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基于全球和区域全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）参考站网进行对流层和电离层参数反演实现空间环境变化监测具有成本低、精度高、实时性好等优点,得到了广泛应用.本文基于南京信息工程大学的北斗/GNSS空间环境监测平台Xsensing,以国际GNSS服务组织提供的对流层产品为参考,评估了不同气象条件下对流层参数反演精度,在此基础上采用固定非差模糊度的精密单点定位技术（PPP）实现高精度电离层参数反演.实验结果表明,基于全球参考站的对流层估计误差偏差为0.05 mm,对应的标准差为5.6 mm,在平稳和剧烈的气象条件下均能反映水汽变化趋势特征.基于短基线进行电离层延迟反演精度评估,结果表明浮点解PPP反演电离层延迟误差的平均偏差为-0.09 TECU,精度为0.38 TECU,采用非差模糊度固定技术对电离层延迟提取精度提高达84.2％;静态模拟动态解算模式下电离层估计精度与静态相当.上述结果表明该平台可实现高精度空间环境参数反演,下一步将融合机载、船载等多种平台观测实现中小尺度空间变化监测. 相似文献
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该文对北京地区单双频地基GPS大气水汽监测网布网依据、单频与双频地基GPS测量数据解算技术应用、GAMIT和Bernese地基GPS数据分析处理软件应用、远程遥控GPS数据采集与通讯系统、资料分析与数值同化应用等方面的工作进展进行简要介绍,重点讨论了单双频地基GPS大气水汽资料的解算技术及其应用效果。结果表明:在北京天气敏感区通过单双频地基GPS接收机合理组网布局,可构建并利用高分辨率电离层延迟订正技术将单频接收机的大气水汽监测精度提高到实用水平,为强降水天气预报提供有价值的产品。 相似文献
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积雪作为主要的淡水资源,准确地监测积雪覆盖与雪深具有十分重要的意义。随着全球卫星导航系统的不断建设和新技术新应用的不断发展,地基GPS遥感积雪参数技术越来越受国内外学者的重视。本文基于阿勒泰市气象局的GPS地表环境监测站观测数据,采用GPS-MR技术开展了积雪深度反演研究。首先给出了GPS-MR技术用于积雪深度反演的基本原理,其次利用阿勒泰GPS监测站2017年1—3月的数据进行了积雪深度反演分析,最后针对不同GPS卫星高度角区间影响进行精度分析。研究结果表明地基GPS可用于阿勒泰气象站积雪深度反演,与实测雪深较差优于3 cm,且较优卫星高度角区间为5°～20°。地基GPS用于积雪深度反演具有全天候、高精度、高时间分辨率、高自动化、低成本等优点,可充分发挥现有地基GNSS气象监测站在积雪探测领域潜在的应用价值,以期地基GNSS监测站成为积雪遥感探测手段的有效补充。 相似文献
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回顾了全球定位系统(GPS)探测气象参数(GPS/MET)的技术进展.全球定位系统探测气象参数利用GPS信号穿过大气受到大气折射而产生的延迟来探测大气中的温度、气压、水汽含量或湿度及电离层的电子浓度.就地基GPS/MET来看,GPS对中性大气层水汽的探测研究,主要集中在大气可降水量反演、水汽层析及GPS资料在数值预报模式中的应用等领域; GPS对电离层探测,主要应用于电离层变化的分析和研究,监测和预报电离层的危害方面.天基GPS/MET技术利用了导航卫星GPS星座和LEO小卫星在地球地平线边缘的上下相对运动,获取大气参数的垂直分布.GPS气象小卫星在太空飞行,探测范围大、频率高.两颗天基低轨GPS气象小卫星系统的高空资料收集能力就超过了现行全球高空气象探测能力的总和.天基GPS/MET掩星探测技术的业务实现将是全球高空大气探测技术发展的一次飞跃.GPS/MET的探测精度高、全天候、时间分辩率高、观测稳定、无需校正.可以预期, 这种新型的探测手段将是未来大气探测系统中重要的组成部分,随着GPS探测站网的建设和业务化,它所提供的数据源,将会对气象、环境、水文和空间天气等学科领域的研究产生深刻的影响. 相似文献
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卫星高光谱大气CO2探测精度验证研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
卫星高光谱大气CO2遥感探测对全球气候变化研究意义重大,卫星CO2反演产品的地基观测验证是获得产品精度评价、发现算法可适用范围和局限性的重要环节,因此地基高光谱CO2的观测验证研究对提高卫星产品定量精度至关重要。本文综述了当前国际上大气CO2探测卫星的研制进展,短波红外大气CO2的反演方法进展,重点阐述了地基高光谱CO2探测技术进展及其对卫星大气CO2的定量探测精度验证方法和技术研究进展,并对该研究领域未来的发展提出展望。 相似文献
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风云三号气象卫星掩星大气产品精度的初步检验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
风云三号气象卫星C星于北京时间2013年9月23日成功发射,其上搭载了中国第一个以掩星方式探测中性大气和电离层大气的民用新型有效载荷——全球导航卫星掩星探测仪(Global Navigation Satellite System Occultation Sounder, GNOS)。GNOS可以接收GPS(Global Positioning System)导航卫星和中国北斗导航卫星信号,进而得到全球范围内的中性大气和电离层大气的探测结果。利用常规无线电探空资料,对GNOS接收GPS信号的掩星探测大气产品(包括折射率、密度、温度以及湿度廓线)进行检验,结果表明:在近地面至25 km垂直范围内,GNOS掩星大气产品折射率廓线和干大气密度廓线的平均偏差在0.5%左右,标准偏差在2%左右;温度廓线的平均偏差约为0.5 K,标准偏差约为2 K;水汽廓线的标准偏差在6 km 以下为0.25—1.0 g/kg。对于风云卫星首次尝试的掩星观测技术,GNOS掩星产品的精度基本达到预定目标,在未来还有改进的空间。 相似文献
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GPS在高空气象探测中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 GPS概述全球定位卫星系统简称GPS,由GPS卫星星座、地面站和用户接收机组成.共有21颗工作星和3颗备用星,卫星轨道倾角55度,卫星离地面约2万米.地面站包括主控站、监测站和注入站.用户接收机分大地测量型,导航型和授时型.无论是大地测量,还是导航或授时都涉及时间基准.GPS有精度很高的时基系统,这是GPS的核心.每个GPS卫星上都带有精度很高的原子钟,30万年误差不超过1秒.GPS采用了扩频通信技术,利用直接序列扩频可测无线电信号传播的时间延迟的特性,测量GPS卫星到用户接收机的伪距,建立GPS卫星到用户接收机的球面三角方程式.由于空中至少有四颗GPS卫 相似文献
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利用风云二号卫星业务遥测信号进行电离层闪烁监测,根据其信号特点研究开发了监测仪。该监测仪用于实时监测分析风云二号卫星信号因电离层不规则结构引起的幅度闪烁和相位闪烁。风云二号业务遥测信号是一个1.7 GHz的调相信号,其发射振幅稳定,负载的信号精确可知,在中国及周边地区可以被用来进行电离层闪烁监测研究。由于风云二号是静止卫星,其监测结果将不存在卫星运动所附带的变化,容易将时间和空间变化分离开,因而比GPS闪烁监测更具优越性。该仪器将基于目前遍布全国的风云卫星展宽云图接收设备,在使用风云卫星展宽云图接收机天线、高频及第一中频通道的情况下进行设计,因此有利于未来的在全国范围内进行推广和组网监测。另外,风云二号已经实现双星、组网观测,其提供的两个不同方向的同频信号源将大大提高监测仪的应用价值。该仪器与GPS双频闪烁监测配合,还将能获得电离层闪烁特性的谱特征。 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献