算子较为精确地描述了波在非均匀介质中传播的运动学特征,其理论上的先天不足依赖于介质的复杂性.本文通过Born序列逼近波在非均匀介质中传播的大角度波分量,提出一种Born-Kirchhoff传播算子,将传统Kirchhoff传播算子的适用范围扩展至非均匀介质,同时描述波的运动学和动力学特征,其精度取决于Born序列逼近的阶数.利用Born序列频散方程,可以精确分析各阶Born-Kirchhoff传播算子对波长、传播角和非均质性的尺度依赖特征,其中,一阶Born-Kirchhoff传播算子的精度高于传统的相屏传播算子.波数域的Born-Kirchhoff传播算子对于高波数波是奇异的,导致波数域数值计算发散,但其空间域版本是非奇异的,无条件数值稳定,可通过Kirchhoff求和数值实施.本文给出各阶Born-Kirchhoff传播算子及其频散方程,可用于不同程度非均匀介质中的波传播模拟,复杂构造地震成像和速度估计.本文利用零阶和一阶Born-Kirchhoff传播算子计算简单二维模型的合成地震图,并与边界元法进行了比较. 相似文献
10.
应用现代适配滤波频时分析技术对SRO/GDSN长周期面波记录进行处理,获得穿过太平洋盆地的117条波路径的勒夫波频散数据。我们用改进的分格频散反演方法,从混合路径频散数据中提取出对应于构成整个太平洋盆地的10°×10°分格的纯路径频散数据。所获得的18s到215s范围内的28个周期的太平洋勒夫波群速度的横向分布,揭示了速度随海底年龄的增大而逐渐增加的总趋势,以及其它变化细节。例如,对于同一等年龄线区而言,北太平洋及南太平洋的群速度要比中太平洋的低0.1-0.3km/s。在分格模型反演的基础上得出的深至300km的三维剪切波速度结构提供了太平洋盆地地壳及上地幔横向不均匀性的详尽的描述。 相似文献
11.
Ismael Himar Falcon-Suarez Kelvin Amalokwu Jordi Delgado-Martin Ben Callow Katleen Robert Laurence North Sourav K. Sahoo Angus I. Best 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(4):784-803
Synthetic rock samples can offer advantages over natural rock samples when used for laboratory rock physical properties studies, provided their success as natural analogues is well understood. The ability of synthetic rocks to mimic the natural stress dependency of elastic wave, electrical and fluid transport properties is of primary interest. Hence, we compare a consistent set of laboratory multi-physics measurements obtained on four quartz sandstone samples (porosity range 20–25%) comprising two synthetic and two natural (Berea and Corvio) samples, the latter used extensively as standards in rock physics research. We measured simultaneously ultrasonic (P- and S-wave) velocity and attenuation, electrical resistivity, permeability and axial and radial strains over a wide range of differential pressure (confining stress 15–50 MPa; pore pressure 5–10 MPa) on the four brine saturated samples. Despite some obvious physical discrepancies caused by the synthetic manufacturing process, such as silica cementation and anisotropy, the results show only small differences in stress dependency between the synthetic and natural sandstones for all measured parameters. Stress dependency analysis of the dry samples using an isotropic effective medium model of spheroidal pores and penny-shaped cracks, together with a granular cohesion model, provide evidence of crack closure mechanisms in the natural sandstones, seen to a much lesser extent in the synthetic sandstones. The smaller grain size, greater cement content, and cementation under oedometric conditions particularly affect the fluid transport properties of the synthetic sandstones, resulting in lower permeability and higher electrical resistivity for a similar porosity. The effective stress coefficients, determined for each parameter, are in agreement with data reported in the literature. Our results for the particular synthetic materials that were tested suggest that synthetic sandstones can serve as good proxies for natural sandstones for studies of elastic and mechanical properties, but should be used with care for transport properties studies. 相似文献
12.
本文定义了各向异性黏弹性参数修正因子,并将其引入到黏弹性模型中以体现泥质含量对黏弹性机制的影响,同时将波传播过程中孔隙介质骨架黏弹性力学机制与两种孔隙流体流动力学机制（Biot流动和喷射流动机制）有机地统一起来处理,从而给出了描述含泥质低孔渗孔隙各向异性介质中波传播规律的黏弹性Biot/squirt (BISQ)模型.数值计算结果表明,入射波的方位角、各向异性渗透率以及泥质含量等对含流体复杂孔隙介质中波频散和衰减的影响具有显著的方位各向异性特征,在低频范围内（地震波勘探频率）黏弹性力学机制对波传播能量的衰减起主导作用. 相似文献
13.
波动方程有限差分法正演模拟,对认识地震波传播规律、进行地震属性研究、地震资料地质解释、储层评价等,均具有重要的理论和实际意义.但有限差分法本身固有存在着数值频散问题,数值频散在正演模拟中是一种严重的干扰,会降低波场模拟的精度与分辨率.针对TI介质波场模拟的交错网格有限差分方法,本文从空间网格离散、时间网格离散和算子近似等三个方面对其产生的数值频散进行了分析,并结合其他学者的研究成果给出了TI介质波场模拟中压制数值频散的方法与策略：在已知介质频散关系时,对差分算子可实施算子校正;通过提高差分方程的阶数来提高波场模拟精度;采用流体力学中守恒式方程的通量校正传输方法来压制波场模拟中的数值频散;在实际正演模拟时,采用交错网格高阶有限差分方程,不仅在空间上采用高阶差分,而且在时间上也要采用高阶差分,否则只在单一方向上（空间或时间）提高方程的阶数对压制数值频散也不会取得理想的效果. 相似文献
14.
提出了求解波动方程的四阶龙格-库塔方法的一种改进算法.首先将原四阶龙格-库塔方法合并为两级格式, 然后在第一级中引入加权参数以获得加权算法. 针对这种改进方法,研究了它的稳定性条件; 对一维问题导出了频散关系, 给出了数值频散结果,并与四阶的 Lax-Wendroff (LWC) 方法和位移-应力交错网格方法进行了对比; 对二维问题, 使用我们的改进方法、四阶LWC和交错网格三种方法进行了声波波场模拟, 并进行了计算效率分析和不同方法计算结果的比较; 最后选取两个层状介质模型进行了声波和弹性波波场模拟. 数值结果表明,本文的改进方法具有非常弱的数值频散和高的计算效率, 是一种在地震勘探领域具有巨大应用潜力的数值方法. 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
18.
数值频散和边界反射是频率域模拟时需要解决的两个重要问题.然而,受计算效率和分解阻抗矩阵时的内存占用量的制约,提高有限差分算子长度或增加有限差分网格数目均不是提高频率域模拟精度的最优解决方案.本文首先分析了数值频散产生的理论机制,在此基础上,推导了一种“波数补偿”的声波方程表达式来压制数值频散,并给出其物理意义,有效地改善了数值频散问题,提高了模拟精度;在边界问题上,本文采用多轴卷积完全匹配层(MCPML)边界条件代替传统的完全匹配层(PML)边界条件,快速吸收边界内的残余能量,压制边界反射.结合改进声波方程和MCPML边界条件,给出了一种高精度的频率域声波方程有限差分格式.数值模拟结果表明,在不增加计算量和内存占用量的前提下,本文研究的方法、正演精度高、波场模拟清晰、无干扰反射,是一种可靠高效的频率域模拟方法. 相似文献
19.
20.
The effectiveness of chemical dispersants (Corexit 9500 and SPC 1000) on heavy fuel oil (IFO180 as test oil) has been evaluated under different wave conditions in a flow-through wave tank. The dispersant effectiveness was determined by measuring oil concentrations and droplet size distributions. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model indicated that wave type and temperature significantly (p < 0.05) affected the dynamic dispersant effectiveness (DDE). At higher temperatures (16 °C), the test IFO180 was effectively dispersed under breaking waves with a DDE of 90% and 50% for Corexit 9500 and SPC 1000, respectively. The dispersion was ineffective under breaking waves at lower temperature (10 °C), and under regular wave conditions at all temperatures (10-17 °C), with DDE < 15%. Effective chemical dispersion was associated with formation of smaller droplets (with volumetric mean diameters or VMD ? 200 μm), whereas ineffective dispersion produced large oil droplets (with VMD ? 400 μm). 相似文献