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皱纹盘鲍鳃细胞培养适宜条件的研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
近年来 ,我国皱纹盘鲍养殖业发展迅速 ,是北方沿海主要的养殖贝类之一。但各种病害亦随之而来 ,先是细菌病害居多 ,近几年又出现病毒性疾病［１］。发展鲍细胞培养技术 ,不仅对深入研究鲍病毒病带来了方便 ,而且也为鲍遗传学、细胞工程学等方面的研究提供了有利条件。本文对皱纹盘鲍鳃细胞培养的适宜条件进行了研究 ,以期建立鲍组织细胞的培养技术。１材料与方法１１材料动物 :皱纹盘鲍取自烟台芝罘岛隆海养殖场 ,２龄 ,壳长４．０～５．０ｃｍ ,壳宽２．５～３．５ｃｍ。培养基 :ＭＥＭ（ＧＩＢＣＯ） ,Ｍ１９９（ＧＩＢＣＯ） ,ＲＰＭＩ１… 相似文献
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通过分析比较了人工配合饲料及天然海藻饲养的九孔鲍 (Ｈａｌｉｏｔｉｓｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｃｏｌｏｒｓｕｐｅｒｔｅｘｔａ)肌肉的营养成分及氨基酸含量。同时 ,测定了贝壳中微量元素的含量。这将有助于了解喂养人工饲料和天然海藻饲料的九孔鲍营养生理代谢的特点。与此同时 ,对喂养海藻饲料所出现的贝壳裂嘴和中间破损的异常鲍 ,也作了微量元素分析 ,探讨生长异常的原因。１材料与方法１．１样品的采集１．１．１天然海藻组九孔鲍取自福建省漳浦县 ,大小壳长４ｃｍ左右。养成期约４个月 ,以摄食海带为主 ,养殖过程发现有少量鲍发生贝壳裂嘴或… 相似文献
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潮间带网箱养鲍技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报道了从１９９３年５月～１９９４年１０月开展潮间带网箱鲍的试验，在选好的岩礁区筑坝建池，防止落潮后网箱干露，利于鲍鱼度夏和越冬，利用网箱养鲍，便于管理，并可防止鲍鱼外逃及敌害生物侵入，苗种壳高２厘米以上，以提高其成活率；放养密度；壳高４厘米以前，每平方米２００～３００只，壳高４厘米以后，每平方米５０～１００只，可利于鲍鱼生长；饵料以海带，裙带菜为主，水温低于８℃时，很少投铒，水温８～１５℃，每 相似文献
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本文报道了以鲍鱼的上足分化幼虫和围口壳幼虫作试验对象，用土霉素、氯霉素、盐酸环丙沙星等抗菌药物作防治幼鲍病害的试验，结果表明：０．５￣５ｇ／ｍ＾３浓度的氯霉素浸浴４８ｈ，１￣１０ｇ／ｍ＾３浓度的土霉素浸浴４８ｈ，０．２５￣０．５ｇ／ｍ＾３浓度的盐酸环丙沙星浸浴２４ｈ都能有效地抑制或杀死细菌；而幼鲍及饵料硅藻的生长和发育均不受其影响；但这些物对原生动物、线虫和桡足类均无杀伤作用。 相似文献
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本文报道了以鲍鱼的上足分化幼虫和围口壳幼虫作试验对象，用土霉素、氯霉素、盐酸环丙沙星等抗菌药物作防治幼鲍病害的试验，结果表明：０．５～５ｇ／ｍ３浓度的氯霉素浸浴４８ｈ，１～１０ｇ／ｍ３浓度的土霉素浸浴４８ｈ，０．２５～０．５ｇ／ｍ３浓度的盐酸环丙沙星浸浴２４ｈ都能有效地抑制或杀死细菌；而幼鲍及饵料硅藻的生长和发育均不受其影响；但这些药物对原生动物、线虫和桡足类均无杀伤作用。 相似文献
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皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)精子的超微结构 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
皱纹盘鲍（Ｈａｌｉｏｔｉｓｄｉｓｃｕｓｈａｎｎａｉ）的精子属于“原始型”,由顶体（２．２μｍ×１．０μｍ）、细胞核（３．１μｍ×０．８３μｍ）、中段（０．７４μｍ×１．４μｍ）和鞭毛（５２μｍ×０．２２μｍ）组成。顶体弹头状,由两部分组成：（１）顶体的前端是一呈卵形的高电子密度的部分;（２）顶体的后端为一呈翼状的低电子密度的部分。细胞核呈长柱状。在顶体凹陷和细胞核凹陷之间为顶体下腔,内有微丝束结构。中段包括５或６个线粒体,一对中心粒及一些泡状结构。鞭毛为典型的“９＋２”结构。 相似文献
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为探讨皱纹盘鲍杂交鲍幼鲍在闽东内湾度夏的生长与存活,以山东荣成两家育苗场培育的皱纹盘鲍Haliotis discus hannai杂交鲍幼鲍(XXK、DY)、福建东山岛培育的盘鲍H.discus discus幼鲍(DS)为材料,分别运输至福建霞浦内湾长腰海区、山东荣成爱连湾进行度夏培育.各幼鲍组XXK、DY、DS均为1龄苗种,起始壳长分别为31.51 mm±2.66 mm、30.76 mm±3.30 mm、30.63 mm±2.57 mm,且无显著性差异(P<0.05).经过6个月的培育,在南方闽东内湾培育条件下,皱纹盘鲍杂交鲍幼鲍组壳长的日增长率达95.34 μm/d±29.14μm/73.81 μm/d±29.37 μm/d,存活率为50.06%±0.25%、49.88%±0.17%;盘鲍组壳长的日增长率则为65.81 μm/d±29.71μm/d,存活率为28.81%±4.87%.作为对照,在北方培育条件下,皱纹盘鲍杂交鲍幼鲍组壳长的日增长率达67.85μm/d±29.01μm/d、63.749 μm/d±22.99 μm/d,存活率为78.90%±2.24%、86.56%±2.98%;盘鲍组壳长的日增长率则为27.87μm/d±29.21μm/d,存活率为43.19%±1.85%.双因素方差分析结果表明养殖环境与幼鲍来源,以及两者的交互作用均显著影响幼鲍度夏的生长发育.本研究结果对皱纹盘鲍杂交幼鲍在南方闽东内湾的养成提供了一定的参考. 相似文献
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盘鲍三倍体及二倍体生长的比较 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在室内工厂化养殖条件下 ,于 1 997年 1 0月对正常盘鲍二倍体个体及用细胞松驰素 B诱导法获得的盘鲍三倍体群的生长情况进行了比较。结果表明 :(1 )在育苗期的 1 4月龄内 ,盘鲍的三倍体群与二倍体个体间在生长上无明显差异 ;(2 ) 1 4月龄后盘鲍的三倍体群与二倍体个体间在生长上出现分化。两周龄的盘鲍三倍体群在壳长和体重上分别比二倍体个体大 1 4.76 %和5 0 .1 9%;两周龄半的盘鲍三倍体群在壳长和体重上分别比二倍体个体大 2 0 .0 0 %和 41 .89%;(3 )如按 6 cm壳长作为商品盘鲍的标准 ,则盘鲍三倍体群只需养殖 2 6个月 (包括育苗期 )即可达到商品盘鲍的标准 ,而二倍体个体则需养殖 3 0个月 (包括育苗期 )。由此可见 ,三倍体商品盘鲍比二倍体商品盘鲍在养殖时间上可缩短 4个月 ;(4)盘鲍三倍体群与二倍体个体群的氨基酸组分相同 ,但盘鲍三倍体群的氨基酸总量比二倍体个体的氨基酸总量高。 相似文献
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利用皱纹盘跑（Haliotis discus hannai）贝壳颜色与摄食饵料相关且贝壳生成后色调不再改变等特点,以幼鲍贝壳顶部摄食底栖硅藻期间形成的褐红色部位的壳长指示它剥离时的壳长,将贝壳颜色用作形态标记,首次在皱纹盘鲍苗种繁育中观察到无意识选择。在投喂人工配合饵料后的第3天与第30天,分别从遗传背景不同的8组样本... 相似文献
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水温 2 0℃条件下 ,选用 6种方式进行稚鲍剥离对比实验。电剥离方式在剥离效率、稚鲍存活率 (长、短期 )及生长速度方面均具有明显的优势 ;混合气体处理与升温刺激的剥离效果最差 ,其余 3种方式 (酒精、氨基甲酸乙酯、乙基氨基香酸麻醉 )没有显著差异。对不同规格稚鲍剥离实验结果表明 ,8mm以下稚鲍选用高强度电剥离 ( 0 .5～ 0 .7V/ cm)方式为最佳 ;8～ 10 mm稚鲍选用中强度 ( 0 .3～ 0 .4 V/ cm) ;12 mm以上稚鲍可使用低强度电剥离 ( 0 .1～ 0 .2 V/ cm)方式。 相似文献
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FU Jinghu ZHANG Wenbing MAI Kangsen FENG Xiuni XU Wei LIUFU Zhiguo TAN Beiping 《海洋学报(英文版)》2006,25(5):141-150
1 IntroductionHighly reactive oxygen species (ROS) such assuperoxide anion radical (O2-), hydroxyl radical(HO·), singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydrogen perox-ide (H2O2) are continuously produced in the courseof normal aerobic cellular metabolism. It is widely… 相似文献
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皱纹盘鲍三倍体生长的初步研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
将用低温休克法和细胞松弛素B诱导法,获得的皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai Ino)三倍体诱导群与二倍体的个体,在室内同样条件下饲育,对其生长情况进行了比较,结果表明:(1)三倍体与二倍体的当年稚鲍在壳长和体重的增长上无明显差异。(2)三倍体与二倍体的2龄鲍,在第二年前期生长无明显差异,但从第二年后期开始,三倍体的壳长、体重增长逐渐优于二倍体。(3)统计学分析表明,三倍体与二倍体的3龄鲍在体重、软体部和足肌的增长方面,存在着明显差异。(4)在室内饲育19个月的鲍,三倍体诱导群的壳长比二倍体大10.2％,体重比二倍体大20.1％,足肌湿重比二倍体大17.6％。 相似文献
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Genetic parameter estimates for growth traits at early stage of Pacific abalone,Haliotis discus hannai Ino 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Heritability and genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated for juvenile growth traits of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino.The estimates were calculated from shell length and shell width measurements on progeny resulting from 12 half-sib families and 36 full-sib families obtained using artificial fertilization of mating three females to each male.The measurements were taken at 10,20 and 30 d after fertilization.It was found that heritability estimates based on sire component ranged from 0.23 to 0.36 for shell length and 0.21 to 0.32 for shell width.Heritability estimates from dam component were larger than those from sire component at three ages,indicating presence of maternal effects,non-additive genetic effects and common environmental effects.Phenotypic correlations were significant at three ages(P < 0.05),with values of 0.92,0.93 and 0.92,respectively.Genetic correlations from the paternal half-sib correlation analysis were highly positive at three ages,with values of 0.50,0.78 and 0.81,respectively.The results suggest that selective breeding is an effective approach to improving growth traits of Pacific abalone stocks. 相似文献
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The effects of two probiotic feeds containing two and three bacterial isolates were evaluated on the growth performance of New Zealand abalone (Haliotis iris). Probiotic bacteria were isolated from the guts of healthy adult abalone. The isolates were screened qualitatively and quantitatively according to their ability to hydrolyse nutrients (i.e. proteins, starch and alginate), produce acid and resist bile salts. Based on the screening results, we developed a multi-strain conglomerate of 2- and 3- probiotic bacterial strains that were supplemented into a commercial abalone feed to use in our experiments. The 2-probiotic conglomerate consisted of Exiguobacterium JHEb1 and Vibrio JH1, and the 3-probiotic conglomerate consisted of Exiguobacterium JHEb1, Vibrio JH1 and Enterococcus JHLDc. The probiotic feeding trial involved abalone juveniles (20–30 mm in maximum shell length). Both probiotic feeds significantly improved abalone growth compared to that of the unsupplemented feed. The 3-probiotic supplemented feed produced a significant shell length increase of 20.9%, a wet weight gain of 19.8% and a five-fold reduction in mortality compared to the controls. The 2-probiotic supplemented feed resulted in significant increases in shell length (15.4%) and reduced mortality (five-fold), but not in weight gain, compared to controls. 相似文献
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Ana C. Silva Ana C. Amador Sónia Brazão Claúdia Faria Diana Boaventura 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(4):525-532
Patellid limpets are key species on rocky shores, structuring intertidal assemblages through their grazing. Their role as prey for fish is, however, often overlooked in studies of intertidal ecosystem functioning. The shanny Lipophrys pholis is a common predator of limpets on rocky shores in Northern Europe and, in this study, we examined the characteristics of its predation on limpets based on prey size. The limpet size range that adult L. pholis (10–12.5 cm) can eat was examined in the laboratory using Patella depressa in 0.2 cm classes, varying between 0.5 cm and 3.0 cm in maximum shell length. There was a limpet size refuge above 1.8 cm, while all smaller sizes were readily consumed by the shanny. The predator attacking behaviour was also examined and found to vary with prey size. Limpets up to 0.8 cm were crushed by the jaw‐constricting force and eaten whole, whereas larger prey were prised from the substratum and the body subsequently separated from the shell. To examine whether there was a L. pholis preference for P. depressa size, a two‐stage laboratory experiment was done using two size classes defined as small (0.7–0.8 cm maximum shell length) and large (1.5–1.6 cm maximum shell length). In the first stage, the predator was given each limpet size class separately. In the second stage, the fish was given a choice between the two classes. Lipophrys pholis was shown to have a preference for the large size class (1.5–1.6 cm). The average number of limpets consumed by the shanny was examined for the duration of one high‐tide typical of the central region of Portugal (≈ 4 h). On average, approximately five limpets (up to an eight limpet maximum) were consumed. The present study shows that L. pholis has a feeding preference based on limpet size, which suggests that the limpet population structure and intra‐ and inter‐specific interactions may be influenced by the shanny predation. 相似文献
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九孔鲍肠道及其养殖水体中异养细菌产酶能力的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2002年5月从汕尾健生鲍鱼场养殖水体和成鲍肠道中分离筛选到26株异养细菌,其中11株来自成鲍肠道,15株来自养殖水体。对它们产胞外酶的能力进行了比较分析。结果表明肠道异养细菌中有72.7%能分泌蛋白酶、淀粉酶或明胶酶,9.1%分泌脂肪酶,45.5%分泌卵磷脂酶;水体异养细菌中则有46.7%能分泌蛋白酶或脂肪酶,66.7%分泌卵磷脂酶、淀粉酶或明胶酶。比较发现,肠道中脂肪酶或卵磷脂酶生产菌的比例小于水体异养细菌的比例;而蛋白酶、淀粉酶或明胶酶生产菌的比例却高于水体中异养细菌的比例。另外,水体异养细菌分泌多种胞外酶的能力强于肠道异养细菌。由此揭示现有鲍鱼肠道菌群结构的不完善,进而为通过添加有益菌而提高鲍鱼饲料利用率提供了可能。 相似文献