共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
水稻气候生产力的数值模拟及其应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在水稻气候生产力数值模拟的基础上,利用杂交水稻种植区１８省１６５站３０年逐旬光温整编资料,模拟并分析了早、中、晚稻气候生产力的空间分布规律及其气象原因;利用模糊聚类分析,进一步对我国水稻种植区域作了气候生态类型区划,结果早季稻划分为七个类型区,中季稻和晚季稻可划分为六个类型区。 相似文献
2.
在水稻气候生产力数值模拟的基础上,利用杂交水稻种植区18省165站30年逐旬光温整编资料,模拟并分析了早、中、晚稻气候生产力的空间分布规律及其气象原因;利用模糊聚类分析,进一步对我国水稻种植区域作了气候生态类型区划,结果早季稻划分为七个类型区,中季稻和晚季稻可划分为六个类型区。 相似文献
3.
《新疆农业气候资源及其区划》成果鉴定会于 1985年12月5日在乌鲁木齐市结束。与会专家一致认为,《新疆农业气候资源及其区划》针对性强,分析方法科学,实用意义大,质量高,达到了国内同类研究的先进水平。 《新疆农业气候资源及其区划》是新疆农业自然资源调查和农业区划研究工作的一部分,其中包括新疆农业气侯资源、农业气象灾害、农作物气候生态条件及其区划、果树林业气候区划、畜牧业气 相似文献
4.
由长春气象仪器研究所承担研制的“CZQ-1型长期自动气候站”,经检定测试和例行试验后的三台样机,在气象台站进行了4个月的现场使用考核,并作了复检测试,其结果均达到技术指标。仪器性能稳定、工作可靠,现已通过设计定型并投入小批量试生产。 长期自动气候站是在引进、消化、吸收美国Weathertronics公司产品样机的基础上研制成功的,采用电子式以微机为主体的方案,接近和达到国外同类产品80年代初的水平,在国内属于首创。将为我国进行农业气候区划,林业研究以及山区资源综合开发利用和生态平衡的研究等方面,提供可靠 相似文献
5.
6.
基于四川省1980—2017年主要气象要素观测资料,运用ArcGIS空间分析法,分别探讨了气温、降水量和极端气候指数的年际空间变化特征;同时建立极端气候指标体系,结合熵权法、模糊综合评价法开展综合极端气候指数区划,最终完成1980—2017年四川省气候变化综合区划。研究表明:1980—2017年四川省极端气候事件的发生率呈上升趋势,从区域分布上大致表现为东高西低;根据四川省气温和降水量变化速率区划、综合极端气候指数区划,将四川省划分为6个气候变化区,其中,川东北地区综合气候变化速率最快。 相似文献
7.
贵州红心猕猴桃气候区划指标体系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《贵州气象》2016,(3)
利用贵州84个气象观测站1981—2010年逐日温度、降水、日照、蒸发以及无霜期等气候资料,采用光热系数、光热指数、纬度—温度指数、活动积温、有效积温、干燥度、气候干湿指数等公式,对贵州红心猕猴桃区划指标进行分析、研究。结果表明:要实现贵州山区红心猕猴桃品种区域化,必须建立适合贵州山区气候特点的区划指标体系,即以活动积温、有效积温、年平均温度、7月平均温度、光热系数、光热指数、纬度—温度指数、无霜期、干燥度及气候干湿指数共10个气候因子作为红心猕猴桃种植的气候区划指标,该指标较为全面地评价红心猕猴桃种植的气候适宜性条件,为贵州山区红心猕猴桃推广种植提供科学、合理布局的依据。 相似文献
8.
9.
利用福建省67个气象观测站1971—2020年气候资料、地理信息资料、茉莉花生育期调查和查阅文献资料，构建茉莉花气候适宜性指标体系，采用层次分析法确定各区划指标权重，运用隶属度函数和模糊综合评价法计算得到各站点的茉莉花气候适宜性指数，开展基于GIS的全省茉莉花气候适宜性区划。结果表明：茉莉花种植气候最适宜区主要分布在福建中部和南部沿海；适宜种植区主要分布在沿海北部和内陆的低海拔地区；次适宜种植区分布全省各地；不适宜种植区主要分布在沿山脉的高海拔地区。并通过区划结果与福建省历年茉莉花种植情况比对验证，区划结果与现有种植区较为吻合，可为福建省茉莉花种植规划提供科学依据。 相似文献
10.
采用陕甘宁老区 4 8个县气象站 1 960～ 1 997年观测的气象资料和陕甘宁老区 1 0个县仁用杏物候资料及实地调查数据 ,对仁用杏气候生态适应性进行了分析 ;研究确定≤ 0℃终日、≥1 0℃积温、年降水量为区划指标 ;运用 GIS地理信息系统做了陕北仁用杏气候适生区划。在此基础上 ,对陕甘宁老区仁用杏进行了气候适生区划。结果表明 :陕甘宁老区各地均可种植仁用杏 ,但种植目的应有差异。在经济林气候优生区 ,仁用杏生长发育最为适宜 ,可获取较高且稳定的经济效益 ,主要分布于陕北东部黄河沿岸 ;在经济林气候适生区 ,种植仁用杏部分年份受害 ,能基本保证获得较好的经济效益 ,主要分布在陕北中东部及西部马连河、泾河原区 ;在经济与生态林气候过渡区 ,开花期和幼果期冻害发生较频繁 ,需要合理选择建园区 ,管理得当可取得生态、经济综合效益 ,主要在白于山区和陇西地区 ;在生态林气候适生区 ,种植仁用杏以防风固沙、绿化荒山生态防护为主要目的 ,主要分布在宁夏西部、子午岭和黄龙山区 相似文献
11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
12.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
13.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
14.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
15.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
16.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
17.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
18.
Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
19.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
20.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献